軟體定義網路中因外卡規則所產生溢出之縮減：基於重要性之相依性規則安裝

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研究生：	林彥丞 Yen-Cheng Lin
論文名稱：	軟體定義網路中因外卡規則所產生溢出之縮減：基於重要性之相依性規則安裝 Overflow Reduction Caused by Wildcard Rules in SDN: Importance-Based Installation of Dependency Rules
指導教授：	馮輝文 Huei-Wen Ferng
口試委員:	林嘉慶 Jia-Chin Lin 沈上翔 Shan-Hsiang Shen 謝宏昀 Hung-Yun Hsieh
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電資學院 - 資訊工程系 Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering
論文出版年：	2021
畢業學年度：	109
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	40
中文關鍵詞：	軟體定義網路、三元內容定址記憶體、相依性問題、轉送表、外卡規則
外文關鍵詞：	SDN, TCAM, Rule Dependency Problem, Flow Table, Wildcard Rule
相關次數：	點閱：218 下載：1
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軟體定義網路 (SoftwareDefined Networking, SDN) 是目前受到各界關注的網路架構，它透過分離資料層 (Data Plane) 以及控制層 (Control Plane)，使得管理者可以透過控制器 (Controller) 來對整個網路架構進行有彈性且集中化的管理，增加網路的使用效率，其目前應用於許多的大型網路架構。然而軟體定義網路專用交換器使用的三元內容定址記憶體 (Ternary Content Addressable Memory, TCAM) 造價昂貴，易產生容量不足的問題，導致轉送表 (Flow Table) 的規則溢出(Overflow)。目前已經有研究顯示：規則溢出會造成網路傳輸效率降低。這般問題在外卡規則 (Wildcard Rule) 的加入後變得更加嚴重，因為外卡規則之間存在著相依性問題 (Dependency Problem)，導致安裝一個外卡規則時會需要連帶安裝大量的相依性規則來避免發生錯誤路由。因此，本論文提出基於重要性之相依性規則安裝方法，其透過追蹤相依性規則在交換器的資訊來評估規則的重要性，做為是否安裝該規則的依據，經控制器處理後，再判斷是否為值得安裝的規則，藉此減少非重要規則的安裝以降低轉送表發生規則溢出的數量。透過模擬檢驗，本論文所提出的方法能較文獻上相關的方法在轉送表規則溢出數量以及規則總安裝次數有更佳的表現，並且在不產生溢出的情境下，能承受更高的資料流速率。

The softwaredefined networking (SDN) is a popular network structure which seper ates the control plane from the data plane and introduces a central controller to control the whole network flexibly. With proper management, SDN helps improve the network performance and has been employed in many largescale networks. However, the ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) used by the modern SDN switches is sizelimited, expensive, and power hungry. Moreover, the small size of TCAM increases the risk of flow table overflow, causing network perfor mance degradation as illustrated by some research papers. In the meanwhile, wildcard rules in SDN makes such things even worse because dependency prob lems between wildcard rules trigger numerous dependency rules to be install to avoid false forwarding. Targeting at this, the importancebased installation for dependency rules will be proposed in this thesis. By tracking the status of depen dency rules in switches, the controller can determine whether some dependency rules are worthy to be installed or not. Avoiding installing less importance rules can reduce the amount of overflows in the network. Via simulations, we success fully show that our proposed mechanism can decrease the amount of overflows and the total times of rule installation greatly, enhancing the endurance of the flow rate to reach the overflow.

中文摘要    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    i

英文摘要    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    ii

誌謝 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    iii

目錄    iv
表目錄    vii
圖目錄    viii
第一章、緒論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    1
1    軟體定義網路介紹    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    1
1.1    技術簡介    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    1
1.2    控制器 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    2
1.3    轉送表 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    2
1.4    轉送表規則 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    2
1.5    轉送表溢出 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    3
1.6    外卡規則    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    4
2    研究動機    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    4
3    論文章節安排 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    5
第 二 章 、 相 關 文 獻 回 顧 文 獻 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    6
1    轉送表溢出相關文獻 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    6
2    外卡規則相關文獻    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    7
2.1    相依性問題硬超時機制 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    9
2.2    相依性問題空閒超時機制    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    9
3    混和式基於 Q 學習超時機制    10
3.1    相依性問題混和式機制    10
3.2    基於 Q 學習適應邏輯    11
第三章、基於重要性之相依性規則安裝    13
1    問題描述    13
2    基於重要性之相依性規則安裝設計    14
2.1    取得規則相依性關係 (演算法 1)    14
2.2    控制器規則安裝 (演算法 2)    19
2.3    評估規則重要性 (演算法 3)    21
2.4    轉送表溢出時的相依性問題 (演算法 4)    23
第四章、數值結果與討論    27
1    模擬環境參數設定    27
2    模擬情境–不同超時種類設定機制    28
2.1    轉送表溢出    28
2.2    規則總安裝數量    30
2.3    轉送表觸及率    30
2.4    壓力測式    31
3    模擬情境–不同超時時間適應邏輯    32
3.1    轉送表溢出    32
3.2    規則總安裝次數    33
3.3    轉送表觸及率    33
3.4    壓力測式    34
4    控制器處理時間    34
第五章、結論    36
參考文獻    37

                                

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