當地下建築物內部存在高濃度有害氣體或高溫時，傳統的整體通風方法是使用「機械通風稀釋法」提供高吹氣量來稀釋氣體濃度並降低溫度。「傳統機械通風稀釋法」在實務上呈現的通風效果通常不佳，尤其是散發大比重污染物的地下建築物，情況更形嚴重。又或地下建築物高度較高，僅於高處開設一天井，且無相對應進氣形成對流的門窗，通常通風效果會極為低落。究其原因，通常是因為吹氣口位置與吹氣量設計不佳，導致氣流在地下建築物內產生迴流區與低速區，致使這些區域之污染物需要頗長時間稀釋才能清除。通常為了節省能源或因不知如何設計，導致吹氣量太小、吹氣時間太短、吹氣罩裝設位置不恰當，所以內部累積高污染物濃度。因此，需要一種針對地下建築物進行整體通風的設計方法。本研究使用計算流體力學(CFD)套裝軟體，分析並歸納發展出一套「地下建築物通風」設計方法；並製作模型，以實驗方法證實發展出的設計技術有效。首先分析獲得各式彎曲吹氣管道的設計方法，使管道吹氣口各自流量不均勻度降至5 %以下。因應各式有彎角需求的吹氣管道，使各吹氣口的吹氣量能夠非常均勻。在地下停車場通風設計案例中，分析多種有或無天井時的吹氣罩裝設位置、氣量大小、清除時間，並從分析結果歸納出一般性的設計法則，以供設計地下停車場時初始規劃與設計使用。在硫化氫作業挑高地下室通風設計案例中，提高挑高空間的通風效率。由CFD的暫態分析及雷射光頁輔助煙霧可視化實驗證實，兩設計案例，於足夠吹氣量下能有效縮短空間複雜與高挑地下建築物之污染物清除時間及溫度降低時間。

The traditional general ventilation method using large air flow rate, i.e. dilution ventilation method, is usually applied to solve for the problems of high temperature and accumulation of dense harmful gases in the underground spacing of buildings. However, in practice, the results of applying the traditional dilution ventilation method to decrease the temperature and reduce the pollutant concentration are often ineffective. The reasons leading to the low ventilation efficiency of applying the traditional dilution method are imbedded in the flow physics of supplied fresh air. Without appropriate designs of fresh air injection locations and air supply rate, the flow may present recirculation bubbles and low flow velocity areas in the underground spacing. These characteristic flow features would induce long dilution time and low temperature decreasing rate. To overcome the low efficiency of traditional dilution method, the work employed both the computational and experimental methods to develop a “purging method” to attain high efficiency of reducing temperature and removing pollutants in the underground spacing of a building. Two cases of underground spacing, i.e. underground parking lot and underground deep basement, were analyzed via commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package to develop a general design principle of “purging method”, which would lead to a high efficiency of decreasing the temperature and reducing the pollutant concentrations in the underground spacing. The experimental study using the laser light sheet assisted flow visualization method was subsequently followed to validate the effectiveness of the developed design principle of the “purging method”. The results showed that the developed design method could lead to decreases in temperature and pollutant concentrations within a short purging time by appropriate deployment of air injection locations and supply of air flow rate.

[1] 黃榮芳、林楷玲、許清閔，「工業通風—原理與實務」，工礦安全衛生技師公會全國聯合會，台北，2018，ISBN：9789869651707。
[2] 林宥潤，「縱向流機械通風與管道整流技術」，機械工程系碩士論文，國立台灣科技大學，台北，2022。
[3] SUNON, MF25101V1-10000-G99
[4] 林韋克，「現代縱向流機械通風技術—稀釋增壓設計方法」，機械工程系碩士論文，國立台灣科技大學，台北，2021。
[5] Flagan, R. C., and Seinfeld, J. H., Fundamentals of air pollution engineering. Prentice Hall, Engle wood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1988.
[6] Matsson, J. E., An Introduction to SolidWorks Flow Simulation 2013.,
SDC Publications, Mission, 2019, pp.11-16.