簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 廖翰強
Han-chiang Liao
論文名稱: 嵌入式系統之異質多核心即時線上工作排程
Real-time on-line Task Scheduling for Heterogeneous Multi-core Embedded Systems
指導教授: 陳雅淑
Ya-Shu Chen
口試委員: 陳筱青
Hsiao-Chin Chen
張立平
Li-Pin Chang
吳晉賢
Chin-Hsien Wu
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電機工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 53
中文關鍵詞: 異質多核心系統排程器調配器搶佔行為
外文關鍵詞: heterogeneousmulti-coreembeddedsystems, scheduling, dispatcher, context switc
相關次數: 點閱:353下載:2
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本篇論文探討異質多核心系統的即時排程問題,在工作相依性限制的複雜度之下,一
    對一雙核心系統中測試不同的排程跟協定方法對各種系統效率的影響,各種不同搶佔設
    計對其系統效率的影響,測試搶佔行為的次數及不同的上下文切換的開銷量的影響。
    在多核心系統中,探討不同的工作結構在 Partition 與 Global 系統效率,並探討不同
    核心上遷移的開銷與上下文切換的開銷問題,測試並討論對各種調配方法對系統效率的
    影響,進一步比較在 Partition 加入本論文的方法之後,可以減少多少次的搶佔行為。


    This paper explores the real-time scheduling problems for heterogeneous multi-core systems. With the precedence constraint consideration, we test the performance of heterogeneous dual-core systems under varying schedulers, protocols, preemption point and context switch overhead. In heterogeneous multi-core systems, we discuss the performance of system under varying dispatchers, migration cost and task structures. We also propose an efficient algorithm to reduce the number of preemption in heterogeneous multi-core systems.

    介紹 1 1.1 研究動機 . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 研究目的 . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 論文架構 . . . . . . . . 2 2 相關工作 2.1 單核心排程. . . . . . . . 3 2.2 異質多核心排程 . . . . . 4 3 理論模型 3.1 硬體架構 . . . . . . . . 6 3.2 異質多核心上工作的特性 . 7 3.3 任務圖 . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.4 問題定義 . . . . . . . . 8 4 異質多核心排程方法 4.1 搶佔點與服務量. . . . . 9 4.2 異質多核心排程與調配器 . 13 4.3 緩慢搶奪 . . . . . . . . 16 4.4 排程可行性測試 . . . . . 22 5 實驗結果 5.1 實驗設定 .. . . . . . . .28 5.1.1 實驗環境 . . . . . . . 28 5.1.2 排程與協定的方法實作 . 29 5.2 單顆 MPU 核心和單顆 SPP 核心 . 30 5.2.1 協定的利用率界限 . . . 30 5.2.2 排程的利用率界限 . . . 32 5.2.3 不同搶佔點的影響 . . . 34 5.2.4 不同上下文切換的開銷影 36 5.2.5 諧波週期 相似利用率的 RDE . . 37 5.2.6 諧波週期 諧波利用率的 RDE . . 38 5.2.7 相似週期 相似利用率的 RDE . . 40 5.2.8 不同服務量的利用率界限 . . . 41 5.2.9 禁止進入許可 . . . . . . . . 42 5.3 單顆 MPU 核心 三顆 SPP 核心 . . 43 5.3.1 諧波週期的利用率界限 . . . . 43 5.3.2 搶佔行為次數 . . . . . . . . 45 5.3.3 考慮搶佔行為與遷移的開銷. . . 46 5.3.4 綜合所有方法對於開銷的影響 . 47 6 結論與未來展望

