傳統的TOPSIS法必須大量仰賴專家的意見，有過於主觀的缺點，故本文發展出以專利分析所得到功能領域的功能字群之常態化數值的觀念，建立結合修正式模糊DANP法之修正式模糊TOPSIS方法，決定出不同改善方案之優先順序。本研究先以LED軌道燈為例做分析，再以牙科燈為例，依前述修正式模糊TOPSIS法求出不同功能改善方案的優先順序。將所得之功能改善方案之最優先改善方案，再配合產品技術/功能矩陣，針對其要改善的功能領域選擇可應用的技術領域，將其應用在修正式TRIZ方法作為新產品設計時創新方法構思的依據。
如上所述本研究將產品功能結合修正式模糊DANP之修正式模糊TOPSIS法實際應用於牙科燈。其步驟進一步說明如下，本文經由牙科燈產品之相關文獻探討及各項專利分析，將牙科燈分為3個功能改善方案，其為方案A:提高裝配便利性＋改善光的均勻性及亮度＋調節照明強度及範圍，方案B:提高散熱性＋降低成本及延長使用壽命＋調節照明強度及範圍及方案C:提升裝配便利性＋提高散熱性＋降低成本和提高使用壽命之A、B、C三種產品功能改善方案。再將產品功能之準則分為1.提高裝配便利性、2.改善陰影及眩光、3.改善光的均勻性及亮度、4.提高散熱性、5.降低眼睛疲勞程度、6.降低成本並提高使用壽命及7.調節照明範圍等7項功能領域。並將此7項功能領域做為評選新產品改善方案最重要的評估功能準則。接著透過以產品功能為主之修正式模糊DEMATEL所分析出的因果圖來分析上述七項功能領域的核心功能領域及各功能領域的相互受影響程度。本研究將牙科燈以其具相依性的三項產品功能改善方案為修正式模糊TOPSIS優先評選方案次序的方案，計算三項功能改善方案的優先評選次序。最後演算得到牙科燈之權值矩陣。本文提出將修正式模糊DEMATEL之總關係影響矩陣T與修正式模糊ANP之內部相依存成對比較矩陣W3進行矩陣運算，形成新的修正式模糊DANP的W3D權值，接著依照修正式模糊DANP法步驟，計算各方案的模糊決策矩陣WP，再將模糊W3D及模糊Wp之W_pij先代入修正式模糊TOPSIS方法的R_ij公式做計算，再利用修正式模糊TOPSIS法的其他相關公式計算出各功能改善方案之優先次序，評選出最優先之功能改善方案。本研究再應用牙科燈的產品技術/功能矩陣，就最優先選擇的功能改善方案，對應可應用之技術領域，選擇適當的技術領域做改善，再利用修正式TRIZ發明法做創新改良設計，最後可得到新設計之牙科燈。

Traditional TOPSIS method has to depend a lot on the opinions of experts, so it has the shortcoming of being too subjective. Therefore, the paper develops a concept of normalized numerical values of functional word cluster of the functional domains obtained from patent analysis, and establishes a modified fuzzy TOPSIS method that combines with modified fuzzy DANP method to determine the priority order of different improvement projects.
The paper firstly takes LED track light as an example for analysis, and then takes dental light as an example for analysis. According to the modified fuzzy TOPSIS method mentioned above, the paper finds the priority order of different functional improvement projects. The acquired most prioritized improvement project of the functional improvement projects is matched with the product technical/functional matrix. Focusing on the functional domains to be improved, the paper selects applicable technical domains for application to modified TRIZ method and lets them serve as a reference in thinking of innovative method for the design of new products.
As mentioned above, the paper combines product functions with modified fuzzy TOPSIS method of modified fuzzy DANP for actual application to dental light, and its procedure is further explained below. After reviewing the related literature of dental light product and analyzing different patents, the paper divides dental light into 3 functional improvement projects of product: Project A is increase of assembly convenience + improvement of evenness and luminosity of light + adjustment of illumination strength and range; Project B is heat dissipation increase + cost reduction and service life extension + adjustment of illumination strength and range; and Project C is increase of assembly convenience + heat dissipation increase + cost reduction and service life extension.
