近年出國進修的國際學生人數大幅成長。國際學生向來選擇像是美國、英國或是澳洲等以英語為母語的國家，到了21世紀，國際學生開始轉往部分亞洲國家，臺灣是其中之一。本研究的目的為調查在臺印尼學生的認同轉變，採用的研究方法兼具質化與量化，量化研究有109位參與者，質化研究則為10位，在2015年10月至2016年3月透過訪談和開放式問卷的方式蒐集資料。本研究使用的研究工具為研究者改編自Zea, Asner, Birman, &Buki (2003)、Berry’s (2005)、以及Yu and Wang (2011)等學者關於文化適應策略與認同轉變的學說。研究結果顯示，赴臺就讀的印尼學生中文能力不足、傾向與其他印尼學生相處，因此仍強烈保有身份，在台時間對中文能力以及行為模式僅有些微影響。總而言之，印尼學生滿意在臺生活。

In recent years, the number of International students who study abroad have significantly increased. Traditionnally, they study in English countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, or Australia. However, they have been changing their directions to some countries in Asia since the turn of century. Taiwan is one of the target countries for international students. This study aims to investigate the identity change of Indonesian students in Taiwan. This study used quantitative and qualitative research. For quantitative research, the total participants were 109 students and for qualitative research, the total participants were 10 students. Data were collected from October 2015 to March 2016 by using open-ended questionnaire and interview. The instrument used in this study was modified from some previous scholars such as Zea, Asner, Birman, & Buki (2003), Berry’s (2005), and Yu and Wang (2011) about the acculturation strategy and identity change. The results of the study show that Indonesian students in Taiwan still strongly maintain their identity due to their low Mandarin proficiency and their preference of interacting with other international students. The length of stay in Taiwan was found only to have slight influences on their Mandarin proficiency and behaviour patterns. Overall, they are satisfied with their lives in Taiwan.

Alemu, L. A. (2012). A study of socio-cultural identity and adjustment of Ethiopian immigrants in Atlanta. ETD Collection for AUC Robert W . Woodruff Library . Paper 307. Retrieved (3, 24, 2016) from http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1849&context=dissertations.
Almerico, G. (2014). Food and identity: Food studies, cultural, and personal identity. Journal of International Business and Cultural Studies, 8, 1-7.
Ambady, N., & Rosenthal, R. (1998). Nonverbal communication. Encyclopedia of Mental Health, 23, 775-782.
Angulo, S. (2008). Identity change in students who study abroad. Doctoral’s Dissertation: Unpublished paper. The University of Texas.
Aquarini, P. (2003). Becoming White: Representation race , class , femininity and globalitas in advertising soap. Indonesia: Jalasutra.
Baker, C. (1992). Attitudes and language. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
Bakhtin, M. (1986). Speech genres and other late essays. Austin: University of Texas.
Bennett, J. M., Bennett, M. J., Gaskins, R. S., & Roberts, L. (2001). Developing intercultural sensitivity: An integrative approach to global and domestic diversity. Paper presented at Diversity Symposium, Bentley College, Waltham, MA.
Bennett, J. (1993) Towards a developmental model of intercultural sensitivity. Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press.
Bernard, H. R. (2013). Research methods in anthropology. New York: Altamira Press
Berry, J. W. (1974). Psychological aspects of cultural pluralism: Unity and identity reconsidered. Topics in Cultural Learning, 2, 17-22.
Berry, J. W., Kim, U, Minde, T., & Mok, D. (1987). Comparative studies of acculturative stress. International Migration Review, 21,491-511.
Berry, J. W., Kim, U., Power, S., Young, M., & Bujaki, M. (1989). Acculturation attitudes in plural societies. Applied Psychology, 38, 185–206.
Berry, J. W., Phinney, J. S., Sam, D. L., & Vedder, P. (2006). Immigrant youth in Cultural Transition. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Berry, J. W. (2005). Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29, 697–712.
Bhatia, S., & Ram, A. (2001). Rethinking ‘acculturation’ in relation to diasporic cultures and postcolonial identities. Human Development, 44, 1–18.
