近十年來各種無線接取網路的蓬勃發展，開啟了行動網際網路(mobile Internet)的新時代，引領了許多行動服務諸如行動電子商務的新契機，大幅改變了人們的生活型態。在以往的無線接取網路中，使用者必須位於無線閘道器(gateway)的傳輸範圍之內，透過無線閘道器來存取網際網路，因此，無線接取網路的服務範圍直接受限於網路基礎建設的佈建。
行動隨意接取網路(mobile ad hoc access network, MAHAN)能夠基於既有的網路基礎建設，擴大無線接取網路的服務範圍，對行動用戶提供更佳的接取服務。位於閘道器無線傳輸範圍內的行動台可以直接與閘道器通訊，網內其餘的行動台則可以透過多跳傳輸(multihop transmission)的方式來存取網際網路。此外，除了作為對使用者提供接取服務的接取網路之外，行動隨意接取網路亦可應用於感測器網路。
本論文的研究內容區分為三大部分。首先，在行動隨意接取網路中，行動台的移動性使得路由工作產生相當大的負擔(overhead)。本論文根據無線隨意接取網路的拓樸與流量特性、IEEE 802.11無線區域網路協定以及反應式路由協定(reactive routing protocol)的運作原理，在一新路徑建立之後，以指定對象廣播(appointed broadcast, ABO)的方式廣泛地散佈路徑資訊，使得行動台可以預先獲得路徑資訊，減少行動台搜尋路徑所造成的負擔。此外，我們也探討支援ABO的行動台與標準的IEEE 802.11行動台兩者在同一MAHAN中共存的問題。
其次，在使用IEEE 802.11的行動隨意接取網路中，由於採用競爭式的媒體存取協定，當行動台數目或者資料流量增加時，行動台耗費大量時間在執行後退(backoff)演算法，而且發生訊號碰撞(collision)的機會大為增加，導致網路效能諸如延遲時間(delay)與封包到達率(delivery ratio)顯著地惡化。其中，網路效能惡化的情況，下行(downstream)資料流遠較上行(upstream)資料流更為明顯，因此行動隨意接取網路的網路容量，亦即其可允許的連接數(sessions)，受到相當大的限制。為了提高行動隨意接取網路的網路容量，我們在媒體存取層(MAC layer)將封包作封裝(packing)的處理，並以附加傳輸(accompanying)的方式來平衡上下行資料流的網路效能差距。為此，本論文提出Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance, Packing and Accompanying (CSMA/CAPA) 協定，模擬結果顯示使用CSMA/CAPA協定的行動隨意接取網路，其可容納的資料流數提昇可達100%。此外，我們也探討了適合CSMA/CAPA協定使用的排隊策略(queueing strategy)。
最後，本論文探討一維空間上的行動隨意接取網路的網際網路連接性(Internet connectivity)。網際網路連接性是指所有行動台在拓樸上都能夠與網際網路連接的機率。一維空間上的行動隨意接取網路相當適合用來作為車輛隨意網路(vehicle ad hoc network, VANET)的分析模型，給定一個一維空間的大小、閘道器的數目與行動台的個數，我們推導出一維行動隨意接取網路的網際網路連接性之公式解。另外，我們也探討孤立點(isolated node)的個數，孤立點是指無法與網際網路連接的行動台。這些結果有助於將來車輛隨意網路的協定設計與用戶管理等應用。

The rapid development of wireless access networks enables the promised mobile Internet and changes people’s life in the last decade. A typical wireless access network uses point-to-multipoint structure that users have to stay within the radio coverage of the gateway in order to obtain the Internet access services. Therefore, the deployment of gateways defines the service area of the wireless access network.
Without the need of deploying new gateways, the service area can be expanded using the mobile ad hoc access network (MAHAN). In a MAHAN, mobile nodes are configured in the ad hoc mode that those who stay away from the radio coverage of the gateway can obtain Internet access services via multihop transmissions. MAHANs have the advantages of easy deployment and high flexibility, and are emerging as an important type of future access networks.
Routing is a necessary but laborious work in MAHANs because of nodes’ mobility. In reactive routing protocols, mobile nodes that intend to access the Internet have to discover routes to the gateway first, which may result in considerable bandwidth cost. In this thesis, we propose the Appointed BrOadcast (ABO) method to reduce the cost of route discovery in MAHANs. Using the ABO method can achieve this goal on the basis of packet overhearing. Functions that are necessary for network and data link layers to employ the ABO method are also discussed. Simulation results show that using the ABO method can significantly reduce the cost on route discoveries. In addition, due to the widespread use of legacy IEEE 802.11 nodes, the problem of how ABO-enhanced and legacy IEEE 802.11 nodes can coexist in a MAHAN is studied.
In IEEE 802.11-based MAHANs, as the number of sessions increases, the network suffers from serious contentions and collisions. In which case, network performance such as end-to-end delay and delivery ratio degrades rapidly. This limits the number of allowable sessions in a MAHAN. In this thesis, we study the multimedia traffic support of MAHANs using the proposed carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance, packing and accompanying (CSMA/CAPA) protocol, and other existing medium access control protocols. The CSMA/CAPA protocol introduces two schemes, namely, the packing and accompanying schemes, to the well known CSMA/CA protocol. The CSMA/CAPA protocol improves network capacity in two aspects. Firstly, by using the packing scheme, more packets can be delivered to the recipient during a transmission. Secondly, using the accompanying scheme, the protocol provides nodes with more transmission opportunities. The impact of different queueing strategies on the CSMA/CAPA protocol is studied. We evaluate the performance of the CSMA/CAPA protocol through extensive simulations. The results show that using the CSMA/CAPA protocol can significantly improve the multimedia traffic support capability of MAHANs. Simulation results show that using the CSMA/CAPA protocol can improve the MAHAN capacity up to 100%.
In the context of multihop transmissions, less number of gateways is required for Internet access while a certain level of Internet connectivity still holds. We investigate the Internet connectivity, which is the probability that all mobile nodes are Internet-reachable, in one-dimensional MAHANs. We show the relationship between the Internet connectivity and the deployment of gateways. We also investigate the mean number of isolated nodes, who are not Internet-reachable, in a one-dimensional MAHANs. These results are useful for network operators to deploy gateways, manage clients and design protocols for future vehicular network applications.

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