因應全球暖化與氣候變遷的衝擊，鋰離子電池因其能量密度高、壽命長、自放電率低、使用溫度範圍廣而在各種應用中佔有優勢，但仍與一公升汽油所提供的能量相差甚遠，所以科學家提出無陽極鋰離子電池 （Anode free battery, AFB），其擁有比現今鋰離子電池高出兩倍以上體積能量密度，然而，AFB由於低庫倫效率而造成循環壽命低的問題仍需解決。本研究使用大氣電漿濺鍍（Atmospheric pressure plasmas jet , APPJ）在銅箔與3D泡沫銅表面製備一層親鋰性氮化銅箔膜，接著將高離子電導度的聚矽氧烷共聚物塗覆到銅箔上，最後進行預鋰化，提供因為氮化銅還原成氮化鋰消耗的鋰離子，同時在循環前預先形成一層穩固的人工SEI層，鋰離子可以在集流體表面可以均勻且平滑的成核，在後續的循環中不會輕易地形成鋰枝晶，保護AFB的集流體表面，增加循環穩定性與壽命。
實驗結果顯示，在NMC811 AFB中，未經處理銅箔的初始庫倫效率為77.37，而經過APPJ改質處理AFB可以達到81.07，未經處理泡沫銅Mesh初始庫倫效率為53.2，而經過APPJ改質處理達到70.63，並且在使用經過預鋰化的陽極組成的AFB在初始圈數可以提供較未經過預鋰化極高出2%~ 7%的電容量，代表APPJ表面改質、聚矽氧烷共聚物塗佈、預鋰化確實可以製造穩定的人工SEI，改善無陽極鋰離子電池的初始庫倫效率以及循環壽命。

In response to the impacts of global warming and climate change, lithium-ion batteries hold advantages in various applications due to their high energy density, long life, low self-discharge rate, and wide operating temperature range. However, they still significantly lag behind the energy provided by a liter of gasoline. As a solution, scientists have proposed Anode-Free Batteries (AFBs) that possess more than double the volumetric energy density of current lithium-ion batteries. Unfortunately, AFBs suffer from low Coulombic efficiency leading to short cycle life, which remains a problem to be solved. This study uses Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet (APPJ) to prepare a lithium-friendly copper nitride film on the surface of copper foil and 3D foam copper. Then, a high ionic conductivity polysiloxane copolymer is coated on the copper foil, followed by Pre SEI formation, to supply the lithium ions consumed in the reduction of copper nitride to lithium nitride, while also pre-forming a stable artificial SEI layer. Lithium ions can uniformly and smoothly nucleate on the current collector surface, preventing easy formation of lithium dendrites in subsequent cycles, protecting the AFB current collector surface, and increasing cycle stability and life.

Experimental results show that in NMC811 AFBs, the initial Coulombic efficiency of untreated copper foil is 77.37, while APPJ-modified AFB can reach 81.07. The initial Coulombic efficiency of untreated foam copper mesh is 53.2, but after APPJ modification, it reaches 70.63. Moreover, AFBs using pre-lithiated anodes can provide 2% to 7% higher initial capacity compared to those without Pre SEI formation, indicating that APPJ surface modification, polysiloxane copolymer coating, and Pre SEI formation can indeed create a stable artificial SEI, improving the initial Coulombic efficiency and cycling life of anode-free lithium-ion batteries.

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