簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 廖志堅
Jhih-Jian Liao
論文名稱: 針對大容量固態硬碟的多控制器架構設計
A Multi-controller Design for Huge-capacity Solid-State Drives
指導教授: 吳晋賢
Chin-Hsien Wu
口試委員: 阮聖彰
S. J. Ruan
許孟超
none
陳維美
none
林淵翔
none
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 58
中文關鍵詞: NAND型快閃記憶體固態硬碟控制器
外文關鍵詞: NAND flash memory, Solid-State Drives (SSD), Controller
相關次數: 點閱:252下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報

NAND型快閃記憶體容量迅速的增加,大容量的固態硬碟在市場上已經變成非常的流行。固態硬碟主要是由很多的NAND型快閃記憶體和控制器所組成,每一個快閃記憶體晶片必須由一個控制器來做控制。在目前的設計,每一個控制器負責固定數量的NAND型快閃記憶體晶片,它不能控制其它不屬於它的晶片。由於每一個控制器一次只能存取一個晶片,一些閒置的控制器不能存取一些不屬於它的晶片。因此,它將會降低系統的性能。在這篇論文裡,我們將提出一個針對大容量固態硬碟的多控制器架構設計,任何的晶片將不侷限於任何特定的控制器,每一個閒置的控制器能透過多控制器架構的設計去存取任何的晶片。我們在匯流排之間設計一個交換器,每一個交換器能幫助請求從一個控制器存取到一個晶片,每個存取請求所使用到交換器應該使用最少的數量。實驗結果證明我們提出的方法比傳統的固態硬碟還要好25%以上的吞吐量,所帶來的開銷也在合理的範圍內。


NAND flash-memory capacity has increased rapidly, and a huge-capacity solid-state drive (SSD) has become popular in the market. SSD consists of controllers and NAND flash-memory chips, and each chip is controlled by one controller. At present, each controller is responsible for a fixed number of chips and it can't control other chips that don't belong to it. Since each controller can only access a chip at a time, some idle controller can't access some chips that don't belong to it. As a result, it will reduce the system performance. In this paper, we will propose a multi-controller design for huge-capacity solid-state drives. Any chip will not be restricted to any specific controller and any idle controller can access any chip by the multi-controller design. We design a switch between buses, and each switch can help access requests from one controller to one chip. The number of switches used in each access request should be minimized and considered in the paper. The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the system throughput of 25%, compared with traditional SSDs, and the incurred overhead is also reasonable.

中文摘要----------------------------------------III Abstract-----------------------------------------IV 圖目錄------------------------------------------VII 表目錄-------------------------------------------IX 第一章 前言---------------------------------------1 第二章 動機---------------------------------------3 第三章 快閃記憶體的特性與相關研究-----------------4 3.1 NAND型快閃記憶體與控制器的特性----------------4 3.2 快閃記憶體轉換層------------------------------6 3.3 固態硬碟--------------------------------------7 第四章 針對大容量固態硬碟的多控制器架構設計------10 4.1 概述-----------------------------------------10 4.2多控制器的機制--------------------------------12 4.3 用加權機制在最短路徑的設計-------------------14 4.3.1 加權矩陣-----------------------------------15 4.3.2 加權矩陣的開銷-----------------------------18 4.4多請求的路徑規劃------------------------------20 4.4.1 單方向最短路徑-----------------------------20 4.4.2 多方向最短路徑-----------------------------22 4.5 高性能的問題---------------------------------25 4.5.1 消除多餘的路徑-----------------------------25 4.5.2 消除重疊的路徑-----------------------------27 4.5.3 從屬控制器的分配---------------------------29 4.5.4 節省控制器的功率消耗-----------------------30 第五章 性能評估----------------------------------32 5.1 硬體說明-------------------------------------32 5.2 實驗的設定-----------------------------------33 5.3 UFAT檔案系統---------------------------------35 5.4 ATTO Disk Benchmark--------------------------35 5.5 實際的工作負荷-------------------------------38 5.5.1 無效路徑的開銷-----------------------------39 5.5.2 交換器的開銷-------------------------------40 5.5.3 控制器的閒置時間比例與吞吐量---------------41 5.6 Iometer--------------------------------------43 第六章 結論--------------------------------------45 參考文獻-----------------------------------------46 作者簡介-----------------------------------------48 授權書-------------------------------------------49

[1] Bez, R., Camerlenghi, E., Modelli, A., and Visconti, A., "Introduction to Flash Memory", Proceedings of The IEEE, Vol. 91, No. 4, April 2003.