    [1] J. G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, “Introduction to digital signal processing,” Pren-
    tice Hall Professional Technical Reference, 1988.
    [2] E. A. Paulo S and S. L, “Digital signal processing system analysis and design,”
    United Kingdom at the University Press,Cambridge, 2010.
    [3] S. Zhang and K. S. Chatha, “Automated techniques for energy efficient schedul-
    ing on homogeneous and heterogeneous chip multi-processor architectures,” in Pro-
    ceedings of the 2008 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, ASP-
    DAC08, (LosAlamitos,CA, USA),pp.61–66, IEEEComputerSocietyPress, 2008.
    [4] A. Plaza, D. Valencia, and J. Plaza, “An experimental comparison of parallel algo-
    rithms for hyperspectral analysis using heterogeneous and homogeneous networks
    of workstations,” Parallel Computing, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 92 – 114, 2008.
    [5] S. Browne and U. Yechiali, “Scheduling deteriorating jobs on a single processor,”
    vol. 38, pp. 495–498, in INFORMS, May 1990.
    [6] R. Ravi, A. Agrawal, and P. Klein, “Ordering problems approximated: single-
    processor scheduling and interval graph completion,” vol. 510, pp. 751–762,
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991.
    [7] A. Bar-Noy, R. Bhatia, J. Naor, and B. Schieber, “Minimizing service and operation
    costs of periodic scheduling,” Mathematics of Operations Research, vol. 27, no. 3,
    pp. pp. 518–544, 2002.
    [8] B. Sprunt, L. Sha, and J. Lehoczky, “Aperiodic task scheduling for hard-real-time
    systems,” Real-Time Systems, vol. 1, pp. 27–60, 1989.
    [9] L. Cucu and J. Goossens, “Feasibility intervals for fixed-priority real-time schedul-
    ing on uniform multiprocessors,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Emerg-
    ing Technologies and Factory Automation, 2006. ETFA ’06., pp. 397 –404, sept.
    2006.
    [10] B. Andersson and J. Jonsson, “Fixed-prioritypreemptivemultiprocessorscheduling:
    to partition or not to partition,” in Proceedings of the Seventh International Confer-
    ence on Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications, pp. 337 –346, 2000.
    [11] D. Tsafrir, “The context-switch overhead inflicted by hardware interrupts (and the
    enigmaofdo-nothingloops),”inProceedingsofthe2007workshoponExperimental
    computer science, ExpCS ’07, (New York, NY, USA), ACM, 2007.
    [12] M. Behnam, I. Shin, T. Nolte, and M. Nolin, “SIRAP: a synchronization protocol
    for hierarchical resource sharingin real-time open systems,” in Proceedings of the
    7th ACM & IEEE international conference on Embedded software, EMSOFT
    ’07, (New York, NY, USA), pp. 279–288, ACM, 2007.
    [19] J. Y. T. Leung and J. Whitehead, “On the complexity of fixed-priority scheduling
    of periodic, real-time tasks,” Performance Evaluation, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 237 – 250,
    1982.
    [20] J. Haritsa, M. Livny, and M. Carey, “Earliest deadline scheduling for real-time
    database systems,” in Real-Time Systems Symposium, 1991. Proceedings., Twelfth,
    pp. 232 –242, dec 1991.
    [21] M. Spuri and J. Stankovic, “How to integrate precedence constraints and shared
    resources in real-time scheduling,” Computers, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 43,
    pp. 1407 –1412, dec 1994.
    [22] H. Chetto, M. Silly, and T. Bouchentouf, “Dynamic scheduling of real-time tasks
    under precedence constraints,” Real-Time Systems, vol. 2, pp. 181–194, 1990.
    [23] S. Baruah andN. Fisher, “Thepartitionedmultiprocessorschedulingofsporadictask
    systems,” Real-Time Systems Symposium, IEEE International, vol. 0, pp. 321–329,
    2005.
    [24] N. Fisher, S. Baruah, and T. P. Baker, “The partitioned scheduling of sporadic tasks
    according to static-priorities,” Real-Time Systems, Euromicro Conference on, vol. 0,
    pp. 118–127, 2006.
    [25] S. Lauzac, R. Melhem, and D. Mosse, “Comparison of global and partitioning
    schemes for scheduling rate monotonic tasks on a multiprocessor,” in Real-Time
    Systems, 1998. Proceedings. 10th Euromicro Workshop on, pp. 188 –195, jun 1998.
    [26] B. Andersson, S. Baruah, and J. Jonsson, “Static-priority scheduling on multipro-
    cessors,” in Real-Time Systems Symposium, 2001. (RTSS 2001). Proceedings. 22nd
    IEEE, pp. 193 – 202, dec. 2001.
    [27] J. Simonson and J. Patel, “Use of preferred preemption points in cache-based real-
    time systems,”in Computer Performanceand DependabilitySymposium, 1995. Pro-
    ceedings., International, pp. 316 –325, Apr. 1995.
    [28] C.-M. Cheng, “Real-time on-line task scheduling for dual-core embedded systems,”
    Master’s thesis, National Chiao Tung University.
    [29] R. Rajkumar, “Real-time synchronization protocols for shared memory multipro-
    cessors,” in Distributed Computing Systems, 1990. Proceedings., 10th International
    Conference on, pp. 116 –123, may-1 jun 1990.
    [13] O. Zapata and P. Alvarez, “EDF and RM multiprocessor scheduling algorithms:
    survey and performance evaluation,” CINVESTAV-IPN, Seccion de Computacion,
    Oct 2005.
    [14] G. C. Buttazzo, “Rate monotonic vs. EDF: judgment day,” Real-Time Systems,
    vol. 29, pp. 5–26, 2005.
    [15] B. Dutertre, “Formal analysis of the priority ceiling protocol,” in Proceedings of the
    Real-Time Systems Symposium, 2000. Proceedings. The 21st IEEE, pp. 151 –160,
    2000.
    [16] T. Baker, “A stack-based resource allocation policy for realtime processes,” in Pro-
    ceedings of the Real-Time Systems Symposium, 1990. 11th, pp. 191 –200, dec 1990.
    [17] G. Buttazzo and E. Bini, “Optimal dimensioning of a constant bandwidth server,”
    Real-Time Systems Symposium, IEEE International, vol. 0, pp. 169–177, 2006.
    [18] G. Fohler, T. Lennvall, and G. Buttazzo, “Improved handling of soft aperiodic tasks
    in offline scheduled real-time systems using total bandwidth server,” in Emerging
    Technologies and Factory Automation, 2001. Proceedings. 2001 8th IEEE Interna-
    tional Conference on, pp. 151 –157 vol.1, 2001.

    QR CODE