曲面構造之參數化設計與構築－變斷面格子梁板設計實作

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研究生：	翁穎諄 Ying-Chun Weng
論文名稱：	曲面構造之參數化設計與構築－變斷面格子梁板設計實作 Tectonic of Surface Structure with Parametric Design － A Grid-Slab Design of Variable Section Practice
指導教授：	魏浩揚 Hao-Yang Wei
口試委員:	黃慶東 Ching-Tung Huang 簡聖芬 Sheng-Fen Chien 施宣光 Shen-Guan Shih
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	設計學院 - 建築系 Department of Architecture
論文出版年：	2011
畢業學年度：	99
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	107
中文關鍵詞：	參數化設計、數位製造、構築、不規則曲面、格子樑板
外文關鍵詞：	parametric design, digital manufacturing, tectonics, irregular surface, grid-slab system
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上一筆

在這個數位科技蓬勃發展的時代，建築自概念設計到建造過程，幾乎每一個步驟都必須使用到電腦。新的數位構築技術不僅能以電腦軟體從事3D建模以及模擬視覺效果，更可提供衍生式找形、參數化調整以及鏈結其他領域專業乃至數位製造等等的可能性，而這也正是素來僅強調數位形式設計的台灣建築界邁向真正的數位建築實踐最為缺乏的關鍵技術盲點。有鑑於此，本研究擬以一曲面格子樑板構造系統的設計為例，嘗試導入參數化設計的工具與方法，經由實際操作聯結數位設計與數位製造之流程，模擬數位建築實踐之過程，以提供本土數位構築技術整合另一種嶄新的操作思維。
本研究以「案例導向設計法」進行曲面格子樑板系統的找形。透過文獻蒐集與案例分析匯整解決曲面構築問題的方法，並以此逐步修正起始案例，以滿足原初設定的設計邊際條件。本研究所開發之雙曲面格子樑板系統以開口箱式構件為單元，藉接板栓鎖組構而成。為提升該結構系統之抗彎效率，乃以變斷面的方式設計開口箱式單元的四個邊面，以反映該構造系統之彎矩分佈。該四個邊面的對角並作彎折處理，以對應其在三維空間中扭轉的幾何需求。透過「平移、縮放」與「法線配置」等幾何操作，可使該格子樑系統產生較為平順的三維曲面，該曲面並可以平面四邊形單元構成，以利未來圍封材料之製造與生產。箱式單元的空間配置與其五個面的幾何形狀均以參數化的方式進行設計與控制，以利幾何與結構等面向最佳化之調整。
為驗證該原型系統構築之可行性，本研究乃以瓦楞紙為材，將設計所得的曲面格子樑構造的幾何資料處理後，輸入雷射切割機進行數位製造；首先建構縮尺模型以模擬構築流程，找出原型系統構成之盲點，經反覆檢討與修正後，再建構足尺模型，最後就此流程之經驗分享以及觀察發現，提出未來操作的建議。
本研究以參數化設計軟體為工具，鏈結早期設計的變量調整、反覆修改與後期的數位製造，成功開發並構築出一種新型式的曲面格子樑構造系統。研究過程中所建立的數位構築之操作流程，並可提供未來類似研究之參考。

In this era of vigorous development in digital technology, computer has become an essential tool in every process from the architecture concept design to the construction process. New digital fabrication technology does not only use software to build 3D models and simulate visual effects, but can also provide derivative finding, parametric adjustment with possibilities of linking it with other professional fields like digital manufacturing, and this also points out the key technology blind spot in the development of Taiwan’s architecture in digital design towards practical digital architecture. In view of this, the research will use the design of the curved grid-slab structural system as an example, and try to bring in more parametric design tools and methods, using the process of practical operation to simulate the digital architecture process, and thus provide new operational thoughts in the digital architecture technique in our nation.
This research uses CBD (Case Base Design) to find a base for the curved grid-slab structural system. Using references and cases to analyze and solve the problems related to curved grid-slab structure, and then use this as a case to revise the initial case to fulfill the marginal conditions of the original settings. The curved grid-slab structural system uses the open-box type elements as a unit and is completed by fabricating a latch system. In order to improve efficiency of bending resistance, and using tapering process to setup the four surfaces of the open-box type elements, and reflecting it on the bending moment distribution of the structural system. The four edges will be bended to fulfill the geometric requirements to be able to bend in the 3d surface. By the geometric operation of translation, zoom and normal configuration, it can allow the curve grid-slab system to produce a smoother 3d surface, and the surface can also be constructed by plane quad unit to facilitate the manufacture and production of enclosed materials. The space setup and the geometric shape of the five surfaces can be designed and controlled through parametric which enables the geometric and construction surfaces to be able to have optimal adjustments.
In order to prove the possibilities of the construction of the prototype system, this research uses corrugated paper as the material, and then uses the analyzed geometric data’s received from the curved grid-slab structural design and then entering it into the laser cutter to continue the digital fabrication process; first building the scale model through the simulation fabrication process to find out the blind spot in the original prototype system, and after several reviews and adjustments, we build the full-scale model. At the last, we share the experiences in the process and the observations to propose suggestions for future uses.
This research uses parametric design software as tool, to connect with the variable adjustments of the earlier designs and successfully develop a new type of curved grid-slab structural system. The operation process of the digital fabrication system during the research process can be used as references in future researches.

摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. I
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………..………….... III
謝誌……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………... V
目錄…………………………………………………….………………………………………..……………. VII
圖目錄………………………………………………………………….………………………....…………. IX
表目錄……………………………………………………………………….………………….………….… XIII
第１章 緒論
1 緣起 .......................................................................................................................... 1
2 研究目的 ................................................................................................................. 1
3 研究內容與範圍 .................................................................................................... 1
4 研究方法 ................................................................................................................. 2
4.1 案例導向設計法 ........................................................................................ 2
4.2 設計與模型實作 ........................................................................................ 3
5 研究架構 ................................................................................................................. 3
第2章 文獻回顧與案例分析
1 文獻回顧 ................................................................................................................. 5
1.1 格子樑板結構系統 .................................................................................... 5
1.2 數位製造 ..................................................................................................... 7
1.3 參數化設計工具 ........................................................................................ 7
2 案例分析 ............................................................................................................... 12
2.1 藝術家空間 ............................................................................................... 13
2.2 水滴展覽館 ............................................................................................... 15
2.3 傀儡劇院 ................................................................................................... 19
2.4 可回應曲面構造 ...................................................................................... 21
2.5 建築聯盟2008設計研究所十周年展覽館 ....................................... 24
2.6 柏林中央車站 .......................................................................................... 26
2.7 都市天傘 ................................................................................................... 28
3 小結 ........................................................................................................................ 30
第3章 設計歷程
1 設計目標與需求 .................................................................................................. 33
2 設計限制 ............................................................................................................... 34
3 設計流程 ............................................................................................................... 35
3.1 以曲面上之切面決定樑(sectioning)的方式造成的問題 .............. 35
3.2 曲面法線延伸樑之做法 ......................................................................... 38
3.3 將樑支解的構造方式 ............................................................................. 42
3.4 利用單元組合鎖接避免多向接點........................................................ 43
3.5 單元展開法 ............................................................................................... 46
3.6 單元間結構補強之做法 ......................................................................... 49
第4章 設計原型與實體模型操作
1 設計實作流程....................................................................................................... 57
2 數位模型建構....................................................................................................... 58
2.1 定義幾何形 ............................................................................................... 58
2.2 單元分割 ................................................................................................... 62
2.3 以衍生式設計製作展開圖 ..................................................................... 63
2.4 編號 ............................................................................................................ 67
2.5 參數化設計 ............................................................................................... 67
2.6 結構補強 ................................................................................................... 71
3 實體模型製作....................................................................................................... 73
3.1 單元板片切割 .......................................................................................... 73
3.2 單元製造 ................................................................................................... 75
3.3 單元組裝 ................................................................................................... 75
3.4 問題討論與調整 ...................................................................................... 79
3.5 參數之修正 ............................................................................................... 81
4 設計實作檢討....................................................................................................... 83
4.1 參數化檢討 ............................................................................................... 84
4.2 足尺模型問題討論 .................................................................................. 85
4.3 建議 ............................................................................................................ 87
第5章 結論與後續研究建議
1 結論 ........................................................................................................................ 89
2 後續研究建議....................................................................................................... 90
參考文獻 ............................................................................................................................. 93

                                

外文文獻
1. Aish, R. (2005). A parametric and associative design system for architecture,building engineering and digital fabrication. Introduction to Generative Components .
2. Greg Lynn, Mark Rappolt. (2008). Greg Lynn FORM. New York: Rizzoli.
3. Helmut Pottmann, Andreas Asperl, Michael Hofer, Axel Kilian. (2007). Architectural Geometry. Bentley Institute Press.
4. Iwamoto, L. (2009). Digital Fabrications. New York: Princeton Architectural Press.
5. James Glympha, Dennis Sheldena, Cristiano Ceccatoa, Judith Mussela, Hans Schobe. (2004). A parametric strategy for free-form glass structures using. Automation in Construction , 187– 202.
6. Kolarevic, B. (2005). Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing. New York: Spon Press.
7. Lehrter Main Station in Berlin . (2005). Detail , p. 1449 - 1455.
8. Lynn, G. (1999). Animate form. New York: Princeton Architectural Press.
9. Meredith, M. (2008). From Control to Design. New York: Actar-D.
10. Michael Hensel, Defne Sunguroglu and Achim Menges. (2008). Material Performance . Architectural Design , 34–41.
11. Moussavi, F. (2009). The Function of Form. Actar and Harvard Graduate School of Design.
12. Schmal, P. C. (2004). Workflow: Struktur - Architektur, Architecture - Engineering. Birkhäuser Architecture.
網路文獻
1. www.bentley.com
2. Fanken-Achitekten: http://www.franken-architekten.de/
3. http://www.mos-office.net/
4. [C]SPACE - DRL10 PAVILION: http://cspacepavilion.blogspot.com/
5. J. MAYER H: http://www.jmayerh.de/home.htm

全文公開日期 2012/07/15 (校內網路)
全文公開日期本全文未授權公開 (校外網路)
全文公開日期本全文未授權公開 (國家圖書館：臺灣博碩士論文系統)

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