Birman, D., & Tricket, E. J. (2001). Cultural Transition in First Generation Immigrants: Acculturation of Soviet Jewish Refugee Adolescents and Parents. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32 (4), 456-477.
Birman, D., & Tayler, F. B. (1994). Acculturation and alienation of Soviet Jewish refugees in the United States. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 120, 101-115.
Block, D. (2007). The rise of identity in SLA research. The Modern Language Journal, 91(5), 863-876.
Bosma,T. L., Graafsma, H. D., Grotevant, H. D., & Levita, D. J. (1994). Identity and development. United Kingdom: Sage Publication.
Bouchet, D. (1995). Marketing and the Redifinition of Ethnicity. London - New Delhi: Sage.
Bourdieu, P. (1977). The economics of linguistic exchanges. Social Science Information, 16 (6), 645-668.
Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Brown, H. D. (1994). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. USA: Prentice Hall Regents.
Brubaker, R. (2003). The return of assimilation? Changing perspectives on immigration and its sequels in France, Germany, and the UnitedStates. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Burke, P. J. (2006). Identity change. Social Psychology Quarterly, 69, 81 – 96.
Chen, Y. M. (2012). A sociocultural approach toward EFL teacher education in Taiwan. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 55, 435-444.
Clark, N. (2014). Education in Indonesia. Retrieved from http://wenr.wes.org/2014/04/education-in-indonesia/5-10-2015
Cleveland, M.; Laroche, M. & Papadopoulos, N. (2014). You are what you speak? Globalization, multilingualism, consumer dispositions, and consumption. Journal of Business Research (Forthcoming).
Cramer, P. (2004). Identity change in adulthood: The contribution of defense mechanisms and life experiences. Journal of Research in Personality, 28, 280 – 316.
Creswell, J. W., Shope, R., Clark, V. L., & Green, D. O. (2006). How interpretive qualitative research extends mixed methods research. Research in the Schools,13(1), 1– 11.
Czinkota, M., & Ronkainen, I. (1995). International Marketing (4th ed). Dryden: Toronto.
DeFrancis, J. (1989). Visible Speech: The Diverse Oneness of Writing Systems, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Dowd, J. , Zuengler, J., and Berkowitz, D. (1990). L2 social marking: research issues. Applied Linguistic 11, 16-29.
Edwards, J. (1985). Language, society, and identity. Oxford, England; New York: B.
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: Norton.
Erikson, E. H. (1950). Childhood and society. New York: Norton.
Fasold, R. (1987). The sociolinguistics of society. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
Fearon, D. J. (1999). What is idenity (As we now use the word)?. Retrieved (3, 22, 2016) from (http://www.seminario2005.unal.edu.co/Trabajos/Fearon/What%20is%20identity%20%28as%20we%20now%20see%20the%20world%29.pdf).
Fennell, B. (2008). A History of English, A Sociolinguistic Approach. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing.
Field, A. P. (2005). Discovering Statistics using SPSS. London: Sage.
Garza, R. T., Romero, G. J., Cox, B. G., & Ramirez, M. (1982). Biculturalism, locus of control, and leader behavior in ethnically mixed small groups. Journal of Applied Social Psychology,12(3), 237-253.
Gibson, M. A. (2001). Immigrant adaptation and patterns of acculturation. Human Development, 44, 19-23.
Gilkson, T & Sauve, G. (2010). Recent immigrants, earlier Immigrants and the Canadian Born: Association with collective identities. Research and Evaluation Citizenship and immigration Canada, 1-29.
Gudykunst, W. (1979). Intercultural contact and attitude change: A view of literature and suggestions for future research. International and Intercultural Communication Annual, 4 , 1–16.
Gordon, M. M. (1964). Assimilation in American life: The role of race, religion, and national origins. New York: Oxford University Press.
Gray, K. S., Murdock, G.K., & Stebbins, C. D. (2002) Assessing study abroad’s effect on an international mission. Change , 34- 44.
Hendrickson, B., Rosen, & Aune, R. K. (2011). An analysis of friendship networks, social connectedness, homesickness, and satisfaction levels of international students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35, 281-295.
