本研究採用Panzar–Rosse model測量美洲三個區域和十六個國家銀行產業2004–2009年的競爭程度。實證結果發現美洲區域銀行競爭情形多屬於獨占性競爭，北美、南美的H值在金融風暴前後差異不大，但中美在金融風暴後的H值變大，表示中美洲的銀行市場結構因金融風暴而更行競爭。另外，針對個別國家銀行競爭環境結果發現，北美洲各國的銀行市場皆屬於獨占性競爭，中、南美國家的銀行市場多屬於接近完全競爭。最後，我們針對美洲四個主要國家(美國、加拿大、巴西、阿根廷)進行結構性指標(CR4、HHI)及非結構性指標(H-statistic)比較，結果發現，表示兩項指標並不一致。

This study focuses on the Americas banking industry, we utilize the Panzer and Rosse model (P-R model) to measure the competitive environment of banking industry in 3 regions in the Americas and 16 countries during the period of 2004-2009. We first find out the Americas banking industries operate in monopolistic competition. However, the 2008 financial crisis occurred during the observation period. The sub-periods for North America and South America have a little bit change in the degree of competition, but has the significant increase in competition environment in Central America. It indeed shows that the financial crisis makes more competitive banking market in Central America. As for the competition environment of the banking industry of a single country, the result shows that all countries are monopolistic competition in North America while most countries in Central and South America are perfect competition. Finally, we focus on four major American countries to compare the differences between structural indicator (CR4, HHI) and non-structural indicator (H-statistic). Therefore, the structural indicator and the non-structural indicator are inconsistent in this study.

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