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研究生： 張育維
Yu-Wei Chang
論文名稱： 使用微帶線與非共平面互補式技術之極端色散延遲線
Extremely Dispersive Delay Lines Using Microstrip Line and Non-Coplanar Complementary Techniques
指導教授： 徐敬文
Ching-Wen Hsue
口試委員: 馮武雄
Wu-Shiung Feng
張勝良
Sheng-Lyang Jang
瞿大雄
Tah-Hsiung, Chu
黃進芳
Jhin-Fang Huang
陳一鋒
I-Fong Chen
陳國龍
none
溫俊瑜
Jiun-Yu Wen
賴文政
none
學位類別： 博士
Doctor
系所名稱： 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年： 2016
畢業學年度： 104
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 117
中文關鍵詞： 色散延遲線 、互補式結構 、無線類比訊號處理 、群延遲
外文關鍵詞： Dispersive delay line, complementary structure, radio analog signal processing, group delay
相關次數： 點閱：293  下載：1 
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    • 本論文主要是使用微帶線與非共平面互補式技術設計用於無線類比訊號處理(Radio Analog Signal Processing, R-ASP)之全通、寬頻與窄頻之各類色散延遲線，所有電路均實現於ROGERS RO4003C系列的高頻基板。此外，如何避免群延遲的三階諧波干擾與在不增加電路面積的前提下如何提高群延遲(或群延遲解析度)亦是本論文的研究重點。為了增加色散延遲線的可應用範圍，具有全通響應與極端群延遲之互補式色散延遲線結構於本論文被提出並詳細的分析。本論文之所有理論值均利用所提出之各類色散延遲線的模擬與實驗量測結果做驗證。
    本論文提出的第一與第二個電路分別是1 GHz單頻帶與0.9/2.45 GHz雙頻帶之色散延遲線，其極端群延遲均發生在非對稱、並聯殘段之濾波器的誘發通帶中，最大群延遲可利用並聯殘段的特性阻抗與殘段長度以及誘發通帶的頻寬來決定；第三個提出之色散延遲線是利用互補式、非共平面槽線將窄頻的誘發通帶轉換成一全通響應，且原始並聯殘段之傳輸零點所產生之負群延遲也被轉換成正群延遲，並進一步增加群延遲頻寬。這三個單頻、雙頻與全通之色散延遲線在不包含50 Ω傳輸線下，電路面積依序分別為26.1 x 19.02 mm2, 42.27 x 16.45 mm2與129.73 x 15.35 mm2。
    第四個提出的電路是一個使用對稱、等長、雙段開路殘段與其非共平面互補式槽線之新型雙段互補式之寬頻色散延遲線，其最大群延遲發生於2.5 GHz，且群延遲的次高階諧波頻率發生在高於三倍頻（>7.5 GHz）。此電路之雙段開路殘段的傳輸散射參數S21 以離散z域參數公式化，以方便計算次高階諧波頻率與中心頻率之比值，且此殘段結構與其非共平面互補式槽線結合後，可實現一寬頻、雙段互補式色散延遲線，模擬與實作量測結果的群延遲響應與傳統單段互補式色散延遲線比較之後發現，此電路確實可以避免三階諧波頻率產生群延遲，電路面積在不包含50 Ω傳輸線下為26.16 x 5.3 mm2。
    本論文提出的最後一個電路之電路設計目標為在不增加電路面積的條件下，增加其群延遲，因此，一個使用變型開路殘段與其非共平面互補式槽線之具有全通響應與極端群延遲的新型微型化互補式色散延遲線被提出，此電路的最大群延遲為0.8 ns並發生在2.5 GHz，此最大群延遲比傳統的單段色散延遲線的最大群延遲增加60%。電路面積在不包含50 Ω傳輸線下為21.6 x 3.4 mm2。
    最後，以互補式色散延遲線結構為基礎，建立一個一維傳輸線模型去模擬電磁波入射到互補式屏幕的散射變化，我們發現此結構與Babinet原理是相符的，且兩個互補式屏幕的等效端點阻抗是相等並為負實數值，產生此特性的原因目前無法得知，再者，被動電路並無法產生負電阻，因此，Babinet原理的特性與侷限應值得被重新深入探討。