Hopkins, J. R. (1999). Studying abroad asa form of experiential education. Liberal Education, 85, 36-41.
Jackson, J. (2008). Language, Identity and Study Abroad. London: Equinox.
Jensen, L. A. (2008). Immigrants’ cultural identities as sources of civic engagement. Applied Developmental Science, 12(2), 74–83.
Kapo, I. (2011). English Language Influence in the 21st Century Albania and English Loans in the Albanian Language. Problems of Education in the 21st century, 33, 41-49.
Kashima & Loh. (2006). International students’ acculturation: effects of international, conational, and local ties and need for closure. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 30, 471-85.
Kittler, P. G., Sucher, K. P., & Nelms, M. N. (2012). Food and culture (6th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Kroger, J., & Green, K. E. (1996). Events associated with identity status change. Journal of Adolescence, 19, 477 – 490.
Kumar, R. (2012). Research Methodology: A step by step for beginners. London: Sage
Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Lauder, A. (2008). The status and function of English in Indonesia: A review of key factors. Makara, Social Humaniora, 12(1), 9-20.
Leong, C. & Ward, C. (2000). Identity conflict in sojourners. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 24, 763–776.
Livesey, C., & Lawson, T. (2008). AS Sociology for AQA London (second edition), Online Classroom / Sociology Central: Available at: as_sociology_for_aqa_-_2nd_edition_textbook.
Mahmud, Z., Amat, S., Rahman, S., & Ishak, N. M. (2010). Challenges for International Students in Malaysia: Culture, Climate and Care. Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, 7, 289-293.
Marin, G., Sabogal, F., Marin, B. V., Otero Sabogal, R., & Perez, E. J. (1987). Development of short acculturation scale for Hispanics. Hispanic Journal of Behavioural Sciences, 9, 183-205.
Medina – Lopez – Portillo, A. (2004). Intercultural learning assessment: the link between program duration and the development of intercultural sensitivity. The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad 10, 179-99.
Menard, J. (2009). Comparing protest movements in Chile and California: Interculturality in an Internet chat exchange. Journal of Language and Intercultural Communication, 9(2), 105 - 119.
Mohammad, K., & Saeed, R. (2012). The portrait of an Iranian as an english language learner: A case of identity reconstruction. International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning, 2( 3), 81-93.
Ministry of Education. (2006). Statistical Summaries. Non-citizen Students in Universities, Colleges, and Junior Colleges. (http://english.moe.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=16422&ctNode=11429&mp=1)
Ministry of Education. (2012). Plan to develop first-class universities and top-level research centers. (http://english.moe.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=713&ctNode=505&mp=1).
Moser, D. (1991). Why Chinese is so Damn Hard. Schriftfestschrift: Essays in Honor of John De Francis.
Naffziger, D. W., Bott, J. P., & Mueller, C. B. (2008). Factors influencing study abroad decisions among college of business students. International Business: Research Teaching and Practice, 2(1), 39-52.
Norton, B. (1995). Social identity, investment, and language learning. TESOL Quarterly 29 (1): 9 - 31
Norton, B. (2000). Identity and Language Learning. London: Longman.
Norton, B., & McKinney, C. (2011). An identity approach to second language acquisition. In D. Atkinson(Ed), Alternative approaches to second language acquisition (pp. 73-94). New York: Routledge.
O’ Callaghan, J. A. (2006). How a one semester study abroad experience affects an undergraduate college student’s identity development. Master Thesis: Unpublished. Department of Education. Montana State University.
Patton, M. (1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Phinney, J. S., Horenczyk, G., Liebkind, K., & Vedder, P. (2001). Ethnic identity, immigration, and wellbeing: An interactional perspective. Journal of Social Issues, 57, 493 – 510.
Buber, R., Gadner, J., & Richard, L. (2004). Applying Qualitative Methods to Marketing Management Research. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
Redfield, R., Linton, R., & Herskovits, M. J. (1936). Memorandum for the study of acculturation. American Anthropologist, 38, 149-152.
