簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 王舒民
Shu-ming Wang
論文名稱: 網路沈迷、線上滿意度與忠誠度關係之研究
The Role of Internet Addiction in the Relationship between Satisfaction and Loyalty in Online Environment
指導教授: 盧希鵬
Hsi-Peng Lu
口試委員: 陳鴻基
Houn-Gee Chen
楊亨利
Heng-Li, Yang
方文昌
Wen-chang, Fang
李國光
Gwo-Guang Lee
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 資訊管理系
Department of Information Management
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 97
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 101
中文關鍵詞: 網路沈迷線上遊戲滿意度忠誠度計畫行為理論
外文關鍵詞: Internet addiction, Theory of Planned behaviors
相關次數: 點閱:353下載:23
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 顧客忠誠度一直是企業所追求的目標,而滿意度則被認為是影響忠誠度的重要因子,然而,過去探索兩者關係的實證研究卻仍存有分岐的結果。此外,網路及資訊科技的進步,也促動了數位內容產業的快速成長。在眾數位內容中,線上遊戲為最多人參與之應用,也為企業創造可觀的收益,過去研究結果顯示,多數玩家均對遊戲呈現高度忠誠,部份玩家甚而形成網路沈迷的症狀。然而,產業調查顯示,多數玩家普遍對於線上遊戲之遊戲內容或服務抱持不滿意的態度,此看似衝突現象顯示使用滿意度以解釋忠誠度的現象仍有所不足。為更清楚滿意度、忠誠度與網路沈迷形成的關係,本論文透過兩個系列研究加以探究之。
    第一篇研究中,本論文使用文獻引用分析,透過Web of Science資料庫蒐整1996~2008年間發表於SCI / SSCI期刊中共105篇之網路沈迷相關研究,分析過去網路沈迷研究之現況與趨勢,並找出主要研究議題及潛在的研究機會。分析結果顯示,過去網路沈迷相關研究多著重於探討網路沈迷與其它社會心理變數之相關性,相對缺少網路沈迷與其它行為變數之實證研究。
    基於文獻分析結果,本論文第二部份,提出一以TPB為基礎之研究模式,以線上遊戲為情境進行實證研究。研究共回收共1138問卷。分析結果指出,部份遊戲玩家存有線上遊戲沈迷之現象(31.5%),根據本研究結果指出,全職工作人士亦可能沈迷於線上遊戲。各項影響因子中,行為規範及認知娛樂性是造成線上遊戲沈迷最主要的因素。而網路沈迷除直接影響玩家忠誠度外,亦將減弱滿意度與忠誠度間的正向關係。
    綜合上述研究結果顯示,近來來網路沈迷已成為一學者重視之研究議題,然而,管理與行銷領域之實證研究卻仍相對有限。本論文之實證研究結果將可填補此一文獻缺口,並部份解釋線上遊戲中網路沈迷、滿意度與忠誠度三者之關係。最後,本論文針對研究結果,提出學術及管理意涵,以協助實務界訂定更臻完善的經營策略,並提出供學術界未來研究方向之參考建議。


    Customer loyalty has been an ultimate goal for corporations to pursue. Satisfaction has been identified as a major driver for loyalty in marketing literature. However, empirical evidence of the relationship between the two constructs are still quite diverse. On the other hand, the proliferation of information communication technologies (ICTs) has enabled the rapid growth of the online content industry. Among the online content services, online games are known to be the most popular and profitable one. Previous studies found that most online gamers show demonstrate loyalty to the online games. Some of them even further developed the problematic usage pattern known as Internet addiction. While high loyalty has been shown, industry survey also pointed out that most active online gamers reported high dissatisfaction with online games. This seemingly contrary phenomenon indicates that it was insufficient for using satisfaction as a sole indicator of loyalty. Hence, for better understanding the phenomenon, this dissertation conducted two studies in series to investigate the inter-relationships among the Internet addiction, Satisfaction, and Loyalty.
    In the first study, to assess the current state and trends of Internet addiction research, citation analysis approach was employed to analyze 105 Internet addiction related articles published in the SCI / SSCI journals during 1996~2008 via Web of Science database. Results show that previous studies primarily focused on the association between Internet addiction and other socio-psychological variables. Relatively little attentions have been placed on the relationship between Internet addiction with other behaviors, for example, loyalty.
