回收再升級是一種將老舊的物品賦予新的外觀、功能的方法，在國外常被創作者回收再升級的原料就是木質傢俱，這樣的材質可以很輕易的讓創作者加工或裁切，透過他們自身的改造經驗以及創作靈感並發布到網路上，讓更多人注意到其實很多的傢俱都是可以再升級。這陣自行改造風潮也飄進國內，然而對於大多數人來說是沒有改造環境以及能力，雖然有社區開始提供公共空間與器材，但傢俱回收的設計和構思仍然是非常困難的課題。

在本文中，我們介紹了Upcycle-Chic，這是一個視覺化的設計環境，允許使用者查看舊傢俱可能的升級回收解決方案，並探索不同的設計變化，而這些可能的解決方案是基於從專業人士和業餘創作者傢俱製造商共享的網絡和書籍上的1000多個例子中產生的設計策略。通過設計競賽和DIY實作，我們展示了Upcycle-Chic在幫助新手創作者提出設計解決方案具備有效性和實用性。

Upcycling design seeks solutions to repurpose existing furniture with new spatial, aesthetic, or functional values, which provides both financial and environmental benefits. However, design and ideation for furniture upcycling is extremely hard for most people in the current maker community without a strong design background. In this paper, we present Upcycle-Chic, a design and visualization environment that allows a user to view possible upcycling solutions for a given piece of old furniture and explore varying design variations. These possible solutions are generated based on design strategies drawn from over 1000 examples on web and books shared by professionals and hobbyist furniture makers. Through a design competition and a DIY workshop, we demonstrated the effectiveness and usefulness of Upcycle-Chic in helping novice designers come up with insightful design solutions.

[1] 40 awesome makeovers: Clever ways with tutorials to repurpose old furniture. http://www.foliver.com/diy/40-awesome-makeovers-clever-ways-with-tutorials-to-repurpose-old-furniture/.
[2] 40 awesome makeovers: Clever ways with tutorials to repurpose old furniture. http://www.foliver.com/diy/40-awesome-makeovers-clever-ways-with-tutorials-to-repurpose-old-furniture/22/.
[3] 40 awesome makeovers: Clever ways with tutorials to repurpose old furniture. http://www.foliver.com/diy/40-awesome-makeovers-clever-ways-with-tutorials-to-repurpose-old-furniture/6/.
[4] 5 diy trash can cabinet projects. http://www.diyhowto.org/diy-trash-can-cabinet-projects/.
[5] create storage space. http://www.coco01.today/post/420903.
[6] Fabulous furniture makeovers. https://www.bhg.com/decorating/makeovers/furniture-makeovers/fabulous-furniture-makeovers/?slide=slide_67347#slide_67347.
[7] kallax regal eckbank. https://picsrooms.online/kallax-regal-eckbank/.
[8] Openjscad. https://openjscad.org/, Last retrieved on April 5th, 2019.
[9] Thingiverse. https://www.thingiverse.com/, Last retrieved on April 5th, 2019.
[10] Threejs. https://threejs.org/, Last retrieved on April 5th, 2019.
[11] Pinterest. https://www.pinterest.com/, Last retrieved on Sep 20th, 2018.
[12] Fraser Anderson, Tovi Grossman, and George Fitzmaurice. Trigger-action-circuits: Leveraging generative design to enable novices to design and build circuitry. In Proceedings of the 30th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST ’17, pages 331–342, New York, NY, USA, 2017. ACM.
[13] AndriiHeonia. Hull. https://github.com/AndriiHeonia/hull, Last retrieved on April 5th, 2019.
[14] Xiang ’Anthony’ Chen, Stelian Coros, and Scott E. Hudson. Medley: A library of embeddables to explore rich material properties for 3d printed objects. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI’18, pages 162:1–162:12, New York, NY, USA, 2018. ACM.
[15] Xiang ’Anthony’ Chen, Stelian Coros, Jennifer Mankoff, and Scott E. Hudson. Encore: 3d printed augmentation of everyday objects with printed-over, affixed and interlocked attachments. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology, UIST ’15, pages 73–82, New York, NY, USA, 2015. ACM.
