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研究生: 郭昺辰
Ping-chen Kuo
論文名稱: 應用適應性彩色條紋輪廓法於三維量測系統開發與研製
Development and Research on Applying Adaptive Color Fringe Projection Profilometry on 3-D Measurement System
指導教授: 郭中豐
Chung-Feng Jeffrey Kuo
口試委員: 黃昌群
Chang-Chiun Huang
趙新民
Shin-Min Chao
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 自動化及控制研究所
Graduate Institute of Automation and Control
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 90
中文關鍵詞: 彩色條紋投影輪廓法編碼模板相位誤差校正彩色混疊校正單應性轉換矩陣自適應條紋
外文關鍵詞: color fringe projection profilometry, code pattern, phase error correction, color cross-talk, homography, adaptive fringe
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現今工業上3C產品皆以輕薄短小為設計目標,其中又以智慧型3C產品為大宗,而此類產品為維持攜帶之便利性,因此尺寸以小於5吋為設計基準,在此設計目標下,對於尺寸精度的要求也隨之提高,但礙於成本考量,現今產業往往只對其二維尺寸進行量測,無法避免三維尺寸的誤差影響產品的良率,因此目前業界對於低成本、高量測精度、效率及量測適應能力的三維量測機台之需求性與日俱增,而相位平移輪廓法因具備有以上特點,更成為近年來學者們爭相研究的對象。
現有相位平移輪廓法中對於待測物件表面反射係數之差異,皆以試誤法的方式選取條紋強度參數,且在待測物件高度不連續變化下,因無法正確取得纏繞相位的補償值,造成相位解纏繞錯誤的現象,而量測效率方面也因多張條紋模板的投影無法有效的提升。
因此本研究開發出一套軟硬體搭配之量測系統,提出創新的條紋適應性偵測演算法,根據不同待測物之反射係數自動調節條紋強度,避免影像過曝現象。在高度不連續變化之物件量測上,利用新穎的強度差異編碼相位解纏繞技術,克服傳統相位解纏繞之技術瓶頸。
為提升量測效率,本研究將條紋模板及強度差異編碼模板以三通道的彩色資訊結合,生成適應性的彩色複合式條紋模板,相較於傳統灰階條紋模板提升近兩倍之量測效率。
提升量測精度方面,本研究分別以鏡頭畸變校正技術校正扭曲的二維空間座標、亮度增益函數校正亮度不均現象、三階樣條擬合系統響應反函數,校正三通道亮度非線性響應以及彩色混疊校正技術分離三通道影像。
最後系統適應能力方面,本研究透過強度差異的編碼,成功克服傳統方法量測物件高度不連續變化的技術瓶頸,此外對待測物件表面反射係數適應能力的部分,利用本研究創新的條紋適應性偵測演算法,避免條紋強度因物件表面反射超出感測器動態區間之現象。
實驗證實透過本研究開發之彩色複合式條紋模板及條紋適應性偵測法,使得系統重復精度達到 ,且突破傳統方法對於待測物件高度不連續變化之技術瓶頸,達到低成本、高量測精度、效率以及適應能力之三維量測系統設計。


Nowadays, the goals of designing 3C products are producing slim and light products in an industrial scale. Among, smart 3C products are considered the most to maintain convenience of carrying. Size less than 5 inches is a basic. With such goals, dimensional accuracy requirements needs to improve. However, due to cost considerations, an only two-dimensional measurement of its size is used currently and cannot avoid the impact of the three-dimensional size error of product yield. The requirement of the 3D scanning and reconstruction of electronic components is growing. The ability to adapt the system to improve the measurement accuracy and efficiency became the focus of academic research. The phase-shifting profilometry method has the above characteristics, becoming the method of competing research.
However, the phase-shifting profilometry method has some drawbacks. When the tested object has variation in reflection intensity, the method will use trial and error approach to select the stripes intensity. Another is that in the case of discontinuities, the height steps resulted in unwrapping failure. Lastly, due to the multiple stripe pattern captured, the effectively of measurement cannot be improved.
Therefore, this paper developed a set of hardware and software measuring system with the proposed innovative adaptive fringe detection algorithm innovative. The intensity of the reflection coefficient of different stripes tested object was automatically adjusted, to avoid overexposure phenomenon. In order to reconstruct the case of discontinuities by height steps, a novel approach in intensity difference encoding phase unwrapping technology is used to overcome technical bottlenecks of conventional phase unwrapping.
This research combines stripes pattern and intensity differences encode pattern to composite color stripe. Compared to traditional gray stripes, it enhances the efficiency of nearly twice the measured.
The experiment proved a developed system with low-cost hardware equipment of a measurement accu-racy of . This study overcomes the drawback of the phase-shifting profilometry method, and achieved the goal of low-cost equipment, high measurement ac-curacy, efficiency, and ability to adapt.

一、緒論 二、硬體架構及研究流程 三、研究方法及相關理論 四、系統校正 五、實驗方法與討論 六、結論及未來展望

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