    Based on the finding of first study, the second study proposed a TPB-based research model to investigate the relationship between satisfaction, loyalty, and Internet addiction in online game context. 1138 responses were collected through web survey and analyzed using PLS-graph 3.00. Results show that moderate portion of online gamers demonstrate the symptoms of addicted to online game (31.5%). In addition, this study found that young adults with full time job may also develop online game addiction. Among the antecedents of online game addiction, descriptive norms and perceive playfulness are major factors that contribute to the online game addiction. Moreover, online game addiction not only directly affects loyalty but also attenuates the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty.
    Concluding from above, Internet addiction has been a research issue that received increasing attention in recent years. Nevertheless, there are still limited empirical research in the field of Marketing and Management. This dissertation seeks to fill this gap by conducting the two studies. Results can partially explain the relationship among Internet addiction, satisfaction and loyalty in online environment. Finally, the implications of these findings for academics and practitioners are proposed. Moreover, directions for future research are suggested herein.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II 誌謝 IV TABLE OF CONTENT V LIST OF TABLES VII LIST OF FIGURES VIII 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION 1 1.2. PURPOSES AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS DISSERTATION 5 1.3. ORGANIZATION OF THE DISSERTATION 8 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 9 2.1. SATISFACTION 9 2.2. LOYALTY 10 2.3. SATISFACTION – LOYALTY RELATIONSHIP 11 2.4. MODERATORS OF THE SATISFACTION-LOYALTY RELATIONSHIP 13 3. STUDY 1: LITERATURE ASSESSMENT OF THE INTERNET ADDICTION RELATED RESEARCH IN SCI / SSCI JOURNALS 24 3.1. INTRODUCTION 24 3.2. RESEARCH METHODS 25 3.3. RESULTS 27 3.4. DISCUSSION 39 4. STUDY 2: THE ROLE OF INTERNET ADDICTION IN ONLINE GAME LOYALTY – AN EXPLORATORY STUDY 41 4.1. INTRODUCTION 41 4.2. RESEARCH FRAMEWORK 43 4.3. METHODOLOGY 52 4.4. RESULTS 58 4.5. DISCUSSION 66 5. CONCLUSION 68 5.1. CONTRIBUTIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF THIS DISSERTATION 68 5.2. RESEARCH LIMITATION AND FUTURE RESEARCH 70 REFERENCE 75 APPENDIX A: MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTS FOR STUDY 2 87 APPENDIX B: 中文問卷 89

    [1] Ajzen, I. "The Theory of Planned Behavior" Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 50, No. pp.179-211 (1991)
    [2] Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M. "Attitude-Behavior Relations: A theoretical Analysis and Review of Empirical Research" Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 84, No. 5, pp.888-918 (1977)
    [3] Ajzen, I. and Madden, T. J. "Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control" Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 22, No. 5, pp.453-474 (1986)
    [4] Akers, R. L. and Lee, G. "A Longitudinal Test of Social Learning Theory: Adolescent Smoking" Journal of Drug Issues, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.317-343 (1996)
    [5] Amy, W. "The role of emotional satisfaction in service encounters" Managing Service Quality, Vol. 14, No. 5, pp.365-376 (2004)
    [6] Anderson, E. W. and Sullivan, M. W. "The Antecedents and Consequences of Customer Satisfaction for Firms" Marketing Science, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp.125-143 (1993)
    [7] Anderson, E. W., Fornell, C. and Lehmann, D. R. "Customer Satisfaction, Market Share, and Profitability: Findings From Sweden" Journal of Marketing, Vol. 58, No. 3, pp.53-66 (1994)
    [8] Anderson, J. C. and Gerbing, D. W. "Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach" Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 103, No. 3, pp.411-423 (1988)
    [9] Anderson, K. J. "Internet use among college students: An exploratory study" Journal of American College Health, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp.21-26 (2001)
    [10] Anderson, R. E. and Srinivasan, S. S. "E-satisfaction and e-loyalty: A contingency framework" Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp.123-138 (2003)
    [11] Armstrong, L., Phillips, J. G. and Saling, L. L. "Potential determinants of heavier internet usage" International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, Vol. 53, No. 4, pp.537-550 (2000)
    [12] Beard, K. W. and Wolf, E. M. "Modification in the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp.377-383 (2001)
