土石流模擬條件研究- 以豐丘村賀伯颱風為例｜國立臺灣科技大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	游佳穎 Jia-Ying You
論文名稱：	土石流模擬條件研究- 以豐丘村賀伯颱風為例 A Study on the Conditions of Mudflow Simulation in an Example of Foun-Qiu Village under Typhoon Herb
指導教授：	李咸亨 Hsien-heng Lee
口試委員:	詹錢登 Chyan-deng Jan 馮正一 Zheng-yi Feng 林宏達 Horn-da Lin
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工程學院 - 營建工程系 Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年：	2015
畢業學年度：	103
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	131
中文關鍵詞：	豐丘土石流、神木村、初始黏滯係數、入流率、數值模擬
外文關鍵詞：	Feng Qiu mudflow, Shen Mu village, Initial Viscosity, Inflow rate, Numerical Simulation
相關次數：	點閱：170 下載：5
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本研究以模擬分析民國85年賀伯颱風在南投縣信義鄉豐丘村之土石流致災現象為主，然後以民國98年莫拉克颱風度對南投縣信義鄉神木村造成的土石流災害為輔，探討影響土石流行為的重要因子如初始黏滯係數和入流率；田野調查之土石流到達時間以及災後航照圖則做為模擬成果之驗證資料，期以建立未來類似土石流的致災行為之模擬預測。
由流變盒試驗得到之本研究黏滯係數值，皆符合前人對土石流的研究成果。在豐丘村案例中，本文之數值模擬分析發現，當LI=1.0，初始黏滯係數為0.25Pa∙s，且入流率111.11m^3/s時，流到堆積區的時間為10.2分鐘，與田野調查的10分鐘到達時間相同。神木村案例為LI=1.0，初始黏滯係數為0.018Pa∙s，且入流率100m^3/s時，流經神木國小的時間為5.7分鐘，與田野調查的5分鐘結果也是接近的。因此，本研究建議將黏滯係數與入流率視為影響土石流的關鍵因子。

The main simulation study on the mudflow in Feng Qiu Village, Nan-Tou County, under Typhoon Herb at 1996 is employed in this research. Another mudflow in Shen Mu Village under Typhoon Morakot at 2009 is also used to confirm those influence factors, such as initial viscosity and inflow rate, in a simulation analysis. The arriving time of mudflow obtained through fieldwork and aerial photograph after disaster were adopted to examine the numerical simulation results. It is expected to build up key parameters for simulations of similar mudflows in the future.
The viscosity values obtained through Flow Box Test in this study are all compatible to the previous researches. In the Feng Qiu Village case, when LI is 1.0, initial viscosity is 0.25Pa∙s, and in-flow rate is 111.11m^3/s, the arriving time to the accumulation area is 10.2 minutes, which is similar to 10 minutes obtained from fieldwork. In Shen Mu Village case, when LI is 1.0, initial viscosity is 0.018Pa∙s, and in-flow rate is 100m^3/s, the arriving time to the accumulation area is 5.7 minutes, which is also similar to 5 minutes obtained from fieldwork. Therefore, the recommendation in this study is that the viscosity and in-flow rate are two major important influence factors to a mud flow.

論文摘要..................................................I
ABSTRACT.................................................II
致謝.....................................................IV
目錄.....................................................V
表目錄...................................................IX
圖目錄...................................................XI
符號說明.................................................XV
第一章 緒論..............................................1
1前言..................................................1
2 研究動機.............................................2
3 研究內容與流程.......................................3
第二章 文獻回顧..........................................4
1土石流的定義..........................................4
2土石流分類............................................6
3土石流發生基本條件.....................................11
4土石流型為特徵........................................13
5土石流相關參數	........................................14
5.1 土石流降伏應力與黏滯係數............................14
5.2 土石流濃度.........................................15
5.3 土石流流量與規模...................................16
5.4 土石流形成之臨界含水量..............................20
6 流變模式.............................................22
6.1牛頓流體流變模式 (Newtonian fluid model).............23
6.2非牛頓流體流變模式 (Non-Newtonian fluid model).......24
7土石流流變試驗	........................................27
7.1 管式流變計 (Capillary Rheometer)...................28
7.2 旋轉式流變計 (Rotational Rheometer)	................29
7.3 移動球流變計 (Moving Ball Rheometer)...............29
7.4 Stress Rheometer 5流變計...........................30
7.5 流體盒試驗(Flow Box Test)..........................30
第三章  流變方程式探討....................................32
1 流變盒試驗法..........................................32
1.1 流變盒試驗控制方程式................................33
1.2 Flow Box Test數據分析流程..........................36
2 FLO-2D介紹..........................................38
2.1 FLO-2D程式假設與限制...............................38
2.2 控制方程式.........................................39
2.3 FLO-2D流變方程式...................................41
2.4 FLO-2D模擬所需資料................................ 44
3 研究區域介紹........................................ 46
1.1 地理概況..........................................47
1.2颱風雨量資料.......................................48
4 本研究FLO-2D分析參數選定............................ 48
3.1圖層輸入.......................................... 48
3.2 FLO-2D參數設定....................................49
3.3 入流率設定........................................50
3.4崩塌區與堆積區選擇..................................50
第四章 結果及探討........................................51
1 Flow Box Test 成果分析............................  51
1.1 豐丘村與神木村初始黏滯係數成果..................... 51
1.2 豐丘村、神木村和貓空之比較..........................52
1.3 與印尼地區之比較...................................52
2 豐丘村成果探討.......................................53
2.1參數分析1：以不同液性指數(LI )及黏滯係數(η)探討.......53
2.2參數分析2：以入流率(qinflow)探討.................... 53
2.3 賀伯颱風災況分析...................................54
2.4賀伯颱風土石流起始點檢討............................ 57
3 神木村成果探討.......................................57
3.1參數分析1：以不同液性指數(LI )及黏滯係數(η)探討.......57
3.2參數分析2：以入流率(qinflow)探討....................58
3.3以田野調查資料驗證分析結果(到達時間).................58
第五章  結論與建議......................................60
1結論............................................... 60
2 建議...............................................62
參考文獻...............................................64

                                

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