[16] Xiang ’Anthony’ Chen, Jeeeun Kim, Jennifer Mankoff, Tovi Grossman, Stelian Coros, and Scott E. Hudson. Reprise: A design tool for specifying, generating, and customizing 3d printable adaptations on everyday objects. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST ’16, pages 29–39, New York, NY, USA, 2016. ACM.
[17] Xiang ’Anthony’ Chen, Ye Tao, Guanyun Wang, Runchang Kang, Tovi Grossman, Stelian Coros, and Scott E. Hudson. Forte: User-driven generative design. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI ’18, pages 496:1–496:12, New York, NY, USA, 2018. ACM.
[18] Christy. repurposed-chair. https://www.confessionsofaserialdiyer.com/repurposed-chair/.
[19] Diane Davidson. Rast dresser turned into desk. https://www.ikeahackers.net/2015/08/rast-dresser-desk.html.
[20] BHG Decorating. Better home garden decorating. https://www.bhg.com/decorating/, Last retrieved on Sep 20th, 2018.
[21] Vladimir Alves dos Passos and Takeo Igarashi. Landsketch: A first person point-ofviewexample-based terrain modeling approach. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling, SBIM ’13, pages 61–68, New York, NY, USA, 2013. ACM.
[22] Megan Duesterhaus. 3 strategies for updating thrift store finds! https://girlinthegarage.net/2014/08/weathered-bench-makeover-chalk-paint/, Last retrieved on Sep. 20th, 2018.
[23] Thomas Funkhouser, Michael Kazhdan, Philip Shilane, Patrick Min,William Kiefer, Ayellet Tal, Szymon Rusinkiewicz, and David Dobkin. Modeling by example. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers, SIGGRAPH ’04, pages 652–663, New York, NY, USA, 2004. ACM.
[24] Martino Gampe. 100 chairs in 100 days. http://martinogamper.com/project/a-100-chairs-in-a-100-days/.
[25] Gilbert. The future of design is upcycling. https://www.upcycledzine.com/the-future-of-design-isupcycling/, Last retrieved on April 5th, 2019.
[26] B. Hartmann, S. Doorley, and S. R. Klemmer. Hacking, mashing, gluing: Understandingopportunistic design. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 7(3):46–54, July 2008.
[27] Diane Henkler. Ikea dresser makerover. https://inmyownstyle.com/hacked-ikea-dresser-makeover-into-a-rolling-desk.html#comments, Last retrieved on April 5th, 2019.
[28] Steve Hoge. Bedside table from stacked lack. https://www.ikeahackers.net/2016/01/bedside-table-stacked-lack.html.
[29] Takeo Igarashi, Takeo Igarashi, and John F. Hughes. A suggestive interface for 3d drawing. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses, SIGGRAPH ’06, New York, NY, USA, 2006. ACM.
[30] Jami. How to make a french-style bench from old chairs. https://anoregoncottage.com/make-french-styled-bench-from-old-chairs/.
[31] Jen. Vintage white chair - themed furnituremakeover. https://girlinthegarage.net/2016/01/vintage-white-chair-makeover-themed-furniture/.
[32] Jen. weathered bench makeover with chalk paint. https://girlinthegarage.net/2014/08/weathered-bench-makeover-chalk-paint/.
[33] Rubaiat Habib Kazi, Tovi Grossman, Hyunmin Cheong, Ali Hashemi, and George Fitzmaurice. Dreamsketch: Early stage 3d design explorations with sketching and generative design. In Proceedings of the 30th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST ’17, pages 401–414, New York, NY, USA, 2017. ACM.
[34] Yuki Koyama, Shinjiro Sueda, Emma Steinhardt, Takeo Igarashi, Ariel Shamir, and Wojciech Matusik. Autoconnect: Computational design of 3d-printable connectors. ACM Trans. Graph., 34(6):231:1–231:11, October 2015.
[35] Kristine. Re-love project before and after. http://thepaintedhive.net/2014/07/re-love-project-before-after/.
[36] Brian Lee, Savil Srivastava, Ranjitha Kumar, Ronen Brafman, and Scott R. Klemmer. Designing with interactive example galleries. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI ’10, pages 2257–2266, New York, NY, USA, 2010. ACM.
[37] Yuwei Li, Xi Luo, Youyi Zheng, Pengfei Xu, and Hongbo Fu. Sweepcanvas: Sketchbased 3d prototyping on an rgb-d image. In Proceedings of the 30th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST ’17, pages 387–399, New York, NY, USA, 2017. ACM.