    [13] Beck, L. and Ajzen, I. "Predicting Dishonest Actions Using the Theory of Planned Behavior" Journal of Research in Personality, Vol. 25, No. pp.285-301 (1991)
    [14] Becker, G. S. and Murphy, K. M. "A Theory of Rational Addiction" The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 96, No. 4, pp.675-700 (1988)
    [15] Bennett, R. and Rundle-Thiele, S. "Customer satisfaction should not be the only goal" Journal of Services Marketing, Vol. 18, No. 6/7, pp.514-523 (2004)
    [16] Bessiere, K., Seay, A. F. and Kiesler, S. "The Ideal Elf: Identity Exploration in World of Warcraft" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp.530-535 (2007)
    [17] Boulos, M. N. K. and Wheeler, S. "The emerging Web 2.0 social software: an enabling suite of sociable technologies in health and health care education" Health Information and Libraries Journal, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp.2-23 (2007)
    [18] Burnham, T. A., Frels, J. K. and Mahajan, V. "Consumer Switching Costs: A Typology, Antecedents, and Consequences" Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp.109-126 (2003)
    [19] Cameron, S. "Rational addiction and the demand for cinema" Applied Economics Letters, Vol. 6, No. 9, pp.617-620 (1999)
    [20] Caplan, S. E. "Preference for Online Social Interaction: A Theory of Problematic Internet Use and Psychosocial Well-Being" Communication Research, Vol. 30, No. 6, pp.625-648 (2003)
    [21] Caplan, S. E. "Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being: development of a theory-based cognitive-behavioral measurement instrument" Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp.553-575 (2002)
    [22] Chandy, P. R. and Williams, T. G. E. "The impact of journals and authors on international business: A citational analysis of JIBS articles" Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp.715 (1994)
    [23] Chen, K., Tarn, J. M. and Han, B. T. "Internet dependency: Its impact on online behavioral patterns in E - commerce" Human Systems Management, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp.49-58 (2004)
    [24] Chen, Y. C., Chen, P. S., Hwang, J.-J., Korba, L. and et al. "An analysis of online gaming crime characteristics" Internet Research, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp.246 (2005)
    [25] Chin, W. W. "Issues and opiion on structural equation modeling" MIS Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp.vii-xvi (1998)
    [26] Chin, W. W., “Partial Least Squares For Researchers: An overview and presentation of recent advances using the PLS approach”, (2000)
    available at:http://disc-nt.cba.uh.edu/chin/icis2000plstalk.pdf
    [27] Chin, W. W., Marcolin, B. L. and Newsted, P. R. "A Partial Least Squares Latent Variable Modeling Approach for Measuring Interaction Effects: Results from a Monte Carlo Simulation Study and an Electronic-Mail Emotion/Adoption Study" Information Systems Research, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp.189-217 (2003)
    [28] Choi, D. and Kim, J. "Why People Continue to Play Online Games: In Search of Critical Design Factors to Increase Customer Loyalty to Online Contents" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.11-24 (2004)
    [29] Chou, C. and Hsiao, M.-C. "Internet addiction, usage, gratification, and pleasure experience: the Taiwan college students’ case" Computers and Education, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp.65-80 (2000)
    [30] Chou, C., Condron, L. and Belland, J. "A Review of the Research on Internet Addiction" Educational Psychology Review, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp.363-388 (2005)
    [31] Chou, S. L. and Liu, C. H., the worldwide market size for the online entertaining services is expected to reach 26.4 USD by 2010, Market Intelligence Center, Taipei. (2007)
    [32] Chou, T. J. and Ting, C. C. "The Role of Flow Experience in Cyber-Game Addiction" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 6, No. 6, pp.663-675 (2003)
    [33] Chuang, Y. C. "Massively multiplayer online role-playing game-induced seizures: A neglected health problem in Internet addiction" Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.451-456 (2006)
    [34] Dell'Osso, B., Altamura, A. C., Allen, A., Marazziti, D. and Hollander, E. "Epidemiologic and clinical updates on impulse control disorders - A critical review" European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Vol. 256, No. 8, pp.464-475 (2006)
