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研究生: 戚光平
Kuan-Ping Chi
論文名稱: 應用美國ASCE 41-13程序檢視既有鋼結構高層建築物之耐震評估及結構補強案例分析研究
A case study of seismic performance evaluation and retrofit of an existing high-rise steel building following the principles of ASCE 41-13
指導教授: 蕭博謙
Po-Chien Hsiao
口試委員: 廖敏志
Min-Chih Liao
林克強
Ker-Chun Lin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 營建工程系
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年: 2021
畢業學年度: 109
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 138
中文關鍵詞: 耐震評估耐震詳細評估耐震補強既有鋼構造建築物
外文關鍵詞: seismic evaluation, detailed seismic assessment, seismic retrofit, existing steel building
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台灣位處環太平洋地震帶,地震引致之災害時有所聞,由於舊有建築物是以當時設計時所採行之規範,已不符合現今規範需求,且台灣老舊房舍甚多,加上多數民眾缺乏耐震的觀念,遂政府於89年6月16日推動「建築物實施耐震能力評估及補強方案」,期盼先以公有建築物之執行,而後再逐步擴及私有建築物。
本研究係以台北市某大樓作為研究案例,由於本大樓屬「建築物耐震設計規範及解說」第一類建築物,故有其執行之必要。研究方向原則採行美國既有建築物耐震評估與補強規範ASCE 41-13「Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings」之耐震評估及補強流程,並輔以我國「建築物耐震設計規範及解說」之條文規定,檢視本大樓結構之耐震評估及已完成結構補強之適切。本大樓曾於民國97年完成耐震詳細評估,並於民國99年完成耐震補強,由於當時評估之際所採行之規範與現行規範不同,本研究亦提出其差異後之比較,可提供工程師引用不同年代規範之參考。經比較前後規範,二者最大差異為本建築物工址位於台北盆地微分區之台北三區,經規範修改為台北二區,此一結果導致加速度值的改變,進而直接造成設計水平地震力及垂直地震力之增加,後再深入檢討計算,所幸仍可滿足現行規範需求。
本大樓經詳細評估後,發現Y向崩塌地表加速度稍嫌不足,且少部分構件變形能力亦不足,故採用液態黏滯阻尼器(Fluid Viscous Damper, FVD)作為其能量消善裝置,並針對少部分變形能力不足之構件以局部焊接鋼板方式補強,以達結構耐震補強之目的。


Taiwan is located in the Pacific seismic belt (the Pacific ring of fire). Severe and disaster-causing earthquakes have been frequently occurred. Many existing buildings in Taiwan were designed upon the older specifications and standards and no longer sufficient to the current standards. The general public still lacks for the concept of seismic structures and structural safety. In consequence, Taiwanese government has tried to carry out the project of "The promotion of the seismic evaluation and retrofit of existing buildings" since June 16, 2000. The goal of the project was to promote and popularize the seismic evaluation and retrofit of the existing buildings, and the public buildings were strategically implemented first followed by the private buildings later.
The research performs a case study of seismic assessment and seismic retrofit on an existing public high-rise steel building located in Taipei, which belongs to the first type of buildings per "Seismic design specifications and commentaries for building structures". The main objective of research is to proceed and examine the seismic assessment and retrofit of the considered building through the procedures and methodology specified in ASCE 41-13, "Seismic evaluation and retrofit of existing buildings", to fulfill the specifications of the Taiwanese seismic code, "Seismic design specifications and commentaries for building structures". It should be noted that a detailed seismic evaluation of the considered building in the study has been performed back in 2008, and the seismic retrofit of the building has been completed in 2010. Considering the specification at the time of the seismic evaluation and retrofit are different from the latest or current specifications, the study compares the influences of the differences of the specifications between two specified times for providing engineers good references for the future applications. Upon the comparison, the biggest difference between the older and latest codes is that the building originally belongs to the level-3 zone of Taipei in Taipei basin per the older codes, and it was changed to level-2 zone of Taipei per the latest codes. As a result, both of the horizontal and vertical seismic loads were significantly enlarged. After examining and perform the seismic assessment of the study, the considered building could, fortunately, still meet the requirements of the current codes.
Based on a detailed examination, it was found that the ground accelerations of lateral collapse in Y-direction of the building was slightly insufficient, and a small number of structural members was insufficient in strengths. In consequences, fluid viscous damper (FVD) devices were determined to be used for increasing damping and reducing the seismic loads, and a few of members with insufficient strengths were reinforced by widening or thickening the flanges of the members so as to achieve the seismic retrofitting purpose.

