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研究生: 許志毅
Zhi-yi Xu
論文名稱: 室內環境自然對流研究-熱源高度位置與室內流場之關係(實驗室縮小模型)
Nautral convection in an indoor environment - a study on the inflence of the position of a heat source on indoor flow field. (Laboratory reduced scale model)
指導教授: 陳鴻銘
Hung-Ming Chen
林怡均
Yi-Jiun Lin
口試委員: 朱佳仁
none
陳瑞華
none
陳明志
none
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 營建工程系
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 96
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 123
中文關鍵詞: 熱源高度通風熱升流
外文關鍵詞: heat source position, ventilation, thermal plume
相關次數: 點閱:127下載:9
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一般建築的室內空間大部分因為通風設計不佳普遍裝有空調設備,
然而空調設備在現代建築中是一項主要耗能的要素。
本論文的研究目的為研究建築結構物的自然通風機制,
以自然通風的方式調節室內溫度。
室內空間的主要使用區域大部分位於該空間的下層,
為了能夠有效利用自然通風調節室內溫度,
所以將室內溫度的控制專注於下層溫度的調節。
本研究探討不同熱源高度與室內空間上、下層溫度和流場的關係。
觀察室內流場及溫度場相對應之變化,
研究利用基礎點熱源理論(plume theory)推導點熱源強度和對流強度的關係,
以實驗室縮小長方體壓克力箱模擬室內空間環境。
並將此一模型置於一環境水槽中,
藉由改變熱源高度與室內空間的高度比,
量測室內對流的溫度分佈與流場變化。
並以理論公式估算,
室內對流達到穩態時,
上層空間溫度和交界面位置。
經由理論和實驗的結果可以知道隨著熱源高度越高,
上層空間的溫度越高,
上下層空間的交界面高度也越高,
室內空間在開口處的流量則越低。
熱源置於高處可以減少熱源影響下層空間溫度,
使下層非高溫區域高度更高,
但通風量減少,
上層溫度增高。


The interior spaces of most architectures are usually equipped with air-conditioning systems because of poor ventilation designs, but the air-conditioning system in modern buildings is a major energy-consumer. The purpose of this paper is to study the natural ventilation system in an indoor environment. Since most of activities of occupants happen in the lower layer of the space, the control of natural ventilation will focus on the temperature regulation of the lower space. This study discusses the relationship between different heat source heights and the indoor flow fields. Theoretical analysis based on the plume theory is derived to investigate the relationship between positions of point heat sources and indoor ventilation. Using a reduced-scale rectangular acrylic box and placing this acrylic model in an environment tank to simulate an indoor space in a constant environment. I change the vertical height of the heat source, and observe the corresponding indoor flow and temperature. In the experiments, I could estimate the indoor temperature, and determine the interface height when steady state attains. This study shows that the higher of the heat source position, the higher of the upper space temperature. The higher of the heat source position causes the lower exchange volume flux of the indoor space.

目錄 中文摘要 ....................................... i 英文摘要 ....................................... ii 致謝 ....................................... iii 目錄 ....................................... iv 符號索引 ....................................... vii 表目錄 ....................................... ix 圖目錄 ....................................... x 1緒論1 1.1本論文研究目的 ....................................... 1 1.2文獻回顧 ....................................... 2 1.3論文結構 ....................................... 5 2基本分析理論7 2.1點熱升流理論(point plume theory) ....................................... 7 2.2點熱源原點(origin)位置修正 ....................................... 11 2.3座標系統轉換 ....................................... 12 2.4交界面流量 ....................................... 13 2.5交界面高度 ....................................... 14 2.6交界面理論公式 ....................................... 17 2.7穩態時結構物的上部空間溫度 ....................................... 20 2.7.1以點熱升流理論求解 ....................................... 20 2.7.2以能量方程式求解 ....................................... 21 2.7.3以能量方程式和流量式求解 ....................................... 22 2.8暫態時結構物的上部空間溫度 ....................................... 23 2.8.1以點熱升流理論求解 ....................................... 23 2.8.2以能量方程式求解 ....................................... 23 3實驗方法28 3.1實驗設備 ....................................... 28 3.2實驗參數及組別 ....................................... 29 3.3實驗步驟 ....................................... 30 3.3.1實驗前準備 ....................................... 30 3.3.2紀錄儀器設置 ....................................... 30 3.3.3執行步驟 ....................................... 31 3.3.4實驗結束 ....................................... 31 3.4熱電偶誤差測試 ....................................... 31 3.5CCD攝影機誤差值測試 ....................................... 32 4實驗結果與分析35 4.1實驗記錄資料 ....................................... 35 4.2暫態溫度計算 ....................................... 35 4.3溫度分析 ....................................... 38 4.3.1達到穩態平衡的時間 ....................................... 38 4.3.2溫度交界面及上層溫度定義定義 ....................................... 39 4.3.3無因次化 ....................................... 39 4.3.4實驗比較 ....................................... 40 4.3.5穩態理論與實驗比較 ....................................... 40 4.3.6暫態理論與實驗比較 ....................................... 41 4.4影像分析 ....................................... 42 4.4.1影像座標 ....................................... 42 4.4.2影像處裡 ....................................... 42 4.4.3影像交界面定義 ....................................... 43 4.4.4影像交界面比較 ....................................... 43 4.4.5穩態平均速度場時間長度 ....................................... 44 4.4.6流場觀測高度位置 ....................................... 44 4.4.7相同熱源高度垂直速度比較 ....................................... 45 4.4.8不同熱源高度垂直速度比較 ....................................... 45 4.5實驗分析 ....................................... 45 4.6小結 ....................................... 47 5結論與建議49 5.1結論 ....................................... 49 5.2建議 ....................................... 50 參考文獻51

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