The criteria of product functions are divided into 7 functional domains: 1. increase of assembly convenience; 2. improvement of shadow and dazzling light; 3. improvement of evenness and luminosity of light; 4. heat dissipation increase; 5. eye fatigue reduction; 6. cost reduction and service life extension; and 7. adjustment of illumination strength and range. These 7 functional domains serve as the most important functional evaluation criteria for selection of new product-improvement projects. After that, through the causal diagram drawn after analysis by the product function-based modified fuzzy DEMATEL, the paper analyzes the core functional field of the above 7 functional domains and the degree of mutual influence among different functional fields.
The paper takes the 3 interdepending product function improvement projects of dental light as the modified fuzzy TOPSIS projects, to calculate the priority order for selection of the 3 functional improvement projects. Finally, through algorithm, the paper obtains the weight matrix of dental light. The paper suggests that the total relational influence matrix T of modified fuzzy DEMATEL is paired with internal interdependence of modified fuzzy ANP so as to compare to matrix W3 and carry out matrix computing, thus forming the weight W3D of a new modified fuzzy DANP.
After that, according to the procedure of modified fuzzy DANP method, the paper calculates the fuzzy decision-making matrix WP of each project. Then, fuzzy W3D and Wpij of fuzzy Wp are substituted in equation Rij of modified fuzzy TOPSIS method for calculation. Other related equations of modified fuzzy TOPSIS method are also used for calculation of the priority order of different functional improvement projects, and then the most prioritized functional improvement project is selected.
The paper also applies the product technical/functional matrix of dental light to find, based on the most prioritized selected functional improvement project, the corresponding applicable technical domain. After a suitable technical domain is selected for improvement, the paper uses modified TRIZ invention method to make innovative and improved design. Finally, a newly designed dental light can be achieved.

[1].Steigerwald, D. A., Bhat, J. C.,Collins, D., Fletcher, R. M., Holcomb, M.O., Ludowise, M. J., Martin, P. S.,and Rudaz, S. L. “Illumination with Solid State Lighting Technology,” IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Vol.8, Issue 2, pp.310-320 (2002).
[2].杜家宏，「整合繁體和簡體中文及英文斷詞斷字系統之發光二極體檯燈專利分析研究」，碩士論文，國立台灣科技大學機械工程學系，台北，民國一百年。
[3].McGlen, R.J., Jachuck, R., and Lin, S., “Integrated Thermal Management Techniques for High Power Electronic Devices,” Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol.24, Issue 8-9, pp.1143-1156 (2004).
[4].Jang, D., Yu, S.H., and Lee, K.S. “Multidisciplinary Optimization of a Pin-fin Radial Heat Sink for LED Lighting Applications,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.55, Issue 4, pp.515-521 (2012).
[5].Culham, J.R. and Muzychka, Y.S., “Optimization of Plate Fin Heat Sinks Using Entropy Generation Minimization, ” IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies, Vol.24, pp.159-165 (2001).
[6].陳子勳，遙控軌道燈，中國專利，CN206555799U(2017)。
[7].李俊，一種可控制方向的電機軌道燈，中國專利，CN206093673U(2017)。
[8].拉米瑞茲，用於ＨＩＤ、ＬＥＤ或螢光軌道燈之供電系統，台灣專利，TW201109568 (2011)。
[9].Rose, E. P., Hayman, R. and Karten, S.,，牙科應用之照明系統，台灣發明專利，TW200614968(2005)。
[10].謝其昌、李彥輝、唐誠燦，牙科燈之反光罩，台灣發明專利，TWI503506(2013)。
[11].Greppin, E. H “Dental operating lamp construction,” 美國專利, US2437516 (1948).
[12].Goldfire Innovator, http://www.invention-machine.com/index.htm
[13].Liu, C. C.and Chen, J. L., “Development of Product Green Innovation Design Method,” Proceedings of EcoDesign : Second International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing, Tokyo, Japan, pp.168-173 (2001).
[14].Liu, C. C. and Chen, J. L., “A TRIZ Inventive Product Design Method without Contradiction Information,” The TRIZ Journal, Paper No. 6, http://www.triz-journal.com (2001).
[15].Wang, H., Chen, G., Lin Z., and Wang, H., “Algorithm of Integrating QFD and TRIZ for the Innovative Design Process,” International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology, Vol.23, Issue 1, pp.41-52 (2005).
[16].Tong, L. H., He, C., and Shen, L., “Automatic Classification of Patent Documents for TRIZ Users,” World Patent Information, Vol.28, pp.6-13 (2006).