    [35] Diamantopoulos, A. and Winklhofer, H. M. "Index Construction with Formative Indicators: An Alternative to Scale Development" Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), Vol. 38, No. 2, pp.269-277 (2001)
    [36] Dick, A. S. and Basu, K. "Customer Loyalty: Toward an Integrated Conceptual Framework" Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. SPRING, No. pp.99-113 (1994)
    [37] Douglas, A. C., Mills, J. E., Niang, M., Stepchenkova, S., Byun, S., Ruffini, C., Lee, S. K., Loutfi, J., Lee, J.-K., Atallah, M. and Blanton, M. "Internet addiction: Meta-synthesis of qualitative research for the decade 1996-2006" Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 6, pp.3027-3044 (2008)
    [38] Eastin, M. S., Glynn, C. J. and Griffiths, R. P. "Psychology of communication technology use in the workplace" Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp.436-443 (2007)
    [39] Elek, E., Miller-Day, M. and Hecht, M. L. "Influences Of Personal, Injunctive, And Descriptive Norms On Early Adolescent Substance Use" Journal of Drug Issues, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp.147-172 (2006)
    [40] Fornell, C. and Larcker, D. F. "Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error" Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), Vol. 18, No. 1, pp.39-50 (1981)
    [41] Ganesh, J., Arnold, M. J. and Reynolds, K. E. "Understanding the Customer Base of Service Providers: An Examination of the Differences Between Switchers and Stayers" Journal of Marketing, Vol. 64, No. 3, pp.65-87 (2000)
    [42] Griffiths, M. "Does Internet and Computer "Addiction" Exist? Some Case Study Evidence" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp.211-218 (2000)
    [43] Griffiths, M. "Internet abuse in the workplace: issues and concerns for employers and employment counselors" Journal of Employment Counseling, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp.87-96 (2003)
    [44] Griffiths, M. "Internet addiction: Fact or fiction?" Psychologist, Vol. 12, No. 5, pp.246-250 (1999)
    [45] Grover, V., Ayyagari, R., Gokhale, R., Jaejoo, L. and Coffey, J. "A Citation Analysis of the Evolution and State of Information Systems within a Constellation of Reference Disciplines" Journal of the Association for Information Systems, Vol. 7, No. 5, pp.270-324 (2006)
    [46] Gruber, J. and Koszegi, B. "Is addiction "rational"? Theory and evidence" Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 116, No. 4, pp.1261-1303 (2001)
    [47] Homburg, C. and Giering, A. "Personal characteristics as moderators of the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty - An empirical analysis" Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp.43-66 (2001)
    [48] Hsu, C. L. and Lu, H. P. "Consumer behavior in online game communities: A motivational factor perspective" Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp.1642-1659 (2007)
    [49] Hsu, C. L. and Lu, H. P. "Why do people play on-line games? An extended TAM with social influences and flow experience" Information & Management, Vol. 41, No. 7, pp.853-868 (2004)
    [50] Hur, M. H. "Demographic, Habitual, and Socioeconomic Determinants of Internet Addiction Disorder: An Empirical Study of Korean Teenagers" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 9, No. 5, pp.514-525 (2006)
    [51] Jarvis, C. B., Mackenzie, S. B., Podsakoff, P. M., Mick, D. G. and Bearden, W. O. "A Critical Review of Construct Indicators and Measurement Model Misspecification in Marketing and Consumer Research" Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp.199-218 (2003)
    [52] Jones, M. A., Mothersbaugh, D. L. and Beatty, S. E. "Switching Barriers and Repurchase Intentions in Services" Journal of Retailing, Vol. 76, No. 2, pp.259-274 (2000)
    [53] Jones, M. A., Mothersbaugh, D. L. and Beatty, S. E. "Why customers stay: measuring the underlying dimensions of services switching costs and managing their differential strategic outcomes" Journal of Business Research, Vol. 55, No. 6, pp.441-450 (2002)
    [54] Jones, T. O. and Sasser, E. J. "Why Satisfied Customers Defect" Harvard Business Review, Vol. 73, No. 6, pp.88-99 (1995)
    [55] Kandell, J. J. "Internet addiction on campus: The vulnerability of college students" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp.11-17 (1998)
    [56] Kim, E. J., Namkoong, K., Ku, T. and Kim, S. J. "The relationship between online game addiction and aggression, self-control and narcissistic personality traits" European Psychiatry, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp.212-218 (2008)
