近年來由於全球暖化、溫室效應、且面臨能源短缺下，對於如何減少二氧化碳及如何節能已列入重要議題，隨著綠能科技蓬勃發展，綠色能源更受到相當關注，愈來愈多人投入綠能領域的研究。然而為了減碳節能及照明健康，近年已有許多研究著重在無光電轉換的太陽集光系統，其概念為透過日光蒐集系統將太陽光直接導入室內做為照明使用，國內自然導光照明系統(NLIS)及德國的光導管等技術; 在這些技術中，自然導光照明系統有著容易施工及安裝於建築物上，並可獲取自然光進入室內進行照明，因此許多自然光照明元件被創造與開發，並朝向高效率方向研究。

自然導光照明系統(NLIS)包含了三個子系統:集光系統，傳光系統，以及放光系統。其中集光子系統部份，稜鏡結構元件稱為”導光磚”可收集太陽光，並可將其貼合於建築的外表上，在子系統之間的連接也關係著整個自然光照明系統的效率，在本論文中針對集光與傳光間的耦合做研究，論文中提出新的耦合器能節省75%的光纖使用，與原有的設計比較，加入新的耦合方式更能提升47%的效率，另外針對集光與傳光間的耦合方式，論文中也提出另一種利用自由曲面來設計耦合器，此方式能讓集光系統與傳光系統間的耦合效率提升到50%以上。

如何落實自然導光系統從實驗階段到照明系統可被施工及安裝於建築物上，並擷取自然光進入室內進行照明上仍是最大課題，在本論文中將實際於建物上建構一自然導光系統於台灣科技大學，並以三個建構專案為例，從地理環境分析，建物評估，系統設計，元件建模，系統安裝，至完整的自然導光系統測試，一系列自然導光系統的模擬，建構，量測，研究分析於此論文中，盼能更加優化於下一代的系統之中。

Currently, carbon dioxide reduction and energy-saving are the most critical issues. For more efficient improvement, many research focus on daylight system without opto-electronic conversion. A daylight system called “Natural Light Illumination System”. Its main component named as “optical bricks” and it could be tile on the outsides of buildings for daylight collection. In this dissertation, a completed NLIS structure will be researched for evaluation and verification. The construction and installation of NLIS system will be analyzed in the detail. Three real construction projects will assist to understand on construction and installation of NLIS.

NLIS guide daylight into the indoor. However the light distribution is disordered. An optical coupling structure was proposed for solving the issue. In this research, a high efficiency concentrator coupled with a transmission module was provided. 75% of optical fiber usage was reduced and improve efficiency 47.46%. Two solar concentrator modules with one using plane mirrors and the other employing a free-form mirror were designed for improving the concentrator efficiency. Simulation results show that the free-form mirror design has better performance than the plane mirror. The reflection efficiency of the solar concentrator module could be improved 52.38%.

A construction of NLIS system was analyzed. Green building and relevant code of construction was explored. The evaluation and verification of NLIS modules were researched. Building environments evaluation, NLIS installation and artificial lighting system were simulated. A serial of real NLIS construction was analyzed and verification. The measurement results also were compared with simulation. A completed evaluation and construction of NLIS was verified and introduced in this dissertation. A worth value of experience of installation and construction for NLIS was provided by this research.

[1] JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 4, 063118 (2012) - A new static lighting concentrator with optical coupler
[2] Deffeyes K. S., " Hubbert’s peak: the impending world oil shortage," American Journal of Physics, (2004).
[3] O'Callaghan PW., "Energy resources, CO2 production and energy conservation,"Applied Energy, 44(2), 65-91 (1993).
[4] Buran B, Butler L, Currano A, Smith E, Tung W, Cleveland K, Buxton C, Lam D, Obler T, Rais-Bahrami S, Stryker, and Herold K., "Environmental benefits of implementing alternative energy technologies in developing countries," Applied Energy, 76 (1), 89-100 (2003).
[5] Wohlgemuth N, and Wojtkowska-odej G., "Policies for the promotion of renewable energy in Poland," Applied Energy, 76(1), 111-21 (2003).
[6] Nomura N, and Akai M., "Willingness to pay for green electricity in Japan as estimated through contingent valuation method," Applied Energy, 78(4), 453-63 (2004).
[7] Ponta FL, and Jacovkis PM, "Marine-current power generation by diffuser-augmented floating hydro-turbines," Renewable Energy, 33(4), 665-73 (2008).
[8] Yoshida S., "Performance of downwind turbines in complex terrains," Wind Engineering,30(6),487-502 (2006).