[17].Terninko, J., “The QFD, TRIZ and Taguchi Connection : Customer– Driven Robust Innovation,” The Ninth Symposium on Quality Function Deployment, pp.374-380 (1997).
[18].León-Rovira, N. and Aguayo, H., “A new Model of the Conceptual Design Process using QFD/FA/TRIZ,” The TRIZ Journal. http://www.triz-journal.com/, July (1998).
[19].Apte, P. R.and Mann, D. L., “Taguchi and TRIZ: Comparisons and Opportunities,” The TRIZ Journal, http://www.triz-journal.com/, November, (2001).
[20].Mann, D. L., “Assessing the Accuracy of the Contradiction Matrix For Recent Mechanical Inventions,” The TRIZ Journal.http://www.triz-journal.com/, February (2002).
[21].鄭振興，「利用知識工程技術進行支撐結構設計評估與設計改善之研究」，國立台灣科技大學機械工程學系，博士論文，台北(2011)。
[22].黃浩誠，「應用改良之TRIZ理論結合QFD於補償式化學機械拋光終點偵測及補償路徑之改善」，國立台灣科技大學機械工程學系，碩士論文，台北(2007)。
[23].Gruber, T., “A Translation Approach to Portable Ontology Specifications”, Knowledge Acquisition, Vol.5, pp.199-200 (1993).
[24].O’Leary, D.E., “Enterprise Knowledge Management”, IEEE Computer, Vol.31, pp.54-61 (1998).
[25].Tzeng, G. H., Chiang, C. H., Li, C. W., “Evaluating intertwined effects ine-learning programs: A novel hybrid MCDM model based on FactorAnalysis and DEMATEL,” Exper Systems with Applications Vol.32, No4, pp.1028-1044 (2007).
[26].Ou Yang, Y. P., Shieh, H. M., Leu, J. D. and Tzeng, G. H., “A Novel Hybrid MCDM Model Combined with DEMATEL and ANP with Applications”, International Journal of Operations Researc, Vol.5, No.3, pp.1-9 (2008).
[27].李杰穎，「以混合多目標決策方法建立永續供應商評估模型」，中原大學工業與系統工程學系，碩士論文，桃園(2013)。
[28].Sugiyanto and Rochimah, S.,“Integration of DEMATEL and ANP Methods for Calculate the Weight of Characteristics Software Quality Based Model ISO 9126, ”Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (ICITEE), International Conference (2013).
[29].Wu,W. W., “Choosing Knowledge Management Strategies by Using a Combined ANP and DEMATEL Approach,”Journal of the Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.35, Issue 3, pp.41-52 (2005).
[30].Hwang, C. L., “Multiple Attribute Decision Making Methods and Applications: A State of the Art Survey”, Springer-Verlag, New York (1981).
[31].Stelois, H. Z. and Anthony, S., “Mulit-attribute decision making: A simulation comparison of select methods,” European Journal of Operational Research , Vo1.7, pp.507-529 (1998).
[32].Yang, L., “Access Network Selection in a 4G Networking Environment,” A thes is presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thes is requirement for the degree of Master of applied Science Electrical and Computer Engineering (2007).
[33].Huan, J. S., “COTS evaluation using modified TOPSIS and ANP,” Applied Mathematics and Computation Vol.77, pp.251-259 (2006).
[34].Adil, B. “Integrating fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy hierarchical TOPSIS methods for truck selection, ” Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.40, No3, pp.899-907 (2013).
[35].石彥傑，「應用DANP於LED舞台燈設計之方案評選及改善之研究」，國立台灣科技大學機械工程學系，碩士論文，台北(2017)
[36].Zadeh, L. A., “Fuzzy Sets,” Information and Control, Vol.8, pp.338- 353, (1965)
[37].Saaty, T.L. and Takizawa, M., “Dependence and Independence: From Linear Hierarchies to Nonlinear Networks,” European Journal of Operational Research, Vol.26, Issue 2 , pp.229-237 (1986).
[38].沈柏誠，「結合模糊理論與修正式DANP於LED投射燈創新方案評選及設計」，國立台灣科技大學機械工程學系，碩士論文，台北(2016)
[39].李瑋浩，「TOPSIS群體理想解整合模式之研究」，國成功大學工業與資訊管理學系，碩士論文，台南(2009)
[40].肖尚平，一種懸動轉停的口腔燈，中國專利，CN207962367U，(2018)