[38] Virginie Manuel. Restoring and Refinishing Furniture: An Illustrated Guide to Revitalizing Your Home. Skyhorse Publishing, 2015.
[39] Justin Matejka, Michael Glueck, Erin Bradner, Ali Hashemi, Tovi Grossman, and George Fitzmaurice. Dream lens: Exploration and visualization of large-scale generative design datasets. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI ’18, pages 369:1–369:12, New York, NY, USA, 2018. ACM.
[40] Max McMurdo. Upcycling: 20 Creative Projects Made From Reclaimed Materials. Jacqui Small, 2018.
[41] Paul Merrell, Eric Schkufza, Zeyang Li, Maneesh Agrawala, and Vladlen Koltun. Interactive furniture layout using interior design guidelines. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2011 Papers, SIGGRAPH ’11, pages 87:1–87:10, New York, NY, USA, 2011. ACM.
[42] Lora Oehlberg, Wesley Willett, and Wendy E. Mackay. Patterns of physical design remixing in online maker communities. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI ’15, pages 639–648, New York, NY, USA, 2015. ACM.
[43] Osagaz. 27 truques impressionantes para aproveitar gavetas velhas. https://www.osagaz.com.br/arrumacao/, Last retrieved on April 5th, 2019.
[44] Beth Phillips. desk home ideas. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/748019819330220688/.
[45] Raf Ramakers, Fraser Anderson, Tovi Grossman, and George Fitzmaurice. Retrofab: A design tool for retrofitting physical interfaces using actuators, sensors and 3d printing. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI ’16, pages 409–419, New York, NY, USA, 2016. ACM.
[46] Facebook Community: Recycling and Upcycling Design. https://www.facebook.com/RecyclingUpcyclingDesign/?ref=br_rs, Last retrieved onSep 20th, 2018.
[47] Thijs Jan Roumen, Willi Müller, and Patrick Baudisch. Grafter: Remixing 3dprinted machines. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI ’18, pages 63:1–63:12, New York, NY, USA, 2018. ACM.
[48] Adriana Schulz, Ariel Shamir, David I. W. Levin, Pitchaya Sitthi-amorn, and Wojciech Matusik. Design and fabrication by example. ACM Trans. Graph., 33(4):62:1–62:11, July 2014.
[49] Tianjia Shao, Dongping Li, Yuliang Rong, Changxi Zheng, and Kun Zhou. Dynamic furniture modeling through assembly instructions. ACM Trans. Graph., 35(6):172:1–172:15, November 2016.
[50] Peng Song, Chi-Wing Fu, Yueming Jin, Hongfei Xu, Ligang Liu, Pheng-Ann Heng, and Daniel Cohen-Or. Reconfigurable interlocking furniture. ACM Trans. Graph., 36(6):174:1–174:14, November 2017.
[51] Amanda Swearngin, Mira Dontcheva, Wilmot Li, Joel Brandt, Morgan Dixon, and Andrew J. Ko. Rewire: Interface design assistance from examples. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI ’18, pages 504:1–504:12, New York, NY, USA, 2018. ACM.
[52] Alexander Teibrich, Stefanie Mueller, François Guimbretière, Robert Kovacs, Stefan Neubert, and Patrick Baudisch. Patching physical objects. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology, UIST ’15, pages 83–91, New York, NY, USA, 2015. ACM.
[53] Cesar Torres and Eric Paulos. Metamorphe: Designing expressive 3d models for digital fabrication. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM SIGCHI Conference on Creativity and Cognition, C&C ’15, pages 73–82, New York, NY, USA, 2015. ACM.
[54] Steve Tsang, Ravin Balakrishnan, Karan Singh, and Abhishek Ranjan. A suggestive interface for image guided 3d sketching. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI ’04, pages 591–598, New York, NY, USA, 2004. ACM.
[55] Nobuyuki Umetani, Takeo Igarashi, and Niloy J. Mitra. Guided exploration of physically valid shapes for furniture design. ACM Trans. Graph., 31(4):86:1–86:11, July 2012.
[56] Lixiu Yu and Jeffrey V. Nickerson. Cooks or cobblers?: Crowd creativity through combination. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI ’11, pages 1393–1402, New York, NY, USA, 2011. ACM.