[9] Deffeyes KS. Hubbert’s Peak: The Impending World Oil Shortage. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008.
[10] Whang, A. J.W.1.2.3, Jhan, “The Freeform collimating lens designed for light transmission” 1. Deffeyes, Kenneth S., and Mark P. Silverman. "Hubbert's peak: the impending world oil shortage." American Journal of Physics 72.1 (2004).
[11] Bouchet B, Fontoynont M. Daylighting of underground spaces: design rules. Energy and Buildings 1996; 23: 293–298.
[12] Martin KL. An overview of daylighting systems. Solar Energy 2002; 73: 77–82.
[13] AJW Whang PhDa,b, CH Chou MSca, SM Chao MSca, YC Chen MSca, CM Lin MSca, Lighting Res. Technol. 2015; Vol. 47: 236–242 “An innovative Fresnel type concentrator based on a macro-parabola”
[14] Grant A., Johnstone C., and Kelly N., "Urban wind energy conversion: The potential of ducted turbines," Renewable Energy, 33(6), 1157-63 (2008).
[15] Zhou W., Yang H., and Fang Z., "Battery behavior prediction and battery working states analysis of a hybrid solar-wind power generation system," Renewable Energy, 33(6), 1413-23 (2008).
[16] Elamouri M., and Ben Amar F., "Wind energy potential in Tunisia," Renewable Energy, 33(4),2008).
[17] Carlo C. Jaeger and Julia Jaeger, “Three Views of Two Degrees,” Reg Environ Change, Vol. 11, pp. S15–S26 (2011).
[18] Buran B, Butler L, Currano A, Smith E, Tung W, Cleveland K, Buxton C, Lam D, Obler T, Rais-Bahrami S, Stryker, and Herold K., "Environmental benefits of implementing alternative energy technologies in developing countries," Applied Energy, 76 (1), 89-100 (2003).
[19] Wohlgemuth N, and Wojtkowska-odej G., "Policies for the promotion of renewable energy in Poland," Applied Energy, 76(1), 111-21 (2003).
[20] Nomura N, and Akai M., "Willingness to pay for green electricity in Japan as estimated through contingent valuation method," Applied Energy, 78(4), 453-63 (2004).
[21] Alternative Energy. Available from: http://www.altenergy.org/renewables/solar.html.
[22] L. M. Fraas, W. R. Pyle, and P. R. Ryason, “Concentrated and piped sunlight for indoor illumination,” Applied Optics, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 578–582 (1983).
[23] Chirarattananon S., Chaiwiwatworakul P., and Pattanasethanon S., "Daylight Availability and Models for Global and Diffuse Horizontal Illuminance and Irradiance for Bangkok," Renewable Energy, 26(1), 69–89 (2002).
[24] Krarti M., Erickson P., and Hillman T. C., "A Simplified Method to Estimate Energy Savings of Artificial Lighting Use From Daylighting," BuildEnviron, 40(6), 747–54 (2005).
[25] Ossa DAG A., Walsh T., and Simon L. N., "Sustainable Building Technical Manual: Green Building, Design, Construction and Operations," US: Public Technology Inc. (1996).
[26] He W, Chow TT, Ji J, Lu J, Pei G, and Chan LS., "Hybrid photovoltaic and thermal solar-collector designed for natural circulation of water," Applied Energy, 83(3), 199-210 (2006).
[27] Gomez-Amo JL, Tena F, Martinez-Lozano JA, and Utrillas MP., "Energy saving and solar energy use in the University of Valencia (Spain)," Renewable Energy, 29(5), 675-85 (2004).
[28]Palz, Wolfgang, [Solar electricity: An economic approach to solar energy], UNESCO Butterworth & Co Ltd., London UK, (1978).
[29] Chirarattananon, S., Chaiwiwatworakul, P., and Pattanasethanon. S., 2002, “Daylight Availability and Models for Global and Diffuse Horizontal Illuminance and Irradiance for Bangkok,” Renewable Energy, 26(1), pp.69–89.
[30] Krarti, M., Erickson, P. M., and Hillman, T. C., 2005, “A Simplified Method to Estimate Energy Savings of Artificial Lighting Use From Daylighting,” Build. Environ., 40(6), pp. 747–754.
[31] Chel, A., Tiwari, G. N., and Chandra, A., 2009, “A Model for Estimation of Daylight Factor for Skylight: An Experimental Validation Using Pyramid Shape Skylight Over Vault Roof Mud-House in New Delhi (India),” Appl. Energy, 86(11), pp. 2507–2519.
