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研究生： 楊開瀝
Kai-Li Yang
論文名稱： 以適應性結構化理論與任務科技適度理論探討前瞻使用者之企業導入資訊科技過程與成效－以長春企業為例
The Adaptive Structuration Theory and Task Technology-Fit Perspectives of Lead Users’ IT Appropriation Process–Lessons Learned from CHANG CHUN GROUP
指導教授： 周子銓
Tzu-Chuan Chou
口試委員: 洪大為
Ta-Wei Hung
查士朝
Shi-Cho Cha
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 管理學院 - 資訊管理系
Department of Information Management
論文出版年： 2008
畢業學年度： 96
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 119
中文關鍵詞： 前瞻使用者 、適應性結構化理論 、任務科技適度理論
外文關鍵詞： Lead User, Adoptive Structuration Theory (AST), Task Technology-Fit (TTF)
相關次數： 點閱：310  下載：14 
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    • 隨著資訊科技及網際網路的蓬勃發展，現代企業為加強其競爭優勢，往往選擇透過導入資訊科技(IT)來提升企業營運績效。本研究將商業學術研究中所提到之「前瞻使用者(Lead User)」概念，應用於企業導入IT之行為模式；欲探討符合前瞻使用者特性之企業如何在瞬息萬變的環境下，妥善運用週遭之資訊科技，以提升企業營運績效，增加企業競爭優勢。
    根據對長春企業之訪談，了解過去該企業IT導入之背景與需求，確認該企業具有前瞻使用者之特性後，本研究利用個案研究之參與式觀察，將長時間所觀察及蒐集之資料歸納與整合，在企業應用IT之理論研究範圍內，以適應性結構化理論(Adaptive Structuration Theory)描述IT與企業內部成員互動之情況，欲探討IT對組織營運效能之影響。
    本研究發現AST不能完善地解釋IT影響組織營運成效之限制；便以任務科技適度理論(Task Technology-Fit)檢視企業應用IT之行為，彌補AST無法描述導入IT任務(Task)與科技特性(Technology Characteristic)是否契合，以致無法解釋IT與組織成員之間具有良好的互動情況，導入之IT卻對成效沒有正面之影響，但TTF卻不能描述IT與企業內部成員互動之狀況。
    於是本研究提出TTF「任務」與「任務科技適度」之概念結合至AST理論架構，試圖改善AST與TTF之缺陷，以符合描述該企業實際導入IT之行為，探討IT對企業營運成效之影響，並提出適當之具體建議，提供具有前瞻使用者特性之企業，在應用IT來解決問題時，參考之依據。

    The concept of “Lead User” was proposed in commercial research. In this study, we refer this concept as users who try to develop their own IT solutions rather than use IT solutions only. However, the process of how IT lead users develop their own solutions is still under-explored. To address this gap, this study employs the Adaptive Structuration Theory (AST) and Task Technology-Fit (TTF) theory to explain IT lead users’ behaviors. Drawing on a case form Taiwan’s enterprises “CHANG CHUN GROUP”, both the appropriation process and social interactions of adopting IT is examined.
    This study shows that both AST theory and TTF along can not be used to explain IT lead users’ behaviors. Alternatively, this study proposes an extended AST theory by integrated AST and TTF. This extended theory can be used to explain the interactions between IT implementation and organization members. In addition, this study also found that several factors such as the task and technology fit, the organizational context, the stakeholders’ participation, and the institutional context influence on the appropriation process and social interactions. The implications and future research directions are also discussed.