    [57] Kim, K. H., Park, J. Y., Kim, D. Y., Moon, H. I. and Chun, H. C. "E-lifestyle and motives to use online games" Irish Marketing Review, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp.71-77 (2002)
    [58] LaRose, R., Mastro, D. and Eastin, M. S. "Understanding internet usage - A social-cognitive approach to uses and gratifications" Social Science Computer Review, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp.395-413 (2001)
    [59] Lee, E. J. and Overby, J. W. "Creating Value for Online Shoppers: Implications for Satisfaction and Loyalty" Journal of Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction and Complaining Behavior, Vol. 17, No. pp.54-67 (2004)
    [60] Leung, L. "Net-Generation Attributes and Seductive Properties of the Internet as Predictors of Online Activities and Internet Addiction" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp.333-348 (2004)
    [61] Levy, J. A. and Strombeck, R. "Health benefits and risks of the Internet" Journal of Medical Systems, Vol. 26, No. 6, pp.495-510 (2002)
    [62] Lewison, G. "Beyond SCI citations – New ways to evaluate research" Current Science, Vol. 89, No. 9, pp.1524-1530 (2005)
    [63] Leydesdorff, L. and Schank, T. (2008) Dynamic animations of journal maps: Indicators of structural changes and interdisciplinary developments. Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology.
    [64] Li, D., Browne, G. J. and Wetherbe, J. C. "Why Do Internet Users Stick with a Specific Web Site? A Relationship Perspective" International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp.105-141 (2006)
    [65] Liu, C. h. and Chou, S. l. Analysis of Internet entertaining Behaviors in Taiwan, Taipei, Market Intelligence Center (2008)
    [66] Lo, S. K., Wang, C. C. and Fang, W. "Physical Interpersonal Relationships and Social Anxiety among Online Game Players" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp.15-20 (2005)
    [67] Luor, T., Johanson, R. E., Lu, H. P. and Wu, L. L. "Trends and lacunae for future computer assisted learning (CAL) research: An assessment of the literature in SSCI journals from 1998-2006" Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology, Vol. 59, No. 8, pp.1313-1320 (2008)
    [68] Mafe, C. R. and Blas, S. S. "Explaining Internet dependency" Internet Research, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp.380-397 (2006)
    [69] Mansilla, R., Köpen, E., Cocho, G. and Miramontes, P. "On the behavior of journal impact factor rank-order distribution" Journal of Informetrics, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp.155-160 (2007)
    [70] Martensen, A., Grempty setnholdt, E. and Kristensen, K. "The drivers of customer satisfaction and loyalty: cross-industry findings from Denmark" Total Quality Management, Vol. 11, No. 4/5/6, pp.544-553 (2000)
    [71] Meho, L. I. and Rogers, Y. "Citation counting, citation ranking, and h-index of human-computer interaction researchers: A comparison of Scopus and Web of Science" Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology, Vol. 59, No. 11, pp.1711-1726 (2008)
    [72] Miranda, M. J., Konya, L. and Havrila, I. "Shoppers' satisfaction levels are not the only key to store loyalty" Marketing Intelligence & Planning, Vol. 23, No. 2/3, pp.220-232 (2005)
    [73] Mittal, V. and Kamakura, W. A. "Satisfaction, repurchase intent, and repurchase behavior: Investigating the moderating effect of customer characteristics" Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp.131-142 (2001)
    [74] Moon, J. W. and Kim, Y. G. "Extending the TAM for a World-Wide-Web context" Information & Management, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp.217-230 (2001)
    [75] Morahan-Martin, J. and Schumacher, P. "Incidence and correlates of pathological Internet use among college students" Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp.13-29 (2000)
    [76] Morgan, R. M. and Hunt, S. D. "The Commitment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing" Journal of Marketing, Vol. 58, No. 3, pp.20 (1994)
    [77] Mossbarger, B. "Is "Internet addiction" addressed in the classroom? A survey of psychology textbooks" Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp.468-474 (2008)
    [78] Nalwa, K. and Anand, A. P. "Internet Addiction in Students: A Cause of Concern" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 6, No. 6, pp.653-656 (2003)
    [79] Ng, B. D. and Wiemer-Hastings, P. "Addiction to the Internet and Online Gaming" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp.110-113 (2005)
    [80] Norris, M. and Oppenheim, C. "Comparing alternatives to the Web of Science for coverage of the social sciences' literature" Journal of Informetrics, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp.161-169 (2007)
