隨著石化工業的發展，有機化合物被廣泛應用製造各種物品，如製造塑膠、樹酯、殺蟲劑等。然而這些有機物可能會因為處理不當或因惡意棄置而洩漏到環境中，汙染空氣、水源以及土壤，造成生態環境的破壞，甚至影響人類。在這些有機物中，酚是目前最常被使用的化合物，其結構簡單可以用來合成其他化合物，因此被廣泛的使用於工業界。但是酚是一種有毒物質，可能會致癌或是造成基因突變，過去人們嘗試以物理及化學方法去除環境中的酚，但是這些方法無法有效處理，甚至造成二次汙染。
生物復育由於具有低成本、低耗能以及可現地整治等綠色特性，所以在整治經費有限而新的污染場址卻不斷增加的情況下，勢必將成為一種越來越有具有市場競爭性的整治技術；而生物復育成功與否以及其效能如何，其實最終的關鍵都在於所使用的菌株，因此，新菌株的開發對於生物復育技術是非常重要的。本研究之目的為利用近年來新興的合成生物學技術來建構一株智慧型的酚降解菌株，所欲建構之菌株除具有易培養與無毒性的特質外，透過更高階的基因設計，此菌株將還能夠偵測酚所在處，藉由濃度梯度自動移動至該處，進而把酚降解代謝。
實驗先建構偵測酚的生物感測器，該感測器隨著偵測時間及偵測濃度的增加，會增強其綠螢光蛋白訊號。接著，加入移動基因che-Z於生物感測器，把酚作為菌株移動的誘導物，因此，重組菌株能夠依照酚的濃度誘導其鞭毛轉動，使菌株能夠由低濃度往高濃度移動。隨後，加入降解基因，使重組菌株能夠在偵測及移動的同時分泌降解酵素。實驗證實該重組菌株可於24小時內降解1mM酚。
該降解酚之智慧型大腸桿菌，可以用於處理區域型的污染場址，並可作為其他生物復育技術的模型，廣泛應用於其他汙染物的處理。

With the development of petrochemical industry, organic compounds are widely used in many cases, like plastic industry, pesticide, and so on. However, these chemical may be released into the air, water and soil affecting ecosystems and human beings alike. Among the organic compounds, Phenol is one of the most widely used in existence and is a basic structural unit for many industries including agricultural chemicals and pesticides. Phenol also can form other stable substituents in water which called phenolic compounds. But phenol is toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic in low concentration, it and its organic compounds are seen as the most important environmental pollutants. In the past, human used many ways to remove the phenolic compounds in the environment, like adsorption, extraction and oxidation. However, these methods cannot remove phenolic compounds effectively and may cause other problems.
Bioremediation is efficient way to remove pollutants. It is low cost and eco-friendly. For bioremediation, it is significant for bioremediation to develop a new bacterial strain. So, we want to use synthetic biology to construct a smart bacteria which can degrade phenol. It can sense the phenol in the environment and then trace it. Finally it can degrade phenol.
First, we constructed a phenol biosensor. Its reporter will be increased by phenol concentration or induction time. Then, we add che-Z gene in biosensor. Therefore, phenol can active transcription of the che-Z gene. The biosensor with motility can move from low concentration to high concentration. Finally, we constructed the smart E. coli which can degrade phenol. The bacteria can totally degrade 1mM phenol in 24 hr.
So, the smart E. coli for phenol degradation can totally remove pollutants around factory. It also can be a model for bioremediation.

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