    摘 要 .................................................I Abstract ...............................................III 誌 謝 ................................................IV 目錄 .................................................V 表目錄 ................................................IX 圖目錄 .................................................X 第一章、前言 ....................................................1 1.1 研究背景與動機 ...........................................1 1.2 研究問題與目的 ...........................................2 1.2.1 研究問題 .......................................... 2 1.2.2 研究目的 ...........................................2 1.3 研究範圍及流程 ...........................................3 1.3.1 研究範圍 ...........................................3 1.3.2 研究流程 ...........................................3 1.4 論文架構 ...........................................5 第二章、文獻探討 ....................................................7 2.1 前瞻使用者 (Lead User) .........................................7 2.2 適應性結構化理論 (Adaptive Structuration Theory，AST) ..........8 2.2.1 適應性結構化理論 ........................................8 2.2.2 適應性結構化理論模 ......................................10 2.3 任務科技適度理論 (Task Technology-Fit，TTF) ..............14 2.3.1 資訊系統與工作績效 .................................14 2.3.2 任務科技適度理論 .................................18 第三章、研究方法 ...................................................27 3.1 研究策略 ...................................................27 3.1.1 質性研究 ..........................................27 3.1.2 個案研究 ..........................................29 3.1.3 個案研究設計 ..........................................30 3.1.4 資料蒐集之方法 ..........................................31 3.1.4.1 參與式觀察 .....................................32 3.1.4.2 深度訪談 .....................................32 3.1.5 資料分析方法與訪談問題規劃 ........................33 3.1.6 研究對象選擇與訪談 .................................34 3.1.6.1 研究對象選擇 .....................................34 3.1.6.2 訪談資料來源 .....................................35 第四章、個案研究 ...................................................37 4.1 組織簡介 ...................................................37 4.1.1 組織概況 ..........................................37 4.1.2 回顧組織先前應用IT的案例 .................................39 4.1.2.1 開發ERP ..........................................39 4.1.2.2 Skype的應用 ..........................................40 4.1.2.3 3G無線網路的應用 .................................40 4.1.2.4 資料庫的改善 .................................40 4.2 個案探討 ...................................................43 4.2.1 發現現象─塞車 ..........................................43 4.2.2 問題評估 ..........................................44 4.2.3 使用IT的演進 ..........................................44 4.2.4 車牌辨識(I廠商)的導入 .................................45 4.2.5 QR Code結合車牌辨識的導入 .................................46 4.2.6 車牌辨識(C廠商)的導入 .................................47 4.2.7 GPS結合車牌辨識的導入 .................................47 4.2.7.1 簡介GPS的導入 .................................47 4.2.7.2 將GPS結合車牌辨識 .................................49 4.2.8 QR Code的導入 ..........................................50 4.2.9 整體概況 ..........................................52 第五章、個案分析 ...................................................53 5.1 研究架構推導過程 ..........................................53 5.2 個案研究分析 ..........................................57 5.2.1 以適應性結構化理論(AST)分析車牌辨識系統專案之過程 .......57 5.2.1.1 QR Code結合車牌辨識系統 ........................59 5.2.1.2 將GPS結合至車牌辨識系統 ........................64 5.2.1.3 AST分析總結 ........................68 5.2.2 以任務科技適度理論(TTF)分析 ........................68 5.2.2.1 QR Code結合車牌辨識系統 ........................70 5.2.2.2 將GPS結合車牌辨識系統 ........................71 5.2.2.3 TTF分析總結 .........................72 5.2.3 以TTF結合AST之概念來分析 ..................................72 5.2.3.1 QR Code結合車牌辨識系統 .........................73 5.2.3.2 GPS結合車牌辨識系統 ..................................75 5.2.3.3 重新導入QR Code ..................................77 5.2.3.4 分析總結 ...........................................79 第六章、研究探討與結論 ...........................................81 6.1 研究貢獻 ....................................................81 6.2 結論 ....................................................84 6.3 研究限制與後續研究方向 ..................................85 參考文獻 .............................................................87 附錄 .............................................................91 科技簡介 .............................................................91 GPS簡介 .............................................................91 車牌辨識簡介 ....................................................91 QR Code簡介 ....................................................92 以適應性結構理論(AST)分析GPS系統導入 ..................................94 以適應性結構化理論分析車牌辨識導入(I廠商) .........................98 以適應性結構化理論分析重新導入車牌辨識系統(C廠商) ...............102 以適應性結構化理論分析重新導入QR Code ........................104 以任務科技適度理論分析GPS系統導入 .................................108 以任務科技適度理論分析車牌辨識導入(I廠商) ........................109 以任務科技適度理論分析重新導入車牌辨識系統(C廠商) ...............110 以任務科技適度理論分析重新QR Code導入 ........................111 以AST結合TTF之概念來分析GPS導入 .................................112 以AST結合TTF之概念來分析車牌辨識導入(I廠商) ........................115 以AST結合TTF之概念分析重新導入車牌辨識系統(C廠商) ...............117 個案受訪者之資料暨訪談問項彙整 .................................119

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    11. 黃文仙，民91，「顧客互動強度、顧客知識管理能力以及顧客特性對產品績效影響之研究」，私立中原大學企業管理研究所碩士論文
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    14. 蔡思達，民96，「以適應性結構化理論探討資訊安全管理系統導入之徵用過程與成效」，國立台灣科技大學訊管理研究所碩士論文
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