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研究生: 張柏駿
Po-Chun Chang
論文名稱: 電子紙顯示器長時間閱讀績效與視覺疲勞之研究
Reading performance and visual fatigue when using electronic paper displays in long-duration reading tasks under various lighting conditions
指導教授: 周碩彥
Shuo-Yan Chou
謝光進
Kong-King Shieh
口試委員: 紀佳芬
Chia-Fen Chi
許總欣
Tsung-Shin Hsu
鐘崑仁
Kun-Jen Chung
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 工業管理系
Department of Industrial Management
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 86
中文關鍵詞: 電子紙顯示器視覺績效視覺疲勞環境照度光源
外文關鍵詞: electronic paper display, visual performance, visual fatigue, ambient illuminance, light source
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  • 本研究探討了環境照度(200,500,1000LX)和光源(TL84螢光燈和D65日光燈)下使用不同的電子紙顯示器(Amazon Kindle DX,Sony Reader PRS- 700,iRex 1000S)對閱讀績效和視覺疲勞影響。電子紙顯示器的閱讀也被拿來與紙張閱讀作比較。在實驗一,一百位受試者參加了閱讀實驗,實驗中三種電子紙顯示器的顯示區域被控制為一致。總的來說,實驗一結果指出受試者的視覺績效在不同電子紙顯示器,環境照度和光源組合上無統計上顯著差異。在三種類型的電子紙顯示了類似的閱讀績效,無論是閱讀速度和理解正確率皆無顯著差異。而與紙張相比,紙張對於視覺疲勞的影響較電子紙顯示器為低。
    在實驗二中,另外六十位受試者進行了同樣的閱讀任務,三種電子紙顯示器被設定為全螢幕顯示,實驗二結果指出閱讀速度在不同電子紙顯示器與不同環境照度下有顯著不同,螢幕較小的電子紙顯示器有較慢的閱讀速度,而閱讀速度隨著環境照度增加而變快。環境照度對閃光融合閾值的改變有顯著影響。至於實驗結果如何在電子紙的使用上應用也在文中討論。


    In this study, the effects of ambient illuminance and light source on participants’ reading performance and visual fatigue during a long reading task were investigated using three electronic paper displays. Reading on electronic paper displays was also compared with reading on paper. In Experiment 1, 100 participants performed a reading task where the display area for the text was equated for the displays. The results indicated that participants’ visual performance and visual fatigue did not differ significantly among different electronic paper displays, ambient illuminance conditions, or light sources. In Experiment 2, another 60 participants performed the same reading task where the full screen of each electronic paper display was used to present the text. The results showed that reading speed differed significantly across different electronic paper displays and ambient illuminance levels. The reading speed was slower for displays with smaller screens and increased as the ambient illuminance increased. Changes in the critical flicker fusion frequency significantly differed across ambient illuminance levels. Implications of the results for the use of electronic paper displays are discussed.

    摘要 I 誌謝 III 目錄 IIV 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 研究目的 8 1.3 研究限制 9 1.4 研究架構 10 第二章 文獻探討 12 2.1 電子紙的技術興起背景 14 2.2 電子紙的發展與技術原理 16 2.2.1 蓋銳岡(Gyricon)系統原理 17 2.2.2 微膠囊電泳技術原理 18 2.3 電子墨水的主要效能優勢 19 2.3.1 像紙一般的可讀性 21 2.3.2 極低的電力損耗 24 2.3.3 極易於攜帶與輕薄 25 2.3.4 最佳的移動式顯示器解決方法 26 2.4 螢幕的可讀性與能辨度 27 2.5 視覺顯示器與視覺作業的人因議題 28 2.5.1 視覺顯示器種類 29 2.5.2 CRT與LCD的研究比較 29 2.5.3 電子紙顯示器的研究 31 2.6 影響視覺績效與主觀偏好的因素 34 2.6.1 亮度對比的研究 35 2.6.2 環境照明對VDT工作之影響 36 2.7 視覺疲勞衡量指標之研究 38 2.7.1 視覺過程 39 2.7.2 視覺疲勞主觀評量 39 2.8 小結 43 第三章 實驗一:電子紙顯示器的光源、環境照明對閱讀績效與視覺疲勞 44 3.1 前言 44 3.2 研究方法 44 3.2.1 實驗設計 44 3.2.2 受試者 47 3.2.3 實驗器材 47 3.2.4 VDT 工作站 48 3.2.5 實驗程序 50 3.2.6 因變數量測與資料分析 51 3.3 結果 53 3.3.1 視覺績效 53 3.3.1.1 閱讀時間 53 3.3.1.2 理解正確率 53 3.3.2視覺疲勞 54 3.3.2.1 CFF的變化 54 3.3.2.2視覺疲勞主觀評量 55 3.4 小結 55 第四章 實驗二:環境照明與電子紙螢幕種類對視覺績效與視覺疲勞的影響 57 4.1 前言 57 4.2 研究方法 58 4.2.1 實驗設計 59 4.2.2 受試者 60 4.2.3 實驗器材 60 4.2.4 VDT工作站 60 4.2.5 實驗程序 60 4.2.6 因變數量測與資料分析 61 4.3 結果 62 4.3.1 視覺績效 63 4.3.1.1 閱讀時間 63 4.3.1.2 理解正確率 66 3.3.2視覺疲勞 66 4.3.2.1 CFF的變化 66 4.3.2.2視覺疲勞主觀評量 68 4.4 討論討論與小結 68 第五章 結論與建議 72 5.1結論 72 5.2建議 73 5.3未來研究方向 73 中文文獻 75 英文文獻 75 附錄1 實驗一、二 電子紙顯示器的視覺績效與視覺疲勞 指示語 84 附錄2 視覺疲勞主觀評量表 85

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