現今全球約有8%的男性及0.2%的女性患有某種程度的色覺障礙，色覺障礙患者常因對於某些特定色彩會產生混淆不清或無法辨識而造成生活上的困擾。尤其，在現今開始廣泛利用廣色域螢幕、LED 廣告看板為媒介的大量色彩資訊化之情報社會中，預期色覺障礙者將會遇到比過去更多的辨色困擾。如果能夠利用數位化方式迅速且正確檢測出色覺異常者之色覺，改善色彩設計傳達之媒介，將可以協助建立色覺異常者與正常色覺者共生的友善環境。
本論文論文參考石原氏假性同色圖檢查法之設計理念，再加上混同色線、色差（閾值）理論為出發，發展一套可隨機化的數位化色圖檢查表。透過結合色彩管理及精密色彩顯示技術，期望未來於臨床上可提供一有效的數位色覺檢查系統。

There are around 8% male and 0.2% female who suffer from color vision deficiency (CVD) in the world. The people with abnormal color vision are unable to discriminate some specific colors and hence suffering in their lives. Moreover, with the advance and widely spread of new display and illumination technologies, such as wide color gamut displays and color-varied LEDs, we expect that more problems of color discrimination would occur often than the past. However, if the CVD could be efficiently diagnosed by a digital tool, it would help us to build a friendly open environment of living and working for considering both normal color vision and CVD observers.
The Digital Color Vision Test Plate (DCVTP) was developed based on theories of confusion line and color discrimination in this study, which were derived from the improved pseudoisochromatic plates (Ishihara Color Test). The proposed DVCTP, which combines precise color calibration technology and color management system, can be used in clinical applications of color vision test more effectively in the future.

[1] G. H. Jacobs, G. A. Williams, H. Cahill and J. Nathans, “Emergence of Novel Color Vision in Mice Engineered to Express a Human Cone Photopigment”,Science 315 , pp.1723 - 1725 (2007)
[2] CUDO website (2010) < http://jfly.iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp/color/ >
[3] Haruo Isono, “Visual Contrast of LED Traffic Light for People with Imperfect Color Vision ”, International Display Workshops , pp.1463 - 1466 (2011)
[4] Mitsuhiko MEGURO, Chihiro TAKAHASHI, and Toshio KOGA,“Simple Color Conversion Method to Perceptible Images for Color Vision Deficiencies”, SPIE-IS&T.(2006)
[5] A. Stockman, D. I. A. MacLeod, and N. E. Johnson, “Spectral sensitivities of the human cones”, Journal of the Optical Society of America A, vol.10, No.12, pp.2491–2521 (1993)
[6] 陳振豪編著, “兩眼視機能異常診斷與治療”, 合紀圖書出版社 (2001)
[7] P. Capilla, M. A. ´ Diez-Ajenjo, M. J. Luque, and J. Malo, “Corresponding-pair procedure: a new approach to simulation of dichromatic color perception”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, vol.21, no.2, pp.176-186. (2004)
[8] M. Ichikawa, K. Tanaka, S. Kondo, K. Hiroshima, K. Ichikawa, S. Tanabe, and K. Fukami, “Preliminary study on color modification for still images to realize barrier-free color vision”, Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Systems, man and Cybernetics, vol.1, pp.36–41.(2004)
[9] F. Vienot, H. Brettel, and J.D. Mollon,“Digital video colour maps for checking the legibility of displays by dichromats”,COLOR research and application , vol.24,no.4,pp.243-353. (1999)
[10] 梁樹今 等著¸“色覺障礙統計分析”¸中華眼科雜誌 (1959)
[11] R. Fletcher and J. Voke, “Defective colour vision, fundamentals diagnosis and management”, Aadam Higer Ltd. (1985)
[12] J. D. Mollon, J. Pokorny, and K. Knoblauch, “Normal & defective colour vision”, Oxford University Press (2003)