    [81] Nunnally, J. C. Psychometric Theory, New York, McGraw-Hill (1978)
    [82] O’Reilly, T. (2005), “Whis is Web 2.0”, available at:
    http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html
    [83] Oliver, R. L. Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer, New York, McGraw-Hill (1997)
    [84] Oliver, R. L. "A Cognitive Model of the Antecedents and Consequences of Satisfaction Decisions" Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), Vol. 17, No. 4, pp.460-469 (1980)
    [85] Oliver, R. L. "Whence consumer loyalty?" Journal of Marketing, Vol. 63, No. pp.33-44 (1999)
    [86] Olsen, S. O. "Repurchase loyalty: The role of involvement and satisfaction" Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp.315-341 (2007)
    [87] Olsen, S. O., Wilcox, J. and Olsson, U. "Consequences of Ambivalence on Satisfaction and Loyalty" Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp.247-269 (2005)
    [88] Phillips, D. M. and Baumgartner, H. "The Role of Consumption Emotions in the Satisfaction Response" Journal of Consumer Psychology, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp.243-252 (2002)
    [89] Quayle, E. and Taylor, M. "Model of problematic Internet use in people with a sexual interest in children" Cyberpsychology & Behavior, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp.93-106 (2003)
    [90] Reichheld, F. F. and Schefter, P. "E-Loyalty" Harvard Business Review, Vol. 78, No. 4, pp.105-113 (2000)
    [91] Reichheld, F. R. and Markey Jr, R. G. "The loyalty effect--the relationship between loyalty and profits" European Business Journal, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp.134 (2000)
    [92] Richins, M. L. "Negative Word-of-Mouth by Dissatisfied Consumers: A Pilot Study" Journal of Marketing, Vol. 47, No. 1, (1983)
    [93] Rivis, A. and Sheeran, P. "Descriptive Norms as an Additional Predictor in the Theory of Planned Behaviour: A Meta-Analysis" Current Psychology, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp.218-233 (2003a)
    [94] Rivis, A. and Sheeran, P. "Social Influences and the Theory of Planned Behaviour: Evidence for a Direct Relationship Between Prototypes and Young People's Exercise Behaviour" Psychology & Health, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp.567-583 (2003b)
    [95] Rodgers, W., Negash, S. and Suk, K. "The moderating effect of on-line experience on the antecedents and consequences of on-line satisfaction" Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.313-331 (2005)
    [96] Rodgers, W., Negash, S. and Suk, K. "The moderating effect of on-line experience on the antecedents and consequences of on-line satisfaction" Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.313-331 (2005)
    [97] Rust, R. T. and Zaborik, A. J. "Customer Satisfaction, Customer Retention, and Market Share" Journal of Retailing, Vol. 69, No. 2, pp.193 (1993)
    [98] Sanchez-Franco, M. J. and Roldan, J. L. "Web acceptance and usage model: A comparison between goal-directed and experiential web users" Internet Research, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp.21-48 (2005)
    [99] Semeijn, J., Riel, A. C. R. v., Birgelen, M. J. H. v. and Streukens, S. "E-services and offline fulfilment: how e-loyalty is created" Managing Service Quality, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp.182-194 (2005)
    [100] Shaffer, H. J. "Understanding the means and objects of addiction: Technology, the internet, and gambling" Journal of Gambling Studies, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp.461-469 (1996)
    [101] Shankar, V., Smith, A. K. and Rangaswamy, A. "Customer satisfaction and loyalty in online and offline environments" International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp.153-175 (2003)
    [102] Shapira, N. A., Goldsmith, T. D., Keck, P. E., Khosla, U. M. and McElroy, S. L. "Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic internet use" Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 57, No. 1-3, pp.267-272 (2000)
    [103] Shapira, N. A., Lessig, M. C., Goldsmith, T. D., Szabo, S. T., Lazoritz, M., Gold, M. S. and Stein, D. J. "Problematic Internet use: Proposed classification and diagnostic criteria" Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp.207-216 (2003)
    [104] Soule, L. C., Shell, L. W. and Kleen, B. A. "Exploring Internet Addiction: Demographic Characteristics and Stereotypes of Heavy Internet Users" Journal of Computer Information Systems, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp.64-73 (2003)