[32] Ruck, N. C., 2006, “International Energy Agency’s Solar Heating and Cooling Task 31— Daylighting Buildings in the 21st Century,” Energy Build., 38(7), pp. 718–720.
[33] Boyce, P., Hunter, C., and Howlett, O., 2003, The Benefits of Daylight Through Windows, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, New York.
[34] Kruger, E. L., and Dorigo, A. L., 2008, “Daylighting Analysis in a Public School in Curitiba, Brazil,” Renewable Energy, 33, pp. 1695–1702.
[35] Galasiu, A. D., and Veitch, J. A., 2006, “Occupant Preferences and Satisfaction With the Luminous Environment and Control Systems in Daylit Offices: A Literature Review,” Energy Build., 38(7), pp. 728–742.
[36] Cheung, H. D., and Chung, T. M., 2008, “A Study on Subjective Preference to Daylight Residential Indoor Environment Using Conjoint Analysis,” Build Environ., 43(12), pp. 2101–2111.
[37] Szokolay, Steven V., "Introduction to architectural science: the basis of sustainable design", Architectural Press An imprint of Elsevier Science, First published 2004
[38]M. Faizi, F. Mehdizadeh Seraj and M. Gholipour Gashniani, "REVIEW OF THE INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE DAYLIGHT", Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Published 2016
[39]Rüdiger Ganslandt, Harald Hofmann, "Handbook of Lighting Design", ERCO Leuchten GmbH, Lüdenscheid Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Braunschweig/ Wiesbaden 1. edition 1992
[40]Yvind Aschehoug, Jens Christoffersen, Roman Jakobiak, Kjeld Johnsen, Eleanor, Lee, Nancy Ruck, and Stephen Selkowitz, "Daylight in Buildings", International Energy Agency (IEA) Solar Heating and Cooling Programme, Energy Conservation in Buildings & Community Systems, 2000
[41]https://www.selux.com/int/en/company/history/launch-of-the-arthelio-project-the-combined-use-of-daylight-and-artificial-light-in-a-light-pipe-system
[42]A. Rosemann *, H. Kaase, "Lightpipe applications for daylighting systems", Solar Energy 78 (2005) 772–780
[43]http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/10/131030-norway-town-rjukan-mirrors-heliostats-sunlight
[44]https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2013/10/using-giant-mirrors-to-light-up-dark-valleys/100613
[45]http://www.businessinsider.com/rjukan-norway-how-the-mirrors-work-2013-10
[46]http://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/01/travel/rjukan-sun-mirror/
[47]http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/norway/10398783/Norwegian-town-places-mirrors-on-hillsides-to-shine-light-into-valley.html
[48]https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/30/giant-mirrors-first-winter-sun-norway-rjukan
[49]http://www.businessinsider.com/rjukan-norway-how-the-mirrors-work-2013-10
[50]http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/07/lowline-gets-a-thumbs-up-from-city-hall.html
[51]http://ny.curbed.com/2016/9/19/12977212/lowline-lower-east-side-proposal-details
[52]"The Low Line". New York magazine. Sep 26, 2011.
[53]"HuffPost Arts Interviews James Ramsey On His Astounding Plans For A NY Underground Park (PHOTOS) " Huffington Post, 23 February 2012.
[54]McCarthy, Megan. "Episode 6: James Ramsey of Low Line – Bringing the Underground to Light". New York Observer.
[55]Foderaro, Lisa W. "Inspired by High Line, Park Is Envisioned With Sights Set Low", The New York Times, November 21, 2011. Accessed November 21, 2011.
[56]LowLine Creators Reach Initial Fundraising Goal On Kickstarter,
[57]The Lowline, New York's Revolutionary Underground Park, Says Let There Be Light | Co.Exist: World changing ideas and innovation
[58]"The Lowline Just Got a Thumbs-up From City Hall". 2016-07-14. Retrieved 2016-07-18.
[59] A. J. W. Whang, Y. Y. Chen, and B. Y. Wu, Solar Energy 83(8), 1115–1122 (2009).
[60] A. J. W. Whang, C. C. Wang, and Y. Y. Chen, Renewable Energy 34(10), 2280–2295 (2009).
[61] Daylight on Buildings, A report of IEA SHC Task 21/ ECBCS Annex 29, July 2000
[62] C. N. Chen, Y. Y. Chen, A. J. W. Whang, and L. H. Chen, “Design and evaluation of natural light guiding system in ecological illumination of traffic tunnel,” Proc. SPIE 7423, 74230O
[63] A. J. W. Whang, Y. Y. Chen, and Y. T. Teng, J. Disp. Technol. 5(3), 94–103 (2009).
