現今資訊科技的躍進與無線網路環境的改善，智慧型手持行動裝置已經普及化。使得人們不再於受限於在單一定點使用桌上型或筆記型電腦，而是隨時隨地皆可上網瀏覽資訊。且搭載著各式社交軟體，智慧型手機與平板電腦成為民眾廣泛使用之行動裝置。由此可衍伸出，因不受地點之影響，在使用上很容易長時間操作而不自知，造成相關之肌肉骨骼傷害與不適。
有鑒於此，本研究透過實驗設計進行不同姿勢下使用平板電腦之實驗，主要研究目的是為了解各姿勢因子對於頸背部負荷的影響。研究設計分為兩個階段，第一階段經由實驗設計進行在坐姿及站姿下使用平板電腦的頸部角度分析，受測者共20名；第二階段為實驗設計為2x2x3之全因子實驗，受測者共12名。主要頸背部負荷之量測實驗，經過第一階段的數據蒐集後，實驗設計為三個自變項，分別為頸部角度、使用平板電腦時的身體姿勢以及操作時間。頸部角度有三個水準，分別為前傾10°、20°及30°；身體姿勢有兩個水準，分別為站姿以及坐姿；操作時間有兩個水準，分別為20分鐘及40分鐘。依變項在客觀方面為各組不同使用姿勢下的頸背部肌肉肌電訊號值，主觀方面以填寫自覺量表問卷所得之主觀施力負荷感受值。
實驗結果顯示，綜合各量測之肌肉，在頸部角度、身體姿勢、以及操作時間對頸背部肌肉負荷有顯著影響，以頸部角度前傾10°且呈現站姿使用，使用時間勿超過20分鐘為較佳且肌肉負荷低之使用情境。本研究希望透過實驗結果，提供使用者及設計者在未來相關應用上改善之參考依據。

With the dramatic improvement of computer technology and fast-developed wireless network, handheld mobile devices have become more popular than ever in modern information society. People nowadays can access the internet anytime and anywhere with their smartphones and tablets which contain a variety of fantastic applications and functions. However, along with the easy availability of handheld devices, people are more likely to prolong the use the devices without perception, which may result in correlation of musculoskeletal discomfort, chronic disorder, or even injuries. The objective of this research is to examine the impact of using tablet under different postures to the load of neck and back muscles.
The design of the experiment is a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial design. It is carried out in two phases. In the first phase, we investigate the effect of different neck’s forward-leaning angles for both sitting and standing postures when using a tablet. In the second phase, we examine the load of neck and back muscles by focusing on three independent variables that include the body postures, time durations of using the tablet, and forward-leaning angles of the neck. The body postures have two levels, standing and sitting. Time durations of using the tablet have two levels, 20 minutes and 40 minutes. Forward-leaning angles of neck have three levels, 10 degrees, 20 degrees and 30 degrees. Electromyography (EMG) and Borg Scale are used to measure neck and back muscles loads both physically and psychophysically.
Experimental results show that all three independent variables have significant effects on back and neck muscles. It is suggested that the best scenario (with lowest neck and back muscles load) for using a tablet is standing with neck leaning forward for 10 degrees, and at the time limit of 20 minutes. This study also provides tablet designers a reference for tablet modifications and design.

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