[13] 王克長、王新宇 編繪, “第二版色覺檢查圖”,合紀圖書出版社 (2004)
[14] L. M. Hurvuch, “Color vision”, Sinauer Associates Inc. (1981)
[15] 陳曉光、陳言、陳謀著, “人類色覺導論”, 軍事醫學科學出版社 (2002)
[16] 陳鴻興、陳詩涵 編譯, “色彩工程學理論與應用”¸全華圖書 (2008)
[17] G.W. Meyer and D.P. Greenberg, “Color-defective vision and computer graphics display”, IEEE Comput. Graphics & Appl., vol.8, no.5, pp.28–40 (1988)
[18] 羅梅君 著, “數位色彩管理科學 – 色彩度量學 ” (2010)
[19] J. Pokorny, V. C. Smith, G. Verriest, and A. J. L. G. Pinckers, Eds., “Congenital and Acquired Color Vision Defects”, Grune & Stratton, New York (1979)
[20] Federal AviationAdministration (FAA)：Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners, 網頁：http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/avs/offices/aam/ame/guide/app_process/examtech/item52/amd/
[21] Daniel Flück,“ Color blind essentials”, [Electronic version], published online on Colblindor.com. (2010)
[22] Nagel,W.A. Zwei Apparate für die Augenärzliche Funktionsprüfung. Adaptometer und kleines Spektralphotometer (Anomaloskop). “Zeitschrift für Augenheilkunde”, 17, pp.201–22 (1907)
[23] D. Farnsworth, “The Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue-test for the examination of colour discrimination manual”, Newburgh, New York, Macbeth (1957)
[24] 岡部正隆, Masataka Okabe, 伊藤 啓, “色覚の多様性と色覚バリアフリーなプレゼンテーション”,　Kei Ito 細胞工学, Vol.21, No.8 (2002)
[25] The College of Optometrists/Colour vision gallery-Colour ‘Blindness’, 網頁:http://www.college-optometrists.org/en/knowledge-centre/museyeum/online_exhibitions/colour_vision/blindness.cfm
[26] R. Fletcher and J. Voke, “Defective Colour Vision”, Hilger, Bristol (1985)
[27] J. Birch, “Diagnosis of Defective Colour Vision”, Oxford University Press, Oxford (1993)
[28] Stephen J. Dain, Simone Gray, Leigh Tran, “ Colorimetric Analysis and Performance Assessment of the Hahn New Pseudoisochromatic Colour Vision Test”, Color Research and Application, 23, pp.69-77. (1998)
[29] Andreas Hoffmann, Marino Menozzi, “Applying the Ishihara test to a PC-based screening system”, Displays, 20, pp.39-47. (1998)
[30] P.J. Pardo et al. , “A new colour vision test in a PC-based screening system”, Displays, 21, pp.203-206. (2000)
[31] Maureen Neitz and Jay Neitz, “A New Mass Screening Test for Color-Vision Deficiencies in Children”, Color Research and Application, 26, pp.239-249 (2001)
[32] P.R. Goulart et al., ”A computer-controlled color vision test for children based on the Cambridge Colour Test”, Visual Neuroscience, 25, pp.445-450. (2008)
[33] Sang Yul Choi and Jeong-Min Hwang, “Ishihara Test in 3- to 6-Year-Old Children”, Jpn J Ophthalmol ,53, pp.455–457. (2009)
[34] Stephen J. Dain, Simone Gray, Leigh Tran,“Colorimetric Analysis and Performance Assessment of the Hahn New Pseudoisochromatic Colour Vision Test”, COLOR research and application,23, pp. 69–77. (1997)
[35] 深見嘉一郎、編集, “色覚異常 眼科オピニオン” ,中山書店 (1998)
[36] Maureen Neitz and Jay Neitz, “A New Mass Screening Test for Color-Vision Deficiencies in Children”, Color Research and Application, 26, pp.239-249 (2001)
[37] Erik Reinhard, Erum Arif Khan, Ahmet Oguz Akyuz, Garrett M Johnson. “Color Imaging Fundamentals and Applications”, Amazon.com. (2008)
[38] Phil Green, “Color Management: Understanding and Using ICC Profiles”, John Wiley & Sons Inc (2010)