全球暖化元凶主要是二氧化碳，而捕捉二氧化碳方法有很多種，本論文利用碳酸酐酶(CA，carbonic anhydrase)進行二氧化碳水合反應來捕捉二氧化碳，CA本身大腸桿菌中表現生產所得的可溶性蛋白量頗低，使用來自熱纖梭菌(Clostridium thermocellum)的纖維素結合功能域(cellulose binding domain, CBD)融合於CA之C端可提高其可溶性，纖維素奈米結晶(cellulose nanocrystal, CNC)可以直接用以純化與固定化CA-CBD融合蛋白，在相同蛋白質濃度下的CA與CA-CBD粗萃液，CA-CBD在與CNC進行吸附固定化後之比活性較CA高約3倍，表示CNC對CBD結合能力較強，所吸附固定化的CA-CBD也多。CA-CBD熱穩定性方面較CA高10℃，經四次的重複使用，固定化CA-CBD活性還維持原本的80%以上，固定化CA活性則掉到原本60%。經FE-SEM分析，固定化CA-CBD於CNC可成功將二氧化碳轉化成碳酸鈣沉澱。CA-CBD亦可固定在其它纖維素材料，細菌纖維素(BC)、微晶纖維素(MCC)與纖維素奈米結晶(CNC)在二氧化碳水合活性上此三種纖維素之趨勢為：MCC>CNC>BC，然而在75℃水浴下加熱15分鐘後，其二氧化碳水合活性趨勢則為：MCC<CNC< BC，此結果表示CNC是可利用於固定化CBD融合酵素來進行催化反應。

Carbon dioxide capture technologies have the potential to become an important climate change mitigation option through sequestration of gaseous CO2. A biomimetic method for CO2 capture is to use immobilized carbonic anhydrase (CA) to catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2 to HCO3- and H+. However, cost-efficient production of the enzyme and an inexpensive immobilization system are critical for development of economically feasible CA based CO2 capture processes. The amount of soluble protein produced by CA in E. coli is quite low. Also, the cellulose binding domain (CBD) from Clostridium thermocellum can enhance the solubility of the expressed CA. This research aimed to develop a bifunctional enzyme containing CA from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and a cellulose binding domain (CBD) from Clostridium thermocellum. This fusion enzyme is of particular interest due to its binding affinity toward cellulose and retained CA activity, which could serve as the basis for improved technology to capture CO2 from flue gases. In this research, CA-CBD was immobilized onto cellulose nanocrystal(CNC). The cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) was directly used for CA and CA-CBD adsorption. The specific hydratase activity of CA-CBD after immobilization onto CNC is about 3 times higher than the immobilized CA, indicating that the binding ability between CNC and CA-CBD is stronger than electrostatic interaction between CNC and CA. The thermal stability of CA-CBD was 10°C higher than that of CA. The activity of immobilized CA and CA-CBD was maintained at 80% and 60% after four times uses. By FE-SEM analysis, immobilized CA-CBD can successfully convert carbon dioxide into calcium carbonate precipitate on CNC. Furthermore, CA-CBD can also be immobilized on other cellulosic materials. The trend of hydratase activity of CA bounded bacterial cellulose (BC), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) is: MCC> CNC>BC. However, after heating for 15 minutes at
75 °C, the trend of carbon dioxide hydration activity is: MCC<CNC< BC, which indicates that the CNC can be used for immobilized CBD fusion enzyme to carry out catalytic reaction.

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