近年，許多國家設定減碳與淨零目標，推動能源轉型。大量的基於換流器資源加入電網，使得未來電網結構將發生變化。在未來新型電網的結構中，需要加入新的輔助服務系統與措施，以確保新型電網在能源轉型與實現淨零目標下，維持電網的頻率穩定性與可靠度。
電池式儲能系統具備快速響應的能力，並且結合能源管理系統，提供多樣化輔助服務策略於新型電網，有效地提高新型電網的頻率穩定性與韌性。本論文主要針對電池式儲能系統在高滲透再生能源電網的頻率穩定度與韌性方面的應用策略進行研究與分析。因此，本論文提出的經濟調度模型具備能量型電池式儲能系統，其在淨負載的尖峰與低谷進行輔助儲能與釋能，避免再生能源發電系統發生棄電的情況。接續，將電池式儲能系統的頻率調節策略進行頻率響應分析。根據頻率響應分析結果，本論文提出兩種優化虛擬慣性控制策略的方法，並將提出的策略基於WECC二代通用模型與外部程式語言進行設計。基於台灣離島實際的電力系統背景與假設的再生能源裝置容量，對於提出的經濟調度模型與兩種優化的虛擬慣性控制策略進行驗證。根據模擬結果，評估了傳統慣性控制策略與兩種新穎慣性策略的限制頻率變化率、頻率最低點與頻率恢復方面的能力。最終，提出的新穎虛擬慣性控制策略解決了傳統虛擬慣性控制策略的頻率調節能力不足之處。提出的頻率響應分析結果、經濟調度模型與策略的動態模型可以幫助電力運營商設計高滲透率再生能源電網運行削峰填谷與虛擬慣性控制策略，以提高再生能源的利用率，以及系統的頻率穩定度與韌性。

In recent years, many countries have set carbon reduction and net-zero goals to promote energy transformation. A large number of inverter-based resources are added to the power system, which will cause changes in the grid structure in the future. In the structure of the future new grid, new ancillary service systems and strategies need to be added to ensure that the new grid maintains the frequency stability and reliability under the energy transformation and net-zero goals.
The battery energy storage system has the ability to respond quickly, and combined with the energy management system, provides diversified auxiliary service strategies for the new grid, effectively improving the frequency stability and reliability of the new grid. This paper mainly studies and analyzes the application strategies of battery energy storage systems in the frequency stability and reliability of high-penetration renewable energy grids. Therefore, the economic dispatch model proposed in this paper has an energy-based battery energy storage system, which assists in storage energy and release energy during the peaks and valleys of the net load to avoid power curtailment in the renewable energy power generation system. Next, conduct frequency response analysis on the frequency regulation strategy of the battery energy storage system. According to the frequency response analysis results, this paper proposes two methods to optimize the virtual inertia control strategy, and designs the proposed strategies based on the WECC second-generation general model and external programming language. Based on the actual power system background of Taiwan's offshore islands and the assumed conditions, the proposed economic dispatch model and two optimized virtual inertia control strategies are verified. According to the simulation results, the capabilities of RoCoF limitation, frequency nadir, and frequency recovery are evaluated in the proposed strategies. The proposed frequency response analysis results, economic dispatch model and dynamic model of the strategy can help power operators design peak-shaving and valley-filling and virtual inertia control strategies for high-penetration renewable energy grid operations to improve the utilization of renewable energy and stability of the system.

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