    [105] Spreng, R. A., MacKenzie, S. B. and Olshavsky, R. W. "A reexamination of the determinants of consumer satisfaction" Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60, No. 3, pp.15 (1996)
    [106] Stephenson, W. The Play Theory of mass communication, New Brunswich, NJ, Transaction Books (1988)
    [107] Suh, J. C. and Yi, Y. "When Brand Attitudes Affect the Customer Satisfaction-Loyalty Relation: The Moderating Role of Product Involvement" Journal of Consumer Psychology, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp.145-155 (2006)
    [108] Szymanski, D. M. and Henard, D. H. "Customer Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis of the Empirical Evidence" Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.16-35 (2001)
    [109] Tam, J. L. M. "Customer Satisfaction, Service Quality and Perceived Value: An Integrative Model" Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 20, No. 7/8, pp.897-917 (2004)
    [110] Wan, C. S. and Chiou, W.-B. "Why Are Adolescents Addicted to Online Gaming? An Interview Study in Taiwan" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 9, No. 6, pp.762-766 (2006)
    [111] Wangenheim, F. and Bayon, T. "Satisfaction, loyalty and word of mouth within the customer base of a utility provider: Differences between stayers, switchers and referral switchers" Journal of Consumer Behaviour, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp.211-220 (2004)
    [112] Webster, J. and Martocchio, J. J. "Microcomputer playfulness: Development of a measure with workplace implications" MIS Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp.201-226 (1992)
    [113] Webster, J., Trevino, L. K. and Ryan, L. "The dimensionality and correlates of flow in human-computer interactions" Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.411-426 (1993)
    [114] Westbrook, R. A. "Product/ Consumption-Based Affective Responses and Postpurchase Processes" Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), Vol. 24, No. 3, pp.258-270 (1987)
    [115] Widyanto, L. and Griffiths, M. "‘Internet Addiction’: A Critical Review" International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp.31-51 (2006)
    [116] Wood, R. T. A., Griffiths, M. D., Chappell, D. and Davies, M. N. O. "The Structural Characteristics of Video Games: A Psycho-Structural Analysis" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.1-10 (2004)
    [117] Woszczynski, A. B., Roth, P. L. and Segars, A. H. "Exploring the theoretical foundations of playfulness in computer interactions" Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.369-388 (2002)
    [118] Yang, S. C. and Tung, C. J. "Comparison of Internet addicts and non-addicts in Taiwanese high school" Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp.79-96 (2007)
    [119] Yang, Z. and Peterson, R. T. "Customer perceived value, satisfaction, and loyalty: The role of switching costs" Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 21, No. 10, pp.799-822 (2004)
    [120] Yee, N. "Motivations for Play in Online Games" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 9, No. 6, pp.772-775 (2006)
    [121] Yi, Y. "A Critical Review of Consumer Satisfaction" Review of Marketing, Vol. 4, No. pp.68-123 (1990)
    [122] Yi, Y. and La, S. "What Influences the Relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Repurchase Intention? Investigating the Effects of Adjusted Expectations and Customer Loyalty" Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp.351-373 (2004)
    [123] Young, K. S. Caught in the Net, New York, John Whiley & Sons (1998a)
    [124] Young, K. S. "Internet addiction - A new clinical phenomenon and its consequences" American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp.402-415 (2004)
    [125] Young, K. S. "Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder" CyberPsychology & Behavior, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp.237-244 (1998b)
    [126] Zaichkowsky, J. L. "Conceptualizing Involvement" Journal of Advertising, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp.4-34 (1986)
    [127] Zaichkowsky, J. L. "Measuring the Involvement Construct" Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp.341-352 (1985)
    [128] Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L. and Parasuraman, A. "The Behavioral Consequences of Service Quality" Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp.31-46 (1996)
    [129] Zou, S. "Contributions to International Advertising Research" Journal of Advertising, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp.99-110 (2005)

    QR CODE