The Green Vehicle Routing Problem with Soft Time Windows for Cold Chain Logistics (GVRPSTWCC) addresses the delivery problem in cold chain distribution of a fresh food supplier satisfying customer requirements in terms of time windows and demands. The problem aims to find an optimal routing plan which minimizes the total cost consisting of operating cost, quality loss cost, product freshness cost, penalty cost, energy cost, and CO2 emissions cost. We develop a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model for the problem and propose an adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) metaheuristic to solve small instances and a real-world case. The case study is a cold chain distribution company based in Chongqing, China which owns a single distribution center and distributes fresh vegetables to 16 customers. Moreover, computational experiments are conducted to analyze the efficiency of ALNS solving the test instance to the optimal solution. The experimental results indicate that the CO2 emission cost could be control in a range of increasing CO2 unit price. This unchanged scenario helps the company to balance the utilization of vehicle to serve customers

The Green Vehicle Routing Problem with Soft Time Windows for Cold Chain Logistics (GVRPSTWCC) addresses the delivery problem in cold chain distribution of a fresh food supplier satisfying customer requirements in terms of time windows and demands. The problem aims to find an optimal routing plan which minimizes the total cost consisting of operating cost, quality loss cost, product freshness cost, penalty cost, energy cost, and CO2 emissions cost. We develop a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model for the problem and propose an adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) metaheuristic to solve small instances and a real-world case. The case study is a cold chain distribution company based in Chongqing, China which owns a single distribution center and distributes fresh vegetables to 16 customers. Moreover, computational experiments are conducted to analyze the efficiency of ALNS solving the test instance to the optimal solution. The experimental results indicate that the CO2 emission cost could be control in a range of increasing CO2 unit price. This unchanged scenario helps the company to balance the utilization of vehicle to serve customers

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