在推動綠能產業發展時，無論政府、金融機構或是開發商會因為錯估綠色產業風險，使得綠能開發進展不如預期。本文分兩個面向來討論再生能源的發展議題，首先，本研究運用層次分析法對臺灣再生能源風險進行分析，再者，採用文獻分析法，探討金融科技、眾資等多元化的融資管道，成爲發展綠色能源產業的新興金融工具；並為了探究我國發展再生能源，除了透過國際合作及法律鬆綁之外，另一個主要風險，也就是公民意識與接受度風險，為此，將聚焦在新興發展工具(公民電廠) ，藉由國際案例以及了解我國發展概況，做為降低社會接受風險，進而促使發展再生能源。

When promoting the development of green energy industry, whether the government, financial institutions or developers would misevaluate the risks of green energy industry and make the progress of green energy development less than expected. This paper is divided into two aspects to discuss the development of renewable energy issues. Firstly, this study uses AHP to analyze the risks of renewable energy in Taiwan. Secondly, it uses literature analysis to explore the diversified financing channels such as financial technology and crowdfunding, which have become the emerging financial tools for the development of green energy industry, and to explore the development of renewable energy in our country, besides through international cooperation and legal restrictions, another major risk, is the citizen awareness and acceptance of risk, therefore, will focus on the development of emerging tools citizens (Community Renewable Energy Project), by the international cases and understand the development situation of our country as a socially acceptable risk reduction, prompting the development of renewable energy.

Abraham, M. A. (2006) Chapter 1 Principles of sustainable engineering. Sustainability Science and Engineering, 1, pp. 3-10.
Ahmad, N., G., Simons, R., and Berg, D. (2006), The Integration of Analytical Hierarchy Process and Data Envelopment Analysis in a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Problem. International Journal of Information Technology and Decision Making. 5(2), 263–276.
Allenby, B.; Allen, D.; Davidson, C. (2007) Sustainable engineering: From myth to mechanism, Environmental Quality Management, 17, pp. 17–26.
Bloomberg. New Energy Outlook 2020, https://about.bnef.com/new-energy-outlook/ (accessed 13 Dec 2020).
Bocken, N, Rana, P.; Short. S. (2015). Value Mapping for Sustainable Business Thinking, Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 32(1), pp. 67-81.
Bonzanini, D., Giudici, G., Patrucco, A. (2016) Chapter 21 - The Crowdfunding of Renewable Energy Projects. In Handbook of Environmental and Sustainable Finance; Ramiah, V., Gregoriou, G.N., Eds.; Academic Press: San Diego; pp. 429–444 ISBN 9780128036150.
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method, Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), pp. 27-40.
Brodny, J., and Tutak, M. (2021). The analysis of similarities between the European Union countries in terms of the level and structure of the emissions of selected gases and air pollutants into the atmosphere. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021. 279, 10.
Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research (2018). “A Survey on the Development Risks of Green Energy Industry in Taiwan” https://finance.ettoday.net/news/1334223 (accessed 13 Dec 2020).
Community wind power. (2020). Citizen's windmill, http://www.h-greenfund.jp/citizn/citizn.html (accessed 13 July 2020).
Corrocher, N., Cappa, E. (2020) The Role of public interventions in inducing private climate finance: An empirical analysis of the solar energy sector. Energy Policy 147, 111787, doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111787.
Criscuolo, C., and Menon, C. Environmental policies and risk finance in the green sector: cross-country evidence. Energy Policy. 2015. 83, 38–56.
Daan, R. (2018) The Smog Free Project.www.kickstarter.com/projects/1777606920 /the-smog-free-tower (accessed 13 July 2020).
Elkington, J. B. (1997) Cannibals with Forks: The Triple Bottom Line of 21st Century Business Capstone Publishing, Oxford.
