地震輸入能量等於結構產生的動能、阻尼消散能、彈性應變能與
系統遲滯能之合，此為能量法(Energy Method)之準則。
能量法依積分時間範圍之不同可分為(1)總輸入能量與(2)瞬時輸
入能量，前者描述整個地震歷時中作用結構所累積的總輸入能量；後
者為地震歷時中以結構相鄰兩次最大位移為時間區間，考慮地震於每
時間間隔作用結構物的瞬時輸入能量，瞬時輸入能量為本論文研究之
重點。
本研究針對一單自由度系統分析得彈性之絕對瞬時輸入能量反
應譜與相對瞬時輸入能量反應譜。並將十六筆反應譜相容地震所得之
彈性絕對瞬時能量譜與相對瞬時能量譜分別和不同降伏後勁度α之
非彈性位移譜比較，觀察兩兩地表加速度紀錄之瞬時能量譜與非彈性
位移譜大小關係之一致性。
研究結果顯示，相較於絕對瞬時能量譜，相對瞬時能量譜與非彈
性位移譜於前述大小關係上有較高之一致性。當兩地表加速度於某一
週期下之相對瞬時能量譜差距達40%以上時，此一致性之成功率約
80%。彈性相對瞬時能量譜可反映結構之非彈性最大位移之大小相對
關係，若將結構物之非彈性最大位移當破壞潛勢之指標，換言之，彈
性相對瞬時能量譜可反映地震對結構之破壞潛勢。

In the energy method for seismic design of structures, the total input
energy is equal to the sum of kinetic energy, damping energy, elastic
strain energy and hysteretic energy. To date, there have been two energy
methods in evaluating the damage potential of earthquake ground
motions to structures: (1) the total input energy method and (2) the
momentary input energy. The first method is based on the accumulated
energy input to the structure during the ground shaking. The second
method is conceptually similar to the “input power” to the structure.
However, the significance of momentary input energy is to evaluate the
input energy during certain time period rather than an infinitesimal time
period. In the previous researches, the finite time interval is often adopted
as one half cycle of structural vibration, i.e. the time duration from the
absolute maximum displacement to the next absolute maximum
displacement of the cyclic history response of a structure subjected to a
ground excitation. The momentary input energy is the focus of this thesis.
According to the report published by Uang and Bertero, the input
energy is identified as the absolute input energy and the relative input
energy. In this study, the absolute momentary input energy spectrum and
the relative momentary input energy spectrum are calculated based on the
elastic response history of a single degree of freedom system.
Base on the study it is found that the elastic momentary input energy
spectrum is better than the elastic spectrum to reflect the damage
potential of an earthquake. Furthermore, the relative momentary input
energy spectrum is better than the absolute momentary input energy
spectrum to indicate the inelastic displacement demand by an earthquake
ground motion.

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