自由空間下機車燃燒行為｜國立臺灣科技大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	張邦立 Bang-Lee Chang
論文名稱：	自由空間下機車燃燒行為 Motorcycle Burning behavior in Free Space
指導教授：	林慶元 Ching-Yuan Lin
口試委員:	張大鵬 none 楊冠雄 none 鄭政利 none 丁育群 none
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	工程學院 - 營建工程系 Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年：	2005
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	126
中文關鍵詞：	燃燒裝置、燃燒行為、機車、火焰面積、火焰溫度、火焰高度
外文關鍵詞：	Motorcycle, Burning Behavior, Free Space, Flame Area, Flame Temperature, Flame Height
相關次數：	點閱：206 下載：4
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上一筆

機車為台灣地區最常使用之交通工具。數量龐大之機車停放於建築物四周，因用火
不當或人為刻意縱火所造成之機車火災及其衍生之建築火災，為台灣特有的火災型態。
為瞭解機車火災行為，進而減少機車火災危害程度，本研究利用10 MW 燃氣分析儀，
量測於自由空間下實體機車燃燒之熱釋放率，並以相關儀器及設備量測實體機車燃燒之
火焰高度與火焰溫度。同時，本研究更利用縮尺1 / 4 長方形火源之燃燒裝置來模擬自由
空間下機車燃燒行為。
由實驗結果得知，於自由空間下實體機車燃燒不論一輛機車、兩輛機車或三輛機車
成長期之熱釋放率與時間關係，趨勢均為火災模式，成長係數之平均值為0.00019
MW/sec
t 2
2。隨後進入高峰期，機車燃燒之最大熱釋放率依序為1.16MW、2.51MW及
5.44MW。最後進入衰退期，各次燃燒均呈現火災模式。實體機車燃燒不論火焰
高度或火焰中心軸溫度均與熱釋放率呈現正相關特性。火焰水平溫度以及火焰面積均與
火焰中心軸溫度有關。火焰水平溫度會隨著水平距離增加而快速下降。火焰面積則隨著
水平溫度下降而增加。本研究分析所得之模式化公式，可將機車燃燒行為之熱釋放率、
火焰高度、火焰中心軸溫度、火焰水平溫度以及火焰面積定性化與定量化。

The motorcycle is the most popular vehicle in Taiwan, which had been parked in
quantity around buildings. Those are particular fire style in Taiwan, the motorcycle fire
caused by inappropriate use of fire or deliberate arson and it would expanding become to
building fire. In order to learn the motorcycle fire behavior so as to reduce its damage, this
study used 10MW Cone Calorimeter to survey the heat release rate of real motorcycle
burning in free space. Also related equipments surveyed the flame height and temperature.
Mean times, this study used a rectangular combustion contrivance, which dimensions were
1/4 scale of the real motorcycle, to model motorcycle burning behaviors.
No matter whether is one, two or three motorcycles burning in free space, the result of
experiments showed the relationship between heat release rate and time on fire-growing
period, the fire model is t2, the average of the fire-growing coefficient is 0.00019MW/sec2.
When the fire became high-peak period, the maximum heat release rate is 1.16MW,
2.51MW and 5.44MW for one, two and three motorcycles burning in order separately. The
fire model is e-t while the fire got into decreasing period. The flame height or the
temperature on flame center axis is positive related to the heat release rate in burning real
motorcycle experiments. The horizontal flame temperature and the flame area are related to
the temperature on flame center axis. When the horizontal distance is increasing, the
horizontal flame temperature is decreasing speedily. But the flame area increases speedily
the horizontal flame temperature decreases. The formulas came from analyzing of
experiment results, could characterize and quantify the motorcycle burnings behavior, such
as heat release rate, flame height, temperature on flame center axis, horizontal flame
temperature and flame area.

