在現在的社會中，有各式各樣的 3C 產品有供電需求，而為了追
求方便性，所以全世界透過設定統一化的連接埠和單一個電源供應器
來滿足需求。一般電源轉換器都是使用返馳式轉換器，因此轉換器以
高度隔離、簡單結構、高效率、輸出電壓調節能力和輸出過電流保護
等優點，使其廣泛應用於各種電源轉換和隔離應用中。但因為輸出功
率隨著負載轉換，導致效率非最佳之狀態，因此本論文設計一個返馳
式電源轉換器，並用不同材質的半導體電晶體來改善上述的問題。
本論文用軟體 SIMetrix/SIMPLIS 建置返馳式轉換器之模型，此
模型電路使用邊界導通模式，具有柔性切換的特性，可以減少開關損
耗，依照模擬的數據可作參考。在實際測量階段，分別固定輸入電壓
為 90???、115???、230???和 264???，負載為 65W 滿載下，使用氮化
鎵和矽兩種不同材料之半導體電晶體，發現在使用氮化鎵電晶體可使
最高平均效率在 91.54%，和矽場效電晶體的平均效率 89.05%相比，
效率可提升至少 2%，損失也有大幅的下降，這也證明了氮化鎵電晶
體比矽電晶體有更好的開關性能和低開關損耗，同時因為高頻、高熱
傳導性和高電壓耐受性等因素，讓變壓器等設備體積可以縮小，使氮
化鎵電晶體可應用的產品和前景更加寬廣。

In today's society, there are various 3C products that have power supply
needs. In order to pursue convenience, the world meets the needs by setting
unified connection ports and a single power supply. Generally, power
converters use flyback converters, so the converters are widely used in
various power conversion and isolation applications due to their
advantages of high isolation, simple structure, high efficiency, output
voltage regulation capability and output over-current protection.
However, because the output power is converted with the load, the
efficiency is not optimal. Therefore, this paper designs a flyback power
converter and uses semiconductor field effect transistors of different
materials to improve the above problems.
This thesis uses the software SIMetrix/SIMPLIS to build a model of
the flyback converter. This model circuit uses the boundary conduction
mode and has the characteristics of flexible switching, which can reduce
switching losses. The simulated data can be used as a reference. In the
actual measurement stage, the input voltages were fixed at 90???, 115???,
230??? and 264???, and the load was 65W at full load. Two semiconductor
field-effect transistors made of gallium nitride and silicon were used. It was
found that the GaN field-effect transistor The crystal can achieve the
highest average efficiency of 91.54%. Compared with the average
efficiency of silicon field effect transistors of 89.05%, the efficiency can
be increased by at least 2%, and the loss is also greatly reduced. This also
proves that GaN field effect transistors are more efficient than silicon The
field effect transistor has better switching performance and low switching
loss, at the same time, due to factors such as high frequency, high thermal
conductivity and high voltage tolerance, the volume of transformers and
other equipment can be reduced， which makes the applicable products
and prospects of the GaN field effect transistor broader.

[1] M. S. Shur and R. Zukauskas, “Solid-State Lighting: Toward Superior Illumination,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 93, pp. 1691-1703, 2005. http://www.designrecycleinc.com/led%20comp%20chart.html
[2] N. Chen and H. S. H. Chung, “A Driving Technology for Retrofit LED Lamp for Fluorescent Lighting Fixtures with Electronic Ballasts,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 26, pp. 588-601, 2011.
[3] J. Cardes, D. Garc, L. a, L. E, et al., “Low Cost Intelligent LED Driver for Public Lighting Smart Grids,” in New Concepts in Smart Cities: Fostering Public and Private Alliances (SmartMILE), 2013 International Conference on, 2013, pp. 1-6.
[4] D. G. Lamar, M. Arias, M. M. Hernando, and J. Sebastian, “Using the Loss-Free Resistor Concept to Design a Simple AC-DC HB-LED Driver for Retrofit Lamp Applications,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 51, pp. 2300-2311, 2015.
[5] (Jul, 2016). Comparison Chart : LED Lights vs. Incandescent Light Bulbs vs. CFLs. Available:
[6] L. Bor-Ren, W. Ta-Chang, and C. Huann-Keng, “Novel AC Line Conditioner for Power Factor Correction,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 40, pp. 168-179, 2004.
