本研究首先使用花蓮地區經加工切割後之蛇紋石廢邊材，研磨成石粉，部分取代水泥砂漿中的細粒料後，探討其對於水泥砂漿各項性質的影響。過程中，參照CNS 1010拌製水泥砂漿，製作抗壓、抗彎及熱壓膨脹等試體，最後利用XRF、XRD以及SEM分析材料之主要成分及微觀結構，評估蛇紋石粉添加於水泥砂漿的適用性。其次，參照 CNS 13480製成發泡輕質磚，比較28天齡期之抗壓能力與乾燥重量，探討不同水固比、發泡鋁粉量、石粉用量等對於發泡率及遠紅外線放射能力的影響，藉此評估蛇紋石粉應用於輕質磚產製的可行性。研究結果顯示，於水泥砂漿中，以適量的細石粉取代細粒料可以提高抗壓強度。當取代量為10%時，抗壓強度表現最佳。在同一取代量下，強度隨水灰比提高而降低。抗彎強度介於抗壓強度之20%-30%之間，石粉取代量對於抗彎強度的影響不如抗壓強度明顯。膨脹試驗結果參考ASTM C1260進行，結果顯示其膨脹量約為0.68-0.65，故宜慎用於結構混凝土。另一方面，參考CNS 13480規定，添加蛇紋石可以製作出於抗壓強度介於G2–G6、容積烘乾比重介於G2–G8的輕質磚，同時其遠紅外放射能力皆可達90%以上。

In this study, the serpentine wastes from Hualien were ground into powders and partially replaced the fine aggregates in the cement mortar to investigate their effects on the properties of cement mortar. First, to evaluate the applicability of the serpentine powders in the cement mortar, the specimens for the compressive, fleuxural and thermal expansion were prepared in accordance with CNS 1010. The XRF (X-ray fluorescence), XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (secondary electron microscopy) were used to analyze the principle composisitons and microstructure of the specimens. Second, the feasibility of applying the serpentine powder to the lightweight bricks was evaluated by comparing the compressive strength and dry specific weight at ages of 28 days in accordance with CNS 13480. The effects of water-solid ratios, the amount of foamed aluminum powder and the stone powder on the foaming rate and the infrared radiation were investigated. Results showed that the compressive strength of the cement mortar could be improved by the fine serpentine powders. The optimum replacement was 10%, showing the highest strength. When compared at the same replacement, the compressive strength was decreased by the increased water-cement ratio. The flexural strength was around 20-30% of the compressive strength, and it was not influenced by the serpentine replacement as significantly as the compressive strength. The expansion tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM C1260. Results showed that the expansion was around 0.68-0.65. Therefore, the concrete should be used in structures with cautions. On the other hand, the lightweight blocks with serpentine can be produced meeting the requirements in CNS 13480. It has compressive strengths within G2-G6, dry specific weight within G2=H6, and infar red radiation of more than 90%.

[1] ASTM E1933-14 (2018). Standard Test Methods for Measuring and Compensating for Emissivity Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
[2] ASTM C387-09 (2019). Standard Test Method for Methylene Blue Index of Clay, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
[3] Bonavetti, V. , Donza, H., Menendez, G., Cabrera, O., and Irassar, E. F. (2003). "Limestone filler cement in low w/c concrete: A rational use of energy." Cement and Concrete Research 33(6): 865-871.
[4] Celik, T., and Marar, K. (1996). "Effects of crushed stone dust on some properties of concrete." Cement and Concrete Research 26(7): 1121-1130.
[5] CNS 13480 (2018)，高壓蒸汽養護輕質氣泡混凝土磚 Autoclaved Lightweight Aerated Concrete Blocks，中華民國國家標準，經濟部標準局，台北市。
[6] CNS 1240 (2019)，混凝土粒料 Concrete aggregates，中華民國國家標準，經濟部標準檢驗局，台北市。
[7] Nichols, F. P. (1982). "Manufactured Sand and Crushed Stone in Portland Cement Concrete." Concrete International 4(8):56-63.
[8] Gutovic, M., Klimesch, D. S., and Ray, A. (2005). "Strength development in autoclaved blends made with OPC and clay-brick waste." Construction and Building Materials 19(5): 353-358.
[9] Huo, S. H., Qian, M., Schaffer, G. B., and Crossin, E. (2011). "Aluminium powder metallurgy. " Fundamentals of Aluminium Metallurgy, Elsevier: 655-701.
[10] Hamada, Y., Teraoka, F., Matsumoto, T., Madachi, A., Toki, F., Uda, E., Hase, R., Takahashi, J., and Matsuura, N. (2003). "Effects of far infrared ray on Hela cells and WI-38 cells." International Congress Series 1255: 339-341.
[11] Herschel, W. (1800). " XIV. Experiments on the refrangibility of the invisible rays of the sun." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 90: 284-292.
[12] Hudson, B. P. (1997). "Manufactured sand for concrete: Talks of the many properties that a good manufactured sand can offer to enhance the performance of concrete." Indian Concrete Journal 71: 237-241.
[13] Jones, M. R., and McCarthy, A. (2005). "Behaviour and assessment of foamed concrete for construction applications." In Use of foamed concrete in construction: Proceedings of the international conference held at the University of Dundee, Scotland, UK on 5 July 2005, Thomas Telford Publishing. 61-88.