中文摘要............................................................................................................Ⅰ
英文摘要............................................................................................................Ⅱ
誌謝....................................................................................................................Ⅲ
總目錄................................................................................................................Ⅳ
符號目錄............................................................................................................Ⅶ
表目錄............................................................................................................. XⅠ
圖目錄............................................................................................................. XⅢ
第一章、緒論......................................................................................................1
1-1 研究動機........................................................................................................................2
1-2 研究目的........................................................................................................................3
1-3 研究範圍........................................................................................................................4
1-4 研究方法與流程............................................................................................................4
第二章、文獻回顧..............................................................................................6
2-1 火焰性質........................................................................................................................6
2-1-1 紊流擴散火焰行為的模式化................................................................................6
2-1-2 空間型態對火焰高度之影響..............................................................................10
2-1-3 紊流擴散火焰高度之觀測..................................................................................10
2-2 熱釋放率...................................................................................................................... 11
2-3 紊流擴散火焰之垂直與水平溫度..............................................................................15
第三章、現況調查............................................................................................17
3-1 機車構成材料之種類與性質......................................................................................17
3-2 各類型機車之內銷市場佔有率..................................................................................20
3-3 機車停放在建築物內及周遭之情況..........................................................................21
第四章、實驗計畫............................................................................................22
4-1 實體機車燃燒實驗......................................................................................................22
4-1-1 實體機車燃燒實驗配置......................................................................................22
4-1-2 機車配置..............................................................................................................25
IV
4-2 模型燃燒實驗..............................................................................................................27
4-2-1 流量計最大流量之設計......................................................................................28
4-2-2 流量計之流量校正..............................................................................................31
4-2-3 常數項校正係數..................................................................................................32
4-2-4 燃燒裝置之設計..................................................................................................34
4-2-5 模型燃燒實驗配置..............................................................................................35
第五章、實驗結果與分析................................................................................39
5-1 實體機車燃燒實驗......................................................................................................39
5-1-1 熱釋放率之時間歷程..........................................................................................40
5-1-2 火焰高度..............................................................................................................44
5-1-3 火焰溫度..............................................................................................................46
5-2 模型燃燒實驗..............................................................................................................56
5-2-1 火焰高度..............................................................................................................56
5-2-2 火焰中心軸溫度..................................................................................................62
5-2-3 火焰水平溫度......................................................................................................65
5-2-4 火焰中心軸垂直剖面面積..................................................................................71
5-2-5 火焰水平剖面面積..............................................................................................86
第六章、模型與實體機車燃燒之比對............................................................89
6-1 熱釋放率與火焰高度..................................................................................................89
6-2 火焰中心軸溫度.......................................................................................................... 91
6-3 火焰水平溫度.............................................................................................................. 94
6-4 火焰面積......................................................................................................................98
6-4-1 火焰中心軸垂直剖面面積..................................................................................98
6-4-2 火焰水平剖面面積............................................................................................100
6-5 模式化公式之應用....................................................................................................101
6-5-1 防止機車火災垂直延燒之對策........................................................................101
6-5-2 防止機車火災水平延燒之對策........................................................................102
6-5-3 防止相鄰機車延燒之對策................................................................................102
第七章、結論與建議......................................................................................104
7-1 結論............................................................................................................................ 104
7-1-1 實體機車燃燒實驗............................................................................................104
7-1-2 模型燃燒實驗....................................................................................................105
7-1-3 模型與實體機車燃燒之比對............................................................................106
V
7-2 建議............................................................................................................................ 107
7-2-1 實體機車燃燒實驗............................................................................................107
7-2-2 模型燃燒實驗.................................................................................................... 107
參考文獻..........................................................................................................108
附錄.................................................................................................................. 110
附錄1 一輛實體機車實驗照片...................................................................................... 110
附錄1-1 實體機車燃燒試驗前照片........................................................................... 110
附錄1-2 實體機車放置於工作架照片....................................................................... 110
附錄1-3 實體機車燃燒試驗中照片........................................................................... 111
附錄1-4 實體機車燃燒試驗後照片........................................................................... 113
附錄1-5 實體機車燃燒後秤重照片........................................................................... 113
附錄1-6 實體機車燃燒試驗中紅外線照片............................................................... 113
附錄2 二輛實體機車實驗照片...................................................................................... 114
附錄2-1 實體機車燃燒試驗前照片........................................................................... 114
附錄2-2 實體機車放置於工作架照片....................................................................... 114
附錄2-3 實體機車燃燒試驗中照片........................................................................... 115
附錄2-4 實體機車燃燒試驗後照片........................................................................... 117
附錄2-5 實體機車燃燒後秤重照片........................................................................... 117
附錄2-6 實體機車燃燒試驗中紅外線照片............................................................... 117
附錄3 三輛實體機車實驗照片...................................................................................... 118
附錄3-1 實體機車燃燒試驗前照片........................................................................... 118
附錄3-2 實體機車放置於工作架照片....................................................................... 119
附錄3-3 實體機車燃燒試驗中照片........................................................................... 119
附錄3-4 實體機車燃燒試驗後照片...........................................................................121
附錄3-5 實體機車燃燒後秤重照片...........................................................................121
附錄3-6 實體機車燃燒試驗中紅外線照片...............................................................121
附錄4 模型燃燒實驗照片..............................................................................................122
附錄5 公式頁碼..............................................................................................................123
VI

                                

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