本論文係研究兩種生物可降解性高分子(聚乳酸及聚丁二酸丁二醇酯)之複合材料，並添加紫外線吸收劑及受阻胺光穩定劑延長複合纖維於戶外光照下之生命週期，結合多種品質工程上之多目標最佳化理論探討複合材料混練製程及熔融紡絲法加工製程對不同階段產物品質之影響，有助於提升可分解纖維之相關應用創新研究。
本研究在環保聚乳酸複合纖維開發的規劃上分成二個階段，第一階段為「應用田口法結合主成份分析於聚乳酸改質製程」以探討不同材料的比例及雙螺桿混練製程溫度及剪切力對聚乳酸複合材料之機械強度影響，並探討聚乳酸複合材料的光學性質，聚乳酸改質前後的熱學性質、材料相容性、加工流動性及耐候性等重要性質。結果顯示，加入10wt%之聚丁二酸丁二醇酯可將聚乳酸的韌性增高20%，應用田口法結合主成份分析可降低彎曲強度27%、提升拉伸強度13.47%及衝擊強度22.95%。最後經過紫外線加速老化測試480小時後，其拉伸強度保留率有94.86%較純聚乳酸高出44%，其斷裂伸長率保留率有85.17%較純聚乳酸高出35.17%。
第二階段為「應用反應曲面法與多目標粒子群演算法於聚乳酸複合纖維之製程研究」，將第一階段所得最適條件的聚乳酸複合材料酯粒，透過熔融紡絲法取得初生絲，探討其纖維抽絲製程中，紡絲溫度、紡嘴轉速及纖維捲取羅拉對初生絲之品質特性的影響。以反應曲面法設計針對不同品質特性建立其迴歸模型，再利用多目標粒子群演算法對這些品質特性模型及參數限制做最佳化處理後，由確認實驗可知聚乳酸/聚丁酸丁二醇酯之複合材料優於聚乳酸/聚己內酯之複合材料，其最佳複合纖維之丹尼數為40.07丹尼提升5.3%、纖維強度1.69(gf/d)提升42%及斷裂伸長率為176.04%提升27%。其最佳化迴歸模型預測誤差率為5.5%以內，證明其模型具有良好的再現性與準確率。

This study discussed two types of biodegradable polymer composites (polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate). UV absorbers and hindered amine light stabilizers were added to prolong the life cycle of the composite fibers in outdoor lighting conditions. By using the multi-objective optimization theory of a variety of quality engineering approaches, this study examined the impact of the composite mixing process and melt spinning process on the product quality in different stages, in order to improve the innovative research relating to biodegradable fiber applications.
This study divided the planning of the development of the environmentally friendly polylactic acid composite fibers into two stages. The first stage was “applying the Taguchi method and the principal component analysis in the polylactic acid property modification process”. The aim was to discuss the impact of different material proportions, dual-screw mixing process temperature, and shearing force on the mechanical strength of polylactic acid composite materials. Moreover, this study explored major properties of polylactic acid composite materials, such as the optical properties, the thermal properties of polylactic acid before and after modification, material compatibility, processing flowability and weather resistance. The results suggested that, the addition of 10 wt% polybutylene succinate can increase the toughness of polylactic acid by 20%. Taguchi method and the principal component analysis can improve the bending strength by 27%, the tensile strength by 13.47% and the impact strength by 22.95%. Finally, after 480 h of UV aging acceleration test, the tensile strength retention rate was 94.86%, which was higher than the polylactic acid by 44%. The break extension retention rate was 85.17%, which was higher than the pure polylactic acid by 35.17%.
The second stage was “applying the response surface methodology and multi-objective particle swarm algorithm in the polylactic acid composite fiber process”. The aim was to obtain the newly spun threads by melt spinning method from the polylactic acid composite material acetate tablets under the optimal conditions of the first stage. The impact of spinning temperature, spinneret rotation speed, fiber wrapping roller on the newly spun thread quality characteristics in the fiber spinning process were also discussed. The response surface methodology was applied to establish the regression models of different quality characteristics before using the multi-objective particle swarm algorithm for the optimization processing of these quality characteristic models and parameter constraints. The experiments found that the polylactic acid/polyacid butanediol ester composite material was better than the polylactic acid/polycaprolactone composite material. The optimal composite fiber denier was 40.07 with an improvement by 5.3%. The fiber strength was 1.69(gf/d) with an improvement by 42% and elongation at break was 176.04% with an improvement by 27%. The optimal regression model prediction error rate was 5.5%, suggesting the model has a good reproductability and accuracy.

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