長照機構與一般建築物不同，收容人員包含從業人員、受顧人員，其中以受顧人員包含可移動人員、具部分移動能力需輔具人員及無法移動需完全協助人員，需受顧者以老年行動不便者居多，導致在火災發生時，更加具了逃生避難之難度。本研究模擬長照機構住房空間，並進行系列之模擬火災實驗，以了解火災成因(圍簾、床、床頭櫃、床墊等) 如何擴大成長，包括觀察住房溫度、煙氣變化情形以及隔間無置頂是否會對鄰室造成危害與增長火勢。
並參考建築技術規則、護理機構分類設置標準及老人福利機構設置標準等相關法規建置，為因應長照機構多種情況，本研究以三種情境：情境一(無開啟自然排煙窗)、情境二(有開啟自然排煙窗)以及情境三(迴風口與圍簾)來進行實驗，模擬火災發生時可能會產生之問題與影響。
從火焰成長來看，點火至偵煙探測器啟動(二種)這段時間為火焰之潛伏期，三種情境之潛伏期時間約為2分鐘，因此，從偵煙探測器鳴動後，火勢以T的二次方穩定成長火焰高度達1公尺。
引燃約4分鐘時，火勢開始快速上升，火焰所產生之濃煙也下降至地面高度1.8公尺處，由此可知，警報與煙層下降至距離地面1.8公尺時間僅剩約2分鐘之時間，避難撤離時間相當緊迫，但這三種情境關門前，皆無發生延燒至鄰床之現象。

The long-shot agency is different from general buildings. The containment personnel include practitioners and educated personnel. Among them, the educated personnel include movable personnel, those with partial mobility need auxiliary equipment, and those who cannot move need full assistance.the people who need to be advised are mostly elderly people with limited mobility, which makes it more difficult to escape and evacuate when a fire occurs. This study simulates the housing space of a long-term photo agency and conducts a series of simulated fire experiments to understand how the causes of fire (curtains, beds, bedside tables, mattresses, etc.) expand and grow, including observing the housing temperature, flue gas changes, and the absence of compartments. Whether the top will cause harm to the neighboring room and increase the fire.
In order to seek the accuracy and authenticity of the experiment, this study builds a five-person room type space with full-length long-term care institutions, and builds on the relevant technical regulations such as building technology rules, nursing facility classification setting standards and elderly welfare institution setting standards. According to various circumstances of the institution, this study conducted three scenarios: scenario 1 (without opening natural smoke exhaust window), scenario 2 (with open natural smoke exhaust window), and scenario 3 (return air vent and curtain) to simulate when a fire occurs What kind of problems and impacts may occur.
From the perspective of flame growth, the period from ignition to the start of the smoke detector (two types) is the incubation period of the flame. The incubation period of the three scenarios is about 2 minutes. Therefore, after the smoke detector sounds, the fire is The power grows steadily and the flame height reaches 1 meter.
After about 4 minutes of ignition, the fire began to rise rapidly, and the smoke layer also fell to the ground height of 1.8 meters. From this, the alarm and smoke layer fell to 1.8 meters from the ground, only about 2 minutes left, evacuation The evacuation time is quite urgent, but before these three scenarios are closed, there is no phenomenon of burning to the adjacent bed. This data represents only preliminary research.

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