輕量化可攜式複合材料螺紋印量測器之研製｜國立臺灣科技大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	賴耀梓 Yao-Zih Lai
論文名稱：	輕量化可攜式複合材料螺紋印量測器之研製 Development of a Lightweight Portable Optical Measurement System for the Print-Through Phenomenon of Fiber-Reinforced Plastics (FRP)
指導教授：	修芳仲 Fang-Jung Shiou
口試委員:	蔡明忠 Ming-Jong Tsai 鍾承憲 Cheng-Hsien Chung
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工程學院 - 機械工程系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2010
畢業學年度：	98
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	111
中文關鍵詞：	船用複合材料、螺紋印現象、可攜式螺紋印量測器、表面粗糙度
外文關鍵詞：	Fiber-reinforced plastics, Print-through phenomenon, A portable optical measurement system, Surface roughness
相關次數：	點閱：225 下載：7
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本論文旨在開發一「輕量化可攜式複合材料螺紋印量測器」，利用一微聚焦扇型雷射投射一具有高單色性及高亮度的扇型光源，再經由聚焦透鏡成為平行光源，投射於複合材料表面後，反射至成像幕上，再以CCD Camera擷取成像幕上之影像進行分析；若材料表面螺紋印較明顯，則影像經過處理後其影像邊緣相對於影像中心線之輪廓高低差較明顯，若材料表面無螺紋印，則經過處理的影像其邊緣輪廓相對於影像中心線之高低差變化小。本研究以Borland C++ Builder程式語言撰寫程式，分析計算複合材料表面之螺紋印之形狀輪廓高低差、平均線寬，以評估螺紋印現象。本研究以三角量測法進行螺紋印形狀輪廓高低差之量測，以平均線寬評估試片之粗糙度。本研究提出之影像邊緣輪廓高低差之量化指標以及透過快速傅立葉轉換頻譜圖可以鑑別出試片螺紋印現象的嚴重程度及螺紋印發生位置。經由校驗結果，本量測系統所使用之門檻值為100，針對曲面試片進行輪廓校驗之結果，其誤差約為1.17μm。關於螺紋印現象等級之區分，本研究提出四個判別等級，經現場實際量測後，與校驗結果相符，成功完成可攜式複材螺紋印量測器之開發。

The objective of the study is to develop a lightweight portable optical measurement system for the print-through phenomenon of fiber-reinforced plastics. In the developed system, a parallel laser beam, generated from a fan-shaped micro-focused laser passing a collimating lens, was projected onto the test object. The reflected image projected on a screen was captured by a CCD camera connected to a notebook computer to analyze the print-through phenomenon (PTP) and the surface roughness of a test object. Two indexes, namely the profile peak-valley height and wave-height of the Fast-Fourier Transform based on the centerline of the extracted image profile, were proposed to quantify the PTP of a test specimen. The mean line width of the extracted image was applied to evaluate the surface roughness of a test specimen, based on the scattering theorem. A set of software programmed with Borland C++ Builder language was developed to calculate the proposed indexes and the mean line width. According to the verification results, the systematic error for the profile measurement of the newly developed system using the threshold value of 100 is about 1.17 μm. Four grades for the PTP evaluated by the proposed index - the profile peak-valley height, namely excellent, OK, with PTP, serious PTP, were proposed in this study, according to the experts’ experiences. The developed measurement system has been taken to some yacht factories to do the on-site measurements. The measurement results were, in general, consistent with the surface conditions of the polished surfaces.

中文摘要......................................................................I
Abstract.....................................................................II
誌謝........................................................................III
圖目錄.....................................................................VIII
表目錄......................................................................XIV
第一章 緒論...................................................................1
1 研究動機與目的............................................................1
2 文獻回顧..................................................................2
3 研究方法與論文架構........................................................5
第二章 量測系統原理...........................................................7
1 條紋反射法原理	............................................................7
1.1 反射光能量法	............................................................7
1.2 三角量測校驗法.........................................................13
2 螺紋印現象之量化指標.....................................................16
2.1平面試片螺紋印量化指標之計算流程........................................16
2.2平滑自由曲面試片螺紋印量化指標之計算流程................................21
3 數位影像處理.............................................................24
3.1 空間迴旋運算...........................................................26
3.2 影像平滑濾波...........................................................27
3.3 二值化處理.............................................................30
3.4 侵蝕與膨脹.............................................................32
4 快速傅立葉轉換...........................................................33
第三章 量測系統硬體設計......................................................36
1 量測系統內部介紹.........................................................36
1.1 光源系統...............................................................36
1.2 取像系統...............................................................38
2 箱體外形輕量化設計.......................................................40
2.1 箱體結構分析...........................................................42
2.2 輕量化設計之重量比較...................................................46
3 試片盒治具之設計與製造...................................................47
第四章 量測系統整合與校驗規劃................................................48
1 即時影像擷取與量測分析軟體介面...........................................48
2 軟硬體系統整合...........................................................51
3 量測比對設備.............................................................53
3.1 接觸式表面粗糙度量測儀.................................................53
3.2 接觸式表面輪廓量測儀...................................................54
4 條紋反射法校驗流程規劃...................................................55
4.1 反射光能量法及三角量測法量測粗糙度及評估螺紋印現象校驗流程規劃.........55
4.2 三角量測法量測局部二維平滑自由曲面輪廓校驗流程規劃.....................57
4.3 快速傅立葉轉換評估螺紋印現象校驗流程...................................59
第五章 校驗結果與分析........................................................61
1 系統之校驗結果...........................................................61
2 粗糙度值與平均線寬之校驗.................................................66
3 曲面輪廓之校驗...........................................................73
4以影像邊緣輪廓高低差區分螺紋印等級之校驗..................................78
5 快速傅立葉轉換評估螺紋印現象之校驗結果...................................80
第六章 現場實際量測結果與分析................................................81
1 第一次現場量測結果.......................................................81
1.1 隆宜造船廠量測情況.....................................................81
1.2 大舟造船廠量測情況.....................................................84
2第二次現場量測結果........................................................87
2.1隆宜造船廠量測情況......................................................87
2.2海宮造船廠量測情況......................................................90
第七章 結論與未來展望........................................................92
1 結論.....................................................................92
2 未來展望.................................................................94
參考文獻.....................................................................95
附錄一.......................................................................98
附錄二......................................................................107
附錄三......................................................................109

                                

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