    This dissertation is aimed to design all-pass, broadband and narrow-band dispersive delay lines (DDLs) using microstrip line and non-coplanar complementary techniques for radio analog signal processing (R-ASP). All DDLs are proposed and designed using ROGERS RO4003C substrate to respectively avoid the interference of third-order harmonic of group delay and enhance group delay (or group delay resolution) without increasing circuit size. In order to increase the potential application, the theory of a complementary DDL structure with an all-pass response and excessive group delay is presented and clearly analyzed. The theoretical results are also validated by simulated and measured results of proposed DDLs.
    The first and the second proposed circuits are a 1 GHz single-band and a 0.9/2.45 GHz dual-band DDLs, respectively. The excessive group delay occurs in an induced pass-band of filter using asymmetric, parallel stubs in transmission lines. The maximum group delay of both DDLs is determined by characteristic impedances and physical lengths of parallel stubs and the bandwidth of the induced pass-band. In the third proposed DDL, the induced, band-limited pass-band is transformed into an all-pass response by introducing non-coplanar complementary slot-lines, while the negative group delay of original, asymmetric, parallel open stubs structure at transmission zeros is also transferred into the positive group delay to further increase the group delay bandwidth. The circuit sizes without 50 Ω main line of a single, a dual-band, and an all-pass DDLs are 26.1 x 19.02 mm2, 42.27 x 16.45 mm2, and 129.73 x 15.35 mm2, respectively.
    The fourth proposed circuit is a new two-section complementary DDL using a symmetrical equal-length, two-section open stub and its non-coplanar complementary slot-line with a broad-band response, excessive group delay occurring at 2.5 GHz, and extended the next higher-order harmonic of group delay to higher frequency (> 7.5 GHz). The transmission scattering parameter S21 of the equal-length, two-section open stub is formulated in the discrete-time z domain to conveniently calculate the ratio of next higher-order harmonic frequency to fundamental frequency and then its non-coplanar complementary slot-line is employed to implement a broadband two-section complementary DDL. Measured and simulated results of group delay of this proposed DDL structure are presented to compare with the group delay of a conventional single-section DDL. This two-section complementary DDL is designed with circuit size without 50 Ω main line of 26.16 x 5.3 mm2.
    The fifth proposed DDL is targeting on enhancing group delay issue without increasing circuit size. By a symmetrically deformed open stub and its non-coplanar complementary slot-line, a new compact complementary-DDL is implemented with an all-pass response and excessive group delay. The maximum group delay occurring in the deformed stub-line/slot-line configuration is 0.8 ns at 2.5 GHz which is 60% more than the maximum group delay obtained in the conventional open-stub/slot-line configuration. This deformed DDL is designed with circuit size without 50 Ω main line of 21.6 x 3.4 mm2.
    Finally, based on the complementary DDL structure, a one-dimension transmission line model is employed to emulate the scattering behavior of electromagnetic waves incident upon complementary screens. It is found that, when Babinet's principle conditions are met, both equivalent electric terminal impedances of complementary screens are equal and negative in real values and their nature is not known. In addition, negative resistance is not attainable in passive circuit. It is, therefore, pertinent to re-examine Babinet’s Principle, pinpoint its features, as well as its limitations.

    Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Motivation 1 1.2 Literature Survey 3 1.3 Contributions 7 1.4 Dissertation Organization 9 Chapter 2 Fundamental Theory and Measured Consideration 11 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Parameters for Signal Propagation Velocity in Linear System 12 2.2.1 Complex Permittivity and Kramers-Kronig Relations 12 2.2.2 Phase Velocity 15 2.2.3 Group Velocity 17 2.3 Parameters for Signal Delay in Linear System 19 2.3.1 Phase Delay 19 2.3.2 Group Delay 20 2.3.3 Envelope Delay 22 2.4 Measurement Considerations of Group Delay 23 Chapter 3 Theory of All-Pass Complementary Dispersive Delay Line 27 3.1 Introduction 27 3.2 Theory Analysis 27 3.2.1 Complementary DDL 27 3.2.2 Equivalent Impedance of Slot-Line Structure 32 3.2.3 Effect of Substrate Thickness and Characteristic Impedance for Open Stub on Dispersion Behavior 34 3.2.4 Formulation of Maximum Group Delay 39 3.3 Summary 40 Chapter 4 Dispersive Delay Lines Using Parallel Open Stubs Technique 42 4.1 Introduction 42 4.2 Theory Analysis 43 4.2.1 Induced Pass-Band Using Asymmetric, Parallel Single-Section Open Stubs 43 4.2.2 Maximum Group Delay in Induced Pass-Band 47 4.2.3 Induced Pass-Band Using Asymmetric, Equal-Length Parallel Two-Section Open Stubs 53 4.3 Implementation and Experimental Results 58 4.4 Summary 69 Chapter 5 Broadband Dispersive Delay Line Using Equal-Length Two-Section Open Stub and Non-Coplanar Complementary Slot-Line 70 5.1 Introduction 70 5.2 Theory Analysis 71 5.2.1 Equal-Length Two-Section Open Stub 71 5.2.2 Structure of Two-Section DDL 74 5.3 Implementation and Experimental Results 75 5.4 Summary 78 Chapter 6 All-Pass Dispersive Delay Line with Large Group Delay Using Deformed Open Stub and Non- Coplanar Complementary Slot-Line 79 6.1 Introduction 79 6.2 Theory Analysis 80 6.2.1 Structure of Conventional DDL 80 6.2.2 Characteristic Impedance of Deformed Open Stub 81 6.2.3 Deformed Slot-Line 83 6.2.4 Comparison of Meandered Stub and Deformed Stub 85 6.2.5 Deformed DDL 85 6.3 Implementation and Experimental Results 86 6.4 Summary 89 Chapter 7 Comments on Babinet's Principle 91 7.1 Introduction 91 7.2 Theory Analysis 92 7.3 Summary 95 Chapter 8 Conclusion and Future Work 97 8.1 Conclusion 97 8.2 Future Work 101 References 108 About Author 115 Publications 116

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