Galema, R., Plantinga, A.; B. Scholtens. (2008) The Stocks at Stake: Return and Risk in Socially Responsible Investment, Journal of Banking and Finance, 32(12), pp. 2646-2654.
Ghasempour, R.; Nazari, M.A.; Ebrahimi, M.; Ahmadi, M.H.; Hadiyanto, H. Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Approach for Selecting Solar Plants Site and Technology: A Review. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 2019, 8.
Greenpeace Energy. (2020) Energy Cooperative with a Mission. available at: https://www.greenpeaceenergy.de/fileadmin/docs/sonstiges/GPE_Profile_EN.pdf (accessed 13 July 2020).
Guenster, N.; R. Bauer, J. Derwall.; K. Koedijk. (2011) The Economic Value of Corporate Eco-Efficiency, European Financial Management, 17(4), pp. 679-704.
Hafner, S.; Jones, A., Anger-Kraavi, A. (2020) Pohl, J. Closing the green finance gap – A systems perspective. Environmental In-novation and Societal Transitions, 34, pp. 26–60, doi:10.1016/j.eist.2019.11.007.
Haščič, I,. Rodríguez, M.C., Jachnik, R., Silva, J. (2015) "Public Interventions and Private Climate Finance Flows: Empirical Ev-idence from Renewable Energy Financing", OECD Environment Working Papers, No. 80, OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5js6b1r9lfd4-en.
Healy, N.; J. Barry. (2017) Politicizing energy justice and energy system transitions, fossil fuel divestment and a ‘just transition’, Energy Policy, 108, pp. 451–459.
Hirst, P. (1994). Associative democracy, new forms of economic and social governance. Polity Press, 19.
Hoffmann S. M.; A. High Pippert. (2015) Community solar programs and the democratization of the energy system. In: Proceedings of the european consortium for political research; Montreal, QC, Canada, 26–29 August 2015. Available at: https://ecpr.eu/Filestore/PaperProposal/8ac09b8b-ed6e-4798-b1ed-6975c7172230.pdf. [Accessed 30 June 2020].
Jens H. M. Larsen. (2005) Hans Christian Soerensen.; Erik Christiansen.; Stefan Naef, Per Vølund. Experiences from Middelgrunden 40 MW Offshore Wind Farm. Copenhagen Offshore Wind, October 26-28.
Jiang, Z., Lyu, P., Ye, L., Zhou, Y.W. (2020) Green innovation transformation, economic sustainability and energy consumption during China’s new normal stage. Journal of Cleaner Production. 273, 123044, doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123044
Kaya, İ.; Çolak, M.; Terzi, F. Use of MCDM techniques for energy policy and decision-making problems: A review. International Journal of Energy Reseaech 2018, 42, 2344–2372, doi:10.1002/er.4016.
Lam, P.T.I., Law, A.O.K. (2016) Crowdfunding for renewable and sustainable energy projects: An exploratory case study ap-proach. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2016, 60, 11–20, doi:10.1016/j.rser. 01.046
Laws and Regulations Database of The Republic of China (2019), Renewable Energy Development Act. (accessed 20 March 2021).
Lederer, M., Wallbott, L., and Bauer, S. Tracing sustainability transformations and drivers of Green Economy approaches in the Global South. Journal of Environment and Development. 2018. 27(1), 3–25.
Migendt, M., Polzin, F., Schock, F., Täube, F., and Flotow, P. Beyond venture capital: an exploratory study of the finance innovation policy nexus in cleantech. Industrial and Corporate Change, 2017, 26 (6), 973–996.
New Urban Energy. (2020) Grenoble’s energy master plan: less waste, more renewable, available at: http://www.cityzen-smartcity.eu/grenobles-energy-master-plan-less-waste-more-renewable/ (accessed 13 July 2020).
Ning, Y., Wang, W.; B. Yu, (2015) The driving forces of venture capital investments. Small Business Economics. 44(2)., 315–344.
