The rapid growth of mobile traffic in a user equipment (UE) demands more energy and drain battery life faster. Minimizing energy consumption during data transmission in UEs is an urgent issue. One of the techniques to minimize energy consumption is user cooperation, which is a way for a UE to help other UE by relaying traffic. Previous work had proposed various techniques for user cooperation to improve energy efficiency. Some previous work had proposed several relay routing techniques of user cooperation in multi-hop networks including incorporates a pair of short-range and long-range wireless interfaces. However, currently many UEs have been equipped with multiple wireless interfaces, not only just two. Hence, in this dissertation, the user cooperation relay routing in multi-hop multi-interface network is further studied. This study has two research directions: data plane and control plane. In data plane, a centralized energy efficient relay routing algorithm for user cooperation to save overall energy consumption in multi-hop multi-interface networks is proposed. In control plane, a centralized routing scheme to provide low-overhead routing management is proposed.
In the first research, the routing problem of minimizing overall energy consumption in a multi-hop user cooperation network where the UEs have multiple wireless interfaces is formulated. Then, the minimization problem is constructed as an undirected multigraph. Lowest energy consumption first (LECF) algorithm is proposed to solve the problem centrally. LECF first selects short-range wireless communication that has the lowest energy consumption between every UEs. Then, LECF employs the Dijkstra’s algorithm to solve the routing problem. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is able to solve the problem and reduces the overall energy consumptions. LECF consume energy, on average, 87% less than the non-cooperative approach in general evaluation scenario.
In the second research, to provide the LECF centralized control functionality to gather the network conditions and broadcast their routing decisions to the UEs, a Software Defined Wireless Network (SDWN) architecture is presented to enabled this centralized wireless network behavior. Several previous works actually had been demonstrated the feasibility of SDWN architecture for a centralized wireless routing control however they did not take into account the communication control overhead. Thus, a routing control scheme, entitled Low-Overhead Wireless SDN Routing (LWSR), for multi-hop multi-interface user cooperation network is further proposed to manage this SDN wireless network. To keep the low overhead, LWSR uses a hybrid reactive-proactive approach in managing the routing paths. Several experiments have been conducted to evaluate the performance of LWSR. The simulation result shows that the LWSR produces less control overhead by 55% while having faster convergence by 40% than the previous work.

The rapid growth of mobile traffic in a user equipment (UE) demands more energy and drain battery life faster. Minimizing energy consumption during data transmission in UEs is an urgent issue. One of the techniques to minimize energy consumption is user cooperation, which is a way for a UE to help other UE by relaying traffic. Previous work had proposed various techniques for user cooperation to improve energy efficiency. Some previous work had proposed several relay routing techniques of user cooperation in multi-hop networks including incorporates a pair of short-range and long-range wireless interfaces. However, currently many UEs have been equipped with multiple wireless interfaces, not only just two. Hence, in this dissertation, the user cooperation relay routing in multi-hop multi-interface network is further studied. This study has two research directions: data plane and control plane. In data plane, a centralized energy efficient relay routing algorithm for user cooperation to save overall energy consumption in multi-hop multi-interface networks is proposed. In control plane, a centralized routing scheme to provide low-overhead routing management is proposed.
In the first research, the routing problem of minimizing overall energy consumption in a multi-hop user cooperation network where the UEs have multiple wireless interfaces is formulated. Then, the minimization problem is constructed as an undirected multigraph. Lowest energy consumption first (LECF) algorithm is proposed to solve the problem centrally. LECF first selects short-range wireless communication that has the lowest energy consumption between every UEs. Then, LECF employs the Dijkstra’s algorithm to solve the routing problem. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is able to solve the problem and reduces the overall energy consumptions. LECF consume energy, on average, 87% less than the non-cooperative approach in general evaluation scenario.
In the second research, to provide the LECF centralized control functionality to gather the network conditions and broadcast their routing decisions to the UEs, a Software Defined Wireless Network (SDWN) architecture is presented to enabled this centralized wireless network behavior. Several previous works actually had been demonstrated the feasibility of SDWN architecture for a centralized wireless routing control however they did not take into account the communication control overhead. Thus, a routing control scheme, entitled Low-Overhead Wireless SDN Routing (LWSR), for multi-hop multi-interface user cooperation network is further proposed to manage this SDN wireless network. To keep the low overhead, LWSR uses a hybrid reactive-proactive approach in managing the routing paths. Several experiments have been conducted to evaluate the performance of LWSR. The simulation result shows that the LWSR produces less control overhead by 55% while having faster convergence by 40% than the previous work.

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