[14] Marek, C. R. (1995). "Importance of fine aggregate shape and grading on properties of concrete." Proceedings of the international center for aggregates research 3rd annual symposium, Austin, TX, USA.
[15] Nakayenga, J., Cikmit, A. A., Tsuchida, T., and Hata, T. (2021). "Influence of stone powder content and particle size on the strength of cement-treated clay.", Construction and Building Materials, 305: 124710.
[16] Pera, J., Coutaz, L., Ambroise, J., and Chababbet, M. (1997). "Use of incinerator bottom ash in concrete." Cement and Concrete Research 27(1): 1-5.
[17] Uchikawa, H., Hanehara, S., and Hirao, H. (1996). "Influence of microstructure on the physical properties of concrete prepared by substituting mineral powder for part of fine aggregate." Cement and Concrete Research 26(1): 101-111.
[18] 王永東, 潘重寶, 李鈺雯 (2013). "營建綠設備 小兵立大功--提昇混凝土工作性之品管作業." 中華顧問技術期刊，第256-265頁.
[19] 王弟文 (2001). "下水污泥焚化灰製造發泡輕質混凝土之研究. "，碩士論文,環境工程研究所，國立中央大學.
[20] 王金松(1998). "遠紅外線對引發之生物體內循環改善研究用實驗系統之設計." 碩士論文，電機工程學系，國立成功大學.
[21] 安文漢 (1989). "石屑混凝土強度及微觀結構試驗研究." 山西建築(2) 第19-27頁.
[22] 呂明燦 (2010). "台灣石材工藝之發展."臺灣文獻第61卷，第二期，第225-250頁.
[23] 宋安祥, 王雪, 劉雪, 何琴 (2011). "泡沫混凝土研究新進展與應用現狀." 混凝土世界，(10):第54-59頁.
[24] 李興貴 (2004). "高石粉含量人工砂在混凝土中的應用研究." 建築材料學報 7(1): 第66-71頁.
[25] 周逢霖, 涂耀賢, 郭詩毅, 黃科銘(2009). "預拌混凝土砂石料短缺對混凝土品質之影響探討."技師報，臺灣.
[26] 林昌緯 (2010). "添加石灰石於水泥及混凝土之性能研究." 碩士論文，營建工程所，國立台灣科技大學.
[27] 戴妤潔 (2012). "發泡輕質材料物理性質之探討." 碩士論文，營建工程所，國立台灣科技大學.
[28] 施信宏 (2018). "礦產資源永續利用." 科學發展第543期， 第50-53頁.
[29] 劉桂華, 黃文強, 熊德芬, 王洪陽, 李小斌, 周秋生, 彭志宏, 齊天貴 (2018)."鋁灰中活性物相的反應行為", 中國有色金屬學報, 28: 2341-50.
[30] 孫燁 (2015). "石粉特性對砂漿性能的影響研究." 混凝土與水泥製品， 第22-26頁.
[31] 吳明修, 馮顏權, 王蘊中, 郭志成(2017) . "以石材餘料製備遠紅外線材料與其陶瓷製品上之應用" 財團法人石材暨資源產業研究發展中心.
[32] 鄭大偉, 胡憲倫, 鄭國彬(2015). "開發蛇紋石多元化工業材料之應用研究" 經濟部礦務局
[33] 財團法人台灣綠色基金會 (2005). "石材加工業資源化應用技術手冊."，p.11
[34] 郭志成 (2003). "花崗石汙泥固化再利用." 資源與環境學術研討會
[35] 陳家瓏 (2004). "合理利用人工砂中的石粉." 新型建築材料期刊(中國)，5：第48-50頁.
[36] 曾慧群 (2019). "機制砂對混凝土拌合物性能和力學性能的影響研究." 廣東建材 35(6): 第16-18頁.
[37] 黃兆龍 (2005). 混凝土性質與行為. 台北市， 詹氏書局.
[38] 黃兆龍, 陳俊村, 林義翔 (2012). "廢棄花崗岩礦泥再利用於高性能混凝土之研究." 技術學刊第二十七卷，第一期，第1-8頁.
[39] 經濟部礦物司 (1992). "中華民國礦產品利用、需求與流向調查."，臺灣.
[40] 經濟部礦物局 (1996). "臺灣能源與資源科技研發的構思與發展體系."臺灣鑛業第40卷，第4期，第31-42頁.
[41] 經濟部礦物局 (1996). "臺灣地區石材加工業行銷系統規劃與景氣預測研究. "臺灣鑛業第40卷，第4期，第97-109頁.
[42] 經濟部礦物局 (2010). "廢鑄砂資源化作為替代性砂石骨材之探討."臺灣鑛業第62卷第2期，第46-54頁.
[43] 經濟部礦業司 (1996). "石灰石、蛇紋石等供料礦物篩選(含廢邊材)之利用研究." 臺灣鑛業第48卷，第4期，第73~97頁.
[44] 蔡穗 (2013). "臺灣蛇紋石礦開發利用." 臺灣鑛業第65卷，第2期，第68-74頁.
[45] 鄭大偉 (2012). "開發蛇紋石多元化工業材料之應用研究." 經濟部礦務局.
[46] 顏聰(2003). "水庫淤泥輕質骨材產製及輕質骨材混凝土應用與推廣." 內政部建築研究所.