中文摘要 I 英文摘要II 誌 謝IV 目 錄V 表 目 錄 VIII 圖 目 錄 X 第一章緒論 1 1.1研究動機 1 1.2研究目的 2 1.3研究架構 3 第二章文獻回顧 5 2.1前言 5 2.2國內外相關規範 5 2.2.1 美國既有建築物耐震評估與補強規範ASCE 41-13「Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings」〔3〕 5 2.2.2 美國建築物及其他結構最小設計載重及其相關準則ASCE 7-16「Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures」〔4〕 7 2.2.3建築物耐震設計規範及解說 10 2.2.4都市危險及老舊建築物結構安全性能評估辦法 11 2.3設計反應譜 11 2.4國內現行耐震評估相關技術 15 2.4.1 鋼筋混凝土建築物耐震能力詳細評估分析方法(推垮分析)〔10〕 15 2.4.2鋼筋混凝土建築物耐震能力詳細評估SERCB(Seismic Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Building)理論背景與系統操作〔11〕 17 第三章建築物耐震評估 19 3.1採用方法 19 3.2案例介紹 20 3.3耐震能力性能目標 25 3.3.1耐震能力評估過程(Evaluation Process)〔3〕 25 3.3.2性能目標與地震危害〔3〕 27 3.3.3選定性能目標(Select Performance Objective) 31 3.3.4耐震層級(Level of Seismicity) 32 3.4評估要件(Evaluation Requirements) 32 3.4.1建築物資訊(As-Built Information) 32 3.4.2一般建築物型式及高度限制(Common Building Type and Height Limit) 34 3.4.3資料收集(Data Collection) 35 3.5結構系統分析(Structural System Analysis) 37 3.5.1分析要件(Analysis Requirements) 37 3.5.2分析程序(Analysis Procedures) 38 3.6基礎評估(Foundation Evaluation) 40 3.7結構元件評估(Structural Element Evaluation) 41 3.7.1鋼(Steel) 41 3.7.1.1材料性質(Material Properties)41 3.7.1.2鋼造構架(Steel Frames)42 3.7.2混凝土(Concrete) 43 3.8評估報告(Evaluation Report) 45 3.9討論 59 第四章建築物耐震補強 64 4.1耐震能力補強目標 64 4.1.1耐震能力補強過程(Retrofit Process) 64 4.1.2性能目標(Performance Objective) 66 4.1.3第3級系統補強程序(Tier 3 Systematic Retrofit Procedure) 66 4.2初步補強計畫(Preliminary Retrofit Scheme) 67 4.3阻尼分析及設計(Seismic Damping Analysis and Design) 69 4.3.1消能裝置之模擬(Modeling of Energy Dissipation Devices) 70 4.3.2分析程序的選擇(Selection of Analysis procedures) 74 4.3.3非線性動力程序(Nonlinear Dynamic procedures) 74 4.3.3.1上下限設計及分析屬性(Upper and Lower Bound Design and Analysis Properties) 74 4.3.3.2非線性動力歷時分析及輸入之地震記錄 76 4.4焊接鋼板設計(Welding Steel Plates Design) 79 4.5準備補強施工文件(Prepare Construction Documents for Retrofit) 80 4.5.1成本估算(Cost Estimate) 80 4.5.2設計審查(Design Review) 80 4.6施工品質保證(Construction Quality Assurance) 81 4.6.1施工品質保證計畫(Construction Quality Assurance Plan) 81 4.6.2消能裝置的測試(Required Tests of Energy Dissipation Devices) 82 4.7討論 83 第五章結論與建議 86 5.1結論: 86 5.2建議: 88 第六章參考文獻 89 附錄A原結構梁柱接頭設計 91 附錄B耐震補強結構設計 110

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