Ricento, T. (2005). Consideration of identity in L2 learning. In E. Hinkel (ed.) Handbook of Research in Second Language Teaching and Learning, 895-910
Risaharti. (2013). Language Socialization of Indonesian students in Taiwan. Master’s Thesis: Unpublished paper. Department of Applied Foreign Languages, Taiwan University of Science and Technology.
Rudmin, F.W. (2003). Critical history of the acculturation psychology of assimilation, separation, marginal-ization, and integration. Review of General Psychology, 7, 3–37.
Schwartz, S. J., Montgomery, M. J., & Briones, E. (2006). The role of identity in acculturation among immigrant people: Theoretical propositions, empirical questions, and applied recommendations. Human Development, 49, 1–30.
Scollon, R. (2001). Action and text: Towards an integrated understanding of the place
of text in social (inter)action, mediated discourse analysis and the problem of social action. In R. Wodak & M. Meyer (Eds.), Methods of critical discourse analysis (pp. 139-182). London: Sage.
Simon, S. 2011 The advantage of using IBM SPSS. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0. United State License.
Singh, C. (2010). New Media and Cultural Identity. China Media Research, 6(1), 86-90.
Sowa, P. A. (2002). How valuable are student exchange programs. New Directions for Higher Education, 117, 63-70
Spolsky, B. (1989). Conditions for second language learning: Introduction to a general theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Spiering, K. & Erickson, S. (2006). Study abroad as innovation: Applying the diffusion model to international education. International Education Journal, 7(4), 314-322.
Stopher, P. (2012). Collecting, Managing, and Assessing Data Using Sample Surveys. The United Kingdom, Cambridge University Press
Suinn, R. M., Rickard-Figueroa, K., Lew, S., & Vigil, P. (1987). The Suinn-Lew Asian self-identity acculturation scale: An initial report. Educational and Psychological Measurement,47, 401-407.
Sung. (2014). English as a lingua franca and global identities: Perspectives from four second language learners of English in Hong Kong. Linguistics and Education, 26, 31–39.
Sussman, N. M. (2002). Testing the cultural identity model of the cultura transition cycle: sojourners return home. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 26, 391-408.
Swain, M. & P. Deters (2007). ‘New’ mainstream SLA theory: Expanded and enriched. The Modern Language Journal, 91, 820–836.
Szapocznik, J., Scopetta, M. A., Kurtines, W., & Aranalde, M. (1978). Theory and measurement of acculturation. Interamerican Journal of Psychology,12, 113-130.
Taiwan the heart of Asia. Retrieved from (http://eng.taiwan.net.tw/m1.aspx?sNo=0000202/ 29-05-2015).
UNESCO. (2013). The International Mobility of Students in Asia and the Pacific. Retrieved October, 5th 2015, from (http://www.uis.unesco.org/Library/Documents/international-student-mobility-asia-pacific-education-2013-en.pdf).
Vaccrino & Hawke. (2011). How you doing, mate? the perception of benefits and barriers in forming friendships with international students: A New Zealand perspective. Intercultural Communication Studies, 20 (2), 177-189.
Van der Werff, J. J. (1991). Identity and development: Identity scientists build their own Babel tower. Unpublished paper, Department of psychology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Vedder, P., & Virta, E. (2005). Language, ethnic identity, and the adaptation of Turkish immigrant youth in the Netherlands and Sweden. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29, 317-337.
Verkuyten, M. (2005). Ethnic group identification and group evaluation among minority and majority groups: Testing the multicultural hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 121-138.
Verkuyten, M. (2005). The social psychology of ethnic identity. New York: Psychology Press.
Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning, and identity. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Woolf, M. (2007). Impossible things before breakfast: Myths in Education abroad. Journal of Studies in International Education, 11, 496-509.
Yu, W., & Wang, S. (2011). An investigation into the acculturation strategies of Chinese students in Germany. Intercultural Communication Studies, 20, 190-210.
Zuengler, J. (1988). Identity markers and L2 pronunciation. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 10, 33-49
Zuengler, J. (1989). Identity and IL development and use. Applied Linguistics Journal, 10, 80-96.
Zuengler, J., & Miller (2006). Cognitive and sociocultural perspectives: Two parallel SLA worlds. TESOL Quarterly 40.1, 35–58.