[2] Maghraoui, K. E., Kandiraju, G., Jann, J., and Pattnaik, P., "Modeling and Simulating Flash based Solid-State Disks for Operating Systems", ACM Proceedings of the first joint WOSP/SIPEW international conference on Performance engineering, January 2010.

[3] Seong, Y. J., Nam, E. H., Yoon, J. H., Kim, H., Choi, J. Y., Lee, S., Bae, Y. H., Lee, J., Cho, Y., and Min, S. L., "Hydra: A Block-Mapped Parallel Flash Memory Solid-State Disk Architecture", IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. 59, No. 7, July 2010, pp. 905-921.

[4] Chang, L. P., "A Hybrid Approach to NAND-Flash-Based Solid-State Disks", IEEE Transactions on Computers, Volume 59, Issue 10, October 2010, pp. 1337-1349.

[5] Kim, Y., Tauras, B., Gupta, A., and Urgaonkar, B., "FlashSim: A Simulator for NAND Flash-based Solid-State Drives", IEEE 2009 First International Conference on Advances in System Simulation, September 2009, pp. 125-131.
[6] Takeuchi, K., "Novel Co-Design of NAND Flash Memory and NAND Flash Controller Circuits for Sub-30 nm Low-Power High-Speed Solid-State Drives (SSD)", IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 44, No. 4, April 2009.

[7] Park, C., Talawar, P., Won, D., Jung, M., Im, J., Kim, S., and Choi, Y., "A High Performance Controller for NAND Flash-based Solid State Disk (NSSD)", IEEE Non-Volatile Semiconductor Memory Workshop (NVSMW), 2006.

[8] Wu, C. H. and Kuo, T. W., "An Adaptive Two-Level Management for the Flash Translation Layer in Embedded Systems", Proc. IEEE/ACM Int'l Conf. Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD '06), pp. 601-606. 2006.

[9] Lee, S. W., Choi, W. K., and Park, D. J., "FAST: An Efficient Flash Translation Layer for Flash Memory", ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems, Vol. 6, No. 3, Article 18, July 2007.

[10] Park, C., Cheon, W., Lee, Y., Jung, M. S., Cho, W. and Yoon, H., "A Re-configurable FTL (Flash Translation Layer) Architecture for NAND Flash based Applications", IEEE International Workshop on Rapid System Prototyping, 2007.

[11] Lee, K., Lee, S. J., and Yoo, H. J., "Low-Power Network-on-Chip for High-Performance SoC Design", IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, Volume 14, Issue 2, 2006, pp. 148-160.

[12] Weldezion, A. Y., Lu, Z., Weerasekera, R., and Tenhunen, H., "3-D Memory Organization and Performance Analysis for Multi-processor Network-On-Chip Architecture", IEEE International Conference on 3D System Integration, 2009, pp. 1-7.

[13] Zertal, S. and Harrison, P. G., "Investigating Flash memory wear levelling and execution modes", International Symposium on Performance Evaluation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (SPECTS), Volume 41, pp. 81-88, 2009.

[14] Wu, C. H., "A Self-Adjusting Flash Translation Layer for Resource-Limited Embedded Systems", ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS), Volume 9, Issue 4, March 2010.

[15] Samsung Electronics, NAND SLC very large page memory data sheets, http://www.samsung.com/, 2011.

[16] Floyd-Warshall, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floyd-Warshall\_algorithm

[17] ATTO Benchmark, http://www.attotech.com/

[18] DiskMon, http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb896646

[19] Iometer Benchmark, http://www.iometer.org/

[20] Hsieh, J. W., Chang, L. P., and Kuo, T. W., "Efficient Identification of Hot Data for Flash Memory Storage Systems, " ACM Transactions on Storage (ACM TOS), (4): 449-467 (2006).

無法下載圖示 全文公開日期 2016/07/27 (校內網路)
全文公開日期 本全文未授權公開 (校外網路)
全文公開日期 本全文未授權公開 (國家圖書館:臺灣博碩士論文系統)
QR CODE