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研究生： 郭愛婷
Karolin - Chandra
論文名稱： 印尼泗水中國城華人建築特徵之研究 (以寺廟、祖祠和住宅為研究案例)
A Study of Chinese Architectural Features in Chinatown of Surabaya, Indonesia
指導教授： 王惠君
Huey-Jiun Wang
口試委員: 江維華
Wei-Hwa Chiang
邱韻祥
YUN-SHANG CHIOU
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 設計學院 - 建築系
Department of Architecture
論文出版年： 2013
畢業學年度： 101
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 156
中文關鍵詞： 泗水中國城 、泗水寺廟 、泗水祖祠 、泗水華人住宅
外文關鍵詞： Surabaya Chinatown, Surabaya temples, Surabaya Ancestral Houses, Surabaya Chinese House
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    • Through the sojourn life in the past time, the Chinese overspread their culture in their new inhabitant lands. Indonesia as the biggest archipelago in the world attracted Chinese to grasp an opportunity having prospered live. Almost in every urban center in Indonesia there were Chinese settlements which shown its special characteristics. By adaptation with the new environment, it result a unique-fusioned culture with the native and the colonials. This phenomenon could be seen in Surabaya Chinatown as well. But this culture richness seems to be hidden and gradually abandoned by modernization of the city. It has faced major changing in physical appearance and functions, which changed the area’s character.
    This research wants to enhance the affection on Surabaya Chinatown by present locally-preserved buildings in term of architectural characteristic as contribution in preservation of city’s heritage. By concentrated in three building types; the temples, the ancestral houses and the houses, with two building samples for each type, it studied the Chinese architectural features and how the culture assimilation happen there. Some comparisons with Taiwanese architectural features were made to clear in distinguishing the assimilation process.
    The analysis executed by break the samples down based on four basic elements in Chinese architecture; form and spaces, structure, color scheme, and decorative elements. These four points of architecture feature could be indicators how highly Chinese architecture implemented in the buildings and how it adapt with locality elements. It discovered that more sacred of a building, the implementation of Chinese feature and its meaning would be higher and vice versa. Some processes that happen in the Chinese architectural features changing are; 1) by implementation with original meaning, order, and understanding, 2) by implementation without its original order or understanding, 3) by implementation with fusion of local meaning, order, or understanding.

    Through the sojourn life in the past time, the Chinese overspread their culture in their new inhabitant lands. Indonesia as the biggest archipelago in the world attracted Chinese to grasp an opportunity having prospered live. Almost in every urban center in Indonesia there were Chinese settlements which shown its special characteristics. By adaptation with the new environment, it result a unique-fusioned culture with the native and the colonials. This phenomenon could be seen in Surabaya Chinatown as well. But this culture richness seems to be hidden and gradually abandoned by modernization of the city. It has faced major changing in physical appearance and functions, which changed the area’s character.
    This research wants to enhance the affection on Surabaya Chinatown by present locally-preserved buildings in term of architectural characteristic as contribution in preservation of city’s heritage. By concentrated in three building types; the temples, the ancestral houses and the houses, with two building samples for each type, it studied the Chinese architectural features and how the culture assimilation happen there. Some comparisons with Taiwanese architectural features were made to clear in distinguishing the assimilation process.
    The analysis executed by break the samples down based on four basic elements in Chinese architecture; form and spaces, structure, color scheme, and decorative elements. These four points of architecture feature could be indicators how highly Chinese architecture implemented in the buildings and how it adapt with locality elements. It discovered that more sacred of a building, the implementation of Chinese feature and its meaning would be higher and vice versa. Some processes that happen in the Chinese architectural features changing are; 1) by implementation with original meaning, order, and understanding, 2) by implementation without its original order or understanding, 3) by implementation with fusion of local meaning, order, or understanding.

    Table of Contents Table of Contents i List of Figures and Tables iii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Research Background 1 1.2 Research Objective 3 1.3 Research Limitation 3 1.4 Literature Review 6 1.4.1 Architecture Theoretical Books 6 1.4.2 Prior Papers and Researches 7 1.5 Research Methodology 9 Chapter 2 Theoretical Study 11 2.1 Chinese Architecture 11 2.1.1 The Organization of Space 11 2.1.2 Construction 16 2.1.3 Color Scheme 17 2.1.4 Decoration and meaning 18 2.1.5 Chinese Architecture Typology 20 2.2 Javanese Architecture 24 2.2.1 Definition and Philosophy of Javanese Architecture 24 2.2.2 A Brief History of Javanese Architecture 25 2.2.3 Features and examples 26 2.3 Dutch Colonial Architecture in Indonesia 29 2.4 Indische (Empire) Architecture Style 31 2.4.1 Definition of Indische Empire Architecture Style 31 2.4.2 A Brief Background of Indische Culture 33 2.4.3 Features and examples of Indische Empire Architecture Style 34 Chapter 3 Historical Background of Surabaya Chinatown 38 3.1 History of Surabaya City 38 3.2 History of Chinese Arrival in Indonesia until in Surabaya 40 3.3 History of Surabaya Chinatown 44 3.4 The Early Chinese Community in Surabaya 47 3.5 Historical Background of Building Examples 49 3.5.1 The Temples 50 3.5.2 The Ancestral Houses 53 3.5.3 The Houses 56 Chapter 4 Architectural Features Analysis 60 4.1 The Temples 60 4.1.1 Hok An Kiong Temple 60 4.1.2 Boen Bio Temple 69 4.1.3 The Comparisons with Features of Temples in Taiwan 78 4.2 The Ancestral Houses 83 4.2.1 “Han” Family Ancestral House 83 4.2.2 “The” Family Ancestral House 94 4.2.3 The Comparisons with Features of Ancestral Houses in Taiwan 101 4.3 The Houses 104 4.3.1 House at Bibis Street #27-25 104 4.3.2 Residential house at Bongkaran Street #14 113 4.3.3 The Comparisons with Features of Houses in Taiwan 119 4.4 Discussion 121 Chapter 5 Conclusions 123 5.1 Conclusions 123 5.2 Suggestions 125 Bibliography 126 Appendix 131

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