Noothout P, de Jager D, Tesniere L, van Rooijen S, Nikolaos K, Bruckmann R,Jirous F, Breitschopf B, Angelopoulos D, Doukas H, Konstantinaviciute I, Resch G. (2016) The impact of risks in renewable energy investments and the role of smart policies. DiaCore Project Final Report.
Origis Energy. (2020) Innovative Solutions for High Performing Solar Energy Assets, available at: https://www.origisenergy.com/solar-projects/ (accessed 13 July 2020).
Pegels, A., Vidican-Auktor, G., Lutkenhorst, W., and Altenburg, T. Politics of Green Energy Policy. Journal of Environment and Development. 2018. 27(1), 26–45
Plattform Energie. (2015) Market integration and the development of wind power cooperatives in Denmark lessons learned for Germany , available at: https://www.iasspotsdam.de/sites/default/files/files/20150217_market_integration_gotchev.pdf (pp. 2).
Raiffeisenbank eG Scharrel. (2013) Saterland wind farm, available at: https://www.rbscharrel.de/wir-fuer-sie/engagement/windenergie-in-buergerhand/windpark-saterland.html (accessed 13 July 2020).
Saaty, T. L. (1980) The Analytic Hierarchy Process”, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Saaty, T. L. and Vargas, L. G. (1982) The Logic of Priorities: Applications in Business, Energy, Health, and Transportation., Kluwer Nijhoff Publishing, Boston.
Saaty, T. L. and Vargas, L. G. (1991) Prediction, Projection and Forecasting in Applications of the Analytical Hierarchy Process in Economics, Finance, Politics, Games and Sports.
Sarkar, M., and Sarkar, B. (2020) How does an industry reduce waste and consumed energy within a multi-stage smart sustainable biofuel production system? Journal of Cleaner Production. 262,20.
Sarkar, M., Kim, S., Jemai, J., Ganguly, B. and Sarkar, B. (2019) An Application of Time-Dependent Holding Costs and System Reliability in a Multi-Item Sustainable Economic Energy Efficient Reliable Manufacturing System. Energies. 12, 2857.
Schueth, S. (2003). Socially responsible investing in the United States, Journal of Business Ethics, 3(3), pp. 189-194.
Taghizadeh-Hesary, F., Yoshino, N. (2019) The way to induce private participation in green finance and investment. Finance Research Letters. 31, pp. 98–103, doi:10.1016/j.frl.2019.04.016.
Taghizadeh-Hesary, F., Yoshino, N. (2020) Sustainable Solutions for Green Financing and Investment in Renewable Energy Projects. Energies.13, 788, doi:10.3390/en13040788.
Taiwan News. (2020). Taiwan to boost renewable energy to 20% by 2025, introduce trillion-dollar investment. https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3880997 (accessed 13 July 2020).
Tutak, M., Brodny, J., Siwiec, D., Ulewicz, R., and Bindzár, P. (2020) Studying the Level of Sustainable Energy Development of the European Union Countries and Their Similarity Based on the Economic and Demographic Potential. Energies. 13, 6643.
UN Environment/WBG Roadmap Team. Roadmap for a sustainable financial system. 2017.10.
UN Environment/WBG Roadmap Team. Roadmap for a sustainable financial system. 2017.13.
Van Veelen, B.; D. Van der Horst. (2018). What is energy democracy? Connecting social science energy research and political theory, Energy Research Society Science, 46, pp. 19–28.
Vismara, S. (2019). Sustainability in Equity Crowdfunding, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 141(2), pp. 98-106.
Wu, S., Yao, X.; G. Wu, (2020). Environmental Investment Decision of Green Supply Chain considering the Green Uncertainty. Complexity, 13.
Yoshino, N., Taghizadeh–Hesary, F., Nakahigashi, M. (2019) Modelling the social funding and spill-over tax for addressing the green energy financing gap. Economic Modelling, 77, pp. 34–41, doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2018.11.018