[7] F.Cau, J. Liu, and Y. Zhang, “ A switching strategy of dead-time elimination for pulse width modulation convrters,” Future Energy Electronic Conference(IFEEC), Nov.2015.
[8] A. K. S. Bhat, “Analysis and design of a modified series resonant converter,” IEEE Transactions on Power Eletronics, vol. 8, pp.423-430,1993.
[9] R. Oruganti, and T. C. How, “Resonant-tank control of parallel resonant converter,” IEEE Transactions on Power Eletronics, vol. 8, pp.127-134,1993.
[10] K. H. Liu, R. Oruganti, and F. C. Y. Lee，“Quasi-Resonant Converter-Topologies and Characteristics,” IEEE Transactions on Power Eletronics, vol. PE-2, pp.66-71,1987.

[11] R. J. Wai,C. Y. Lin, and L. W. Liu, “Voltage-clamped forword quasi-resonant converter with soft switching and reduced switch stress,” IEE Proceedings Electric Power Applications, vol. 152, pp.558-564,2005.
[12] H. Chung, S. Y. R. Hui, and W. H. Wang, “An Isolated ZVS/ZCS Flyback Converter Using the Leakage Inductance of the Coupled Inductor,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, pp. 679-682, 1998.
[13] T. Yan, J. Xu, F. Zhang, J. Sha, and Z. Dong, “Variable-On-Time-Controlled Critical-Conduction-Mode Flyback PFC Converter,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 61, pp. 6091-6099, 2014.
[14] M. M. A. Aziz, E. E.-D. A. El-Zahab, A. M. Ibrahim, and A. F. Zobaa, “Effect of Connecting Shunt Capacitor on Nonlinear Load Terminals,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 18, pp. 1450-1454, 2003.
[15] 宋自恆、林慶仁，「功率因數修正電路之原理與常用元件規格」，新電子科技雜誌，第217 期，頁數：1-15，2004年4月。
[16] 蔡右平，「高效率可調光之返馳式LED驅動器研製」，碩士論
文，電機工程系，國立台灣科技大學，台北市，2016
[17] D. W. Hart and S. Y. Ou, Power Electronics, Annotated ed.: McGraw-Hill, 2011.
[18] 郭明豪，「準諧振返馳式轉換器研製」，碩士論文，電機工程系，國立臺灣科技大學，台北市，2014。
[19] 吳義利，切換式電源轉換器 原理與實用設計技術 (實例設計導向)，2 ed.: 文笙書局，2015。
[20] “Power factor correction (PFC) handbook, Rev. 5,” ON Semiconductor, 2014.
[21] L. Zheren and K. M. Smedley, “A Family of Continuous Conduction Mode Power Factor Correction Controllers Based on the General Pulse-Width Modulator,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 13, pp. 501-510, 1998.
[22] K. Yao, X. Ruan, X. Mao, and Z. Ye, “Variable-Duty-Cycle Control to Achieve High Input Power Factor for DCM Boost PFC Converter,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 58, pp. 1856-1865, 2011.
[23] L. Huber, B. T. Irving, and M. M. Jovanovic, “Effect of Valley Switching and Switching-Frequency Limitation on Line-Current Distortions of DCM/CCM Boundary Boost PFC Converters,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 24, pp. 339-347, 2009.
[24] L. Rossetto, G. Spiazzi, and P. Tenti, “Control Techniques for Power Factor Correction Converter,” In Proc. PEMC, pp. 1310-1318, Sept 1994.
[25] D. W. Hart and S. Y. Ou, Power Eletronics, Annotated ed.:McGraw-Hill,2011.
[26] T.Halder, “Synthesis of Hard and Soft Switching Skills of The MOSFET With the Flyback Converters,” IEEE Delhi Section Conference,2022
[27] J. Zhang, H. Zeng, and X. Wu, “An Adaptive Blanking Time Control Scheme for an Audible Noise-Free Quasi-Resonant Flyback Converter,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 26, pp. 2735-2742, 2011.
[28] W. Huai and I. Batarseh, “Comparison of Basic Converter Topologies for Power Factor Correction,” in Southeastcon '98. Proceedings. IEEE, 1998, pp. 348-353.
[29] X. Xie, J. Wang, C. Zhao, Q. Lu, and S. Liu, “A Novel Output Current Estimation and Regulation Circuit for Primary Side Controlled High Power Factor Single-Stage Flyback LED Driver,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 27, pp. 4602-4612, 2012.
