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研究生: 張庭瑜
Ting-Yu Chang
論文名稱: 整合擴增實境與室內定位技術之BIM資訊現地呈現模式
Integration of AR and indoor positioning technologies for in-site view of BIM information
指導教授: 陳鴻銘
Hung-Ming Chen
口試委員: 謝佑明
Yo-Ming Hsieh
嚴崇一
Chung-I Yen
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 營建工程系
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 80
中文關鍵詞: 擴增實境室內定位BIM
外文關鍵詞: Augmented Reality, Indoor positioning, BIM
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  • 在建築物的施工或維護階段,如使用者需在現地檢視BIM,傳統的方式是於攜帶至現場的平板電腦或筆記型電腦上的BIM Viewer軟體上呈現,而欲透過BIM Viewer檢視現地中的某個建築元件,需先以手動方式尋找該元件的所在位置,選取其元件才能檢視其相關資訊與參數,此種方式不但需要手動的模型檢視操作操作,才能將資訊即時回饋給使用者,而且透過電腦觀看模型無法與現地真實所見情景結合,在畫面上無法同步。本研究提出擴增實境整合室內定位技術之BIM資訊現地呈現模式,其整合擴增實境與室內定位的技術,讓所建立包含建物元件屬性參數之BIM,可和現地影像疊加,直接呈現在現地中,其是以3D模型呈現BIM模型元件,輔以文字顯示BIM元件之屬性參數,透過擴增實境設備疊加顯示於建築元件上,即時回饋給使用者,建築物內需建置無線網路環境,且每一個房間是使用一組相同的Marker,貼於該空間中的各建築元件上,系統先透過無線AP進行室內定位,辨識出使用者所在之空間,再配合Marker做該空間中建築元件的辨識,即可基於所辨識出建築元件從雲端BIM資料庫中存取該元件的3D模型與相關屬性參數,疊加顯示於該建築元件上。本研究以WorldViz Vizard平台為開發環境,Vuzix頭戴式液晶顯示器(HMD)為擴增實境之顯示設備,基於所提模式開發了原型系統,其可讓使用者透過HMD即時檢視與現地所見建築元件相對應的BIM元件與相關參數,不需手動的模型檢視操作操作,即達成虛擬的BIM元件與現地所見情景間的虛實整合。


    This study applied and integrated Augmented Reality (AR) and indoor positioning technologies to develop an in-site viewing model of BIM. In the proposed model, BIM information are displayed and superimposed on real building elements in 3D component models or surrounding texts using AR technology. The building must have wireless network environment inside, and each room use the same set of markers to markup on the building elements in the room. The system use wireless access point for indoor positioning to identify the user’s location in room, and then use markers to identify the building elements in the room. Once a building element is identified, the system retrieves the 3D model or property information from a Cloud-based BIM database and then superimposes them on the view of real building element. A prototype system was developed based on the proposed model using WorldViz Vizard platform. The proposed system achieves the integrated display of virtual BIM and real in-site scene in HMD without manual navigation for model viewing.

    論文摘要 I ABSTRACT II 目錄 III 圖目錄 VI 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 研究目的 5 1.3 研究範圍 7 1.4 研究方法 8 1.5 論文架構 10 第二章 研究背景 11 2.1文獻回顧 11 2.1.1 擴增實境技術於土木營建工程之應用 11 2.1.2 擴增實境技術與室內定位技術之應用 12 2.2 系統開發技術 12 2.2.1 擴增實境(Augmented Reality, AR) 12 2.2.2 標識追蹤(Marker-Based Tracking) 13 2.2.3三維電腦繪圖(3D Computer Graphics) 16 2.2.4 關聯式資料庫 20 2.2.5 Wifi室內定位技術 21 2.3 系統開發工具 21 2.3.1 Python程式語言 21 2.3.2 ARToolKit 22 2.3.3 Apache Hbase 23 2.3.4 Apache Thrift 25 第三章 系統功能需求分析與運作機制規劃 26 3.1前言 26 3.2 BIM元件種類與其屬性 26 3.3 BIM資料配置及其內容 29 3.4 BIM查詢機制 31 3.5 WIFI定位技術使用流程 32 3.6 BIM資料庫連接方式 36 3.7 BIM資料分析與處理 37 3.8 MARKER設計及配置規則 38 3.9 BIM元件呈現機制 40 3.10 BIM元件模型操作 41 第四章 系統功能探討與實作 43 4.1前言 43 4.2 APACHE HBASE資料綱要 43 4.3系統架構 44 4.4 主程式介面 45 4.4 COMPARISON資料讀取功能 46 4.5 COMPARISON資料分析功能 48 4.6 WIFI室內定位資料查詢功能 49 4.7 BIM資料讀取功能 50 4.8 BIM資料分析功能 51 4.9 BIM元件呈現功能 52 4.10 BIM元件操作功能 54 第五章 系統使用範例 56 5.1前言 56 5.2系統環境前置設定 57 5.2.1建立Marker 57 5.2.2配置Marker 58 5.2.3佈署WAP 59 5.2.4 Wifi室內定位系統設定 60 5.2.5配戴穿戴式設備 68 5.3 BIM元件模型操作 69 5.3.1模型位置平移 69 5.3.2模型角度旋轉 69 5.3.3模型大小縮放 70 5.3.4模型透明度改變 70 5.3.5開啟/關閉屬性顯示 71 5.3.6回復原始狀態 71 5.4 系統使用情境模擬 72 第六章 結論與未來展望 74 6.1結論 74 6.2未來展望 75 參考文獻 77

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