[64] A. J. W. Whang, P. C. Li, Y. Y. Chen, and S. L. Hsieh, J. Disp. Technol. 5(3), 104–108 (2009).
[65] C. A. Chen, Y. Y. Chen, and A. J. W. Whang, “An active lighting module with natural light guiding system and solid state source for indoor illumination,” Proc. SPIE 7422, 74220Z (2009).
[66] S. H. Yang, Y. Y. Chen, and A. J. W. Whang, “Using prismatic structure and brightness enhancement film to design cascadable unit of static solar concentrator in natural light guiding system,” Proc. SPIE 7423, 74230J (2009).
[67] Y. Y. Chen and A. J. W. Whang, “Design method of secondary optical element for LED applications,” Proc. SPIE 7428, 74280E (2009).
[68]N. S. Kapany (1958), Colored glass fibers for photographing color TV, or a flexible gastroscope for seeing around the ‘corners’ of your stomach re possible with… Fiber optics, The Frontier, publ. Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology, Spring 1958, pp. 18–23.
[69]E. Hecht (2002), Optics, 4th edition, Addison-Wesley.
[70]J. Hecht (1999), Understanding Fiber Optics – 3rd edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, Columbus, Ohio.
[71]T. Izawa and S. Sudo (1987), Optical Fibers: Materials and Fabrication, KTK Scientific Publishers & D. Reidel Publishing Company.
[72]N. Narendrana, N. Maliyagodaa, and R. Levinb, “Propagation Characteristics of Polychromatic Light through Polymer Optical Fibers,” Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, Vol. 29, Issue 1, pp. 81–89 (2000).
[73]游仁龍, "利用田口法設計自然光照明系統之放光模組", 國立台灣科技大學電子工程所 碩士學位論文, 中華民國100年
[74]何友瀚, "設計可用於多光源的自由曲面透鏡應用於自然光照明系統", 國立台灣科技大學電子工程所 碩士學位論文 , 中華民國103年
[75]Allen Jong-Woei Whang, Chia-Min Lin, Nai-Lun Ku, and Ming-Cheng Wang, “A new static lighting concentrator with optical coupler,” JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 4, 063118 (2012)
[77] Simpson, J.R. “Energy and Buildings, Improved Estimates of tree-shade effects on residential energy use”, February 2002.[1] Retrieved:2008-04-30
[78]http://www.epa.gov/greenbuilding/pubs/about.htm
[79]Yan Ji and Stellios Plainiotis “Design for Sustainability. Beijing: China Architecture and Building Pres”, ISBN 7-112-08390-7
[80]“Green Building Tech HK”, http://gbtech.emsd.gov.hk/english/utilize/natural.html
[81]http://www.riko.com/application/fiber-spectral-attenuation.html
[82]http://www.cpami.gov.tw/english/index.php?option=com_content&view=frontpage&Itemid=36
[83]The Law Rule reference from “建築技術規則 (含建築物無障礙設施設計規範，及101年納入彙編支解釋函令)”, Public by 中華建築文化交流協會, 內政部營建署
[84]賴毅龍, "自然光照明系統的發展與應用", 國立台灣科技大學電子工程所 博士學位論文, 中華民國104年
[85]趙世民, "以新型光學設計模式及新式田口模擬退火優化法運用於自然導光照明系統之設計與分析", 國立台灣科技大學電子工程所 博士學位論文 , 中華民國102年
[86]Allen Jong-Woei Whang, Chia-Min Lin, Nai-Lun Ku, and Ming-Cheng Wang (2012, Nov). A new static lighting concentrator with optical coupler . Journal of Renewable Sustainable Energy , 4(6), 63118.
[87]Jong-Woei Allen Whang, Chia-Min Lin, Chun-Han Chou, Jin-Jie Hsieh, Cheng-Ming Chang (2017, Mar). Developing a Static Solar Concentrator Module with Free-form Mirror Design for Indoor Illumination. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 9(2), 25901
[88] Ismail BAKLOUTI, Zied DRISS, Mohamed Salah ABID, “Estimation of Solar Radiation on Horizontal and Inclined Surfaces in Sfax, TUNISIA”, 2012 First International Conference on Renewable Energies and Vehicular Technology
[89] This research is supported by NTUST Top University Grant Project, EU FP-7 CETIEB Project, EU FP-7 EcoShopping Project and Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Energy Technology Program for Academia under Grant No. 102-E0608.