[30] W. Hongmin, L. Zhili, and D. Jing, “High-Power LED Constant-Current Driver Circuit Design and Efficiency Analysis,” in Cross Strait Quad-Regional Radio Science and Wireless Technology Conference (CSQRWC), 2011, 2011, pp. 705-710.
[31] C. Chang, Y. Xu, B. Bian, and X. Zhao, “A High-Precision CV/CC AC-DC Converter Based on Cable and Inductance Compensation Schemes,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, pp. 6372-6382, 2016.
[32] D. Gacio, J. M. Alonso, J. Garcia, L. Campa, M. J. Crespo, and M. Rico-Secades, “PWM Series Dimming for Slow-Dynamics HPF LED Drivers: the High-Frequency Approach,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 59, pp. 1717-1727, 2012.
[33] 陳彥衛，「新型效率修正轉換器設計應用於Type-C型電力傳輸控制器」，碩士論文，電機工程系，國立臺灣科技大學，台北市，2017。
[34] C. Qiao and K. M. Smedley, “A Topology Survey of Single-Stage Power Factor Corrector with a Boost Type Input-Current-Shaper,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 360-368, 2001.Y. Hu, L. Huber, M. M. Jovanovi, and x, “Single-Stage, Universal-Input AC/DC LED Driver with Current-Controlled Variable PFC Boost Inductor,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 27, pp. 1579-1588, 2012.
[35] G. A. Karveis, and S.N. Manias, “Analysis and Design of a Flyback Zero-Current Switched Quasi-Resonant AC/DC Converter,” IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, vo1. 1, pp. 475-480, Jun. 1996.
[36] D. Gacio, J. M. Alonso, A. J. Calleja, J. Garcia, and M. Rico-Secades, “A Universal-Input Single-Stage High-Power-Factor Power Supply for HB-LEDs Based on Integrated Buck-Flyback Converter,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 58, pp. 589-599, 2011.
[37] C. A. Cheng, C. H. Chang, T. Y. Chung, and F. L. Yang, “Design and Implementation of a Single-Stage Driver for Supplying an LED Street-Lighting Module with Power Factor Corrections,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 30, pp. 956-966, 2015.
[38] STMicroelectronics, “Design Equations of High-Power-Factor Flyback Converters Based On the L6561,” Application Note, AN1059, September 2003.
[39] Mladen Ivankovic, Infineon Technologies North America (IFNA) Corp, “CrCM Flyback PFC Converter Design,” Design Note, V1.0, January 2013.
[40] T. Halder, “Synthesis of Hard and Soft Switching Skills of The MOSFET With the Flyback Converters,” IEEE Delhi Section Conference, 2022.
[41] Leadtrend Technology Corporation, LD7830 Datasheet, Rev. 01a, Aug. 2012.
[42] L. Yang, X. Zhou, and A. Huang, “Design of a Transition Mode Controller for Flyback Converters,” in 2009 International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS), 2009, pp. 1188-1193.
[43] Rich Rosen, Texas Instruments, “Dimming Techniques for Switched-Mode LED Drivers,” National Semiconductor, 2011.
[44] H. J. Chiu, Y. K. Lo, J. T. Chen, S. J. Cheng, C. Y. Lin, and S. C. Mou, “A High-Efficiency Dimmable LED Driver for Low-Power Lighting Applications,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, pp. 735-743, 2010.
[45] S. Moon, G. B. Koo, and G. W. Moon, “A New Control Method of Interleaved Single-Stage Flyback AC-DC Converter for Outdoor LED Lighting Systems,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, pp. 4051-4062, 2013.
[46] Leadtrend Technology Corporation, LD5766E1 Datasheet, Rev. 00, December. 2016.
[47] X. Wu, J. Yang, J. Zhang, and M. Xu, “Design Considerations of Soft-Switched Buck PFC Converter with Constant On-Time (COT) Control,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 26, pp. 3144-3152, 2011.
[48] 鄒明璋，「抑制電能轉換器傳導EMI之新型抖頻技術」，博士論文，電機工程系，國立臺灣科技大學，台北市，2015。
[49] 劉開平，「具改善待機效率之LLC諧振轉換器研製」，碩士論文，電機工程系，國立臺灣科技大學，台北市，2014。
[50] 胡宏新，「半橋LLC諧振轉換器效率改善與系統研製」，碩士論文，電機工程系，國立臺灣科技大學，台北市，2015。