摘 要

本論文研究鐵-13.4錳-3.0鋁-0.63碳(wt%)合金的共析反應相變化。合金於1100至650℃時為單一沃斯田體相。而合金經過625℃以下的恆溫的熱處理後，層狀肥粒體及M23C6碳化物晶粒所組成的波來體組織析出於沃斯田體的晶粒內。此種相變化的型式具有共析反應的特徵，其相變化的型式為：γ → α + M23C6。而共析反應的溫度應該介於650至625℃之間。
於TEM-EDS分析合金內組成相的成份，發現波來體組織內的M23C6碳化物含有極高的錳含量。且M23C6碳化物的錳含量是於575℃時為最高，而於600及625℃的溫度時，其內的錳含量有隨溫度的上升而有降低的趨勢。分析波來體組織內的肥粒體晶粒，其所含金屬組成是低錳與高鋁含量；此結果符合於鐵基金屬中的通則：錳為沃斯田體相的穩定元素，而鋁為肥粒體相的穩定元素。
以TEM擇區繞射圖觀察波來體組織，發現肥粒體和鄰近的M23C6碳化物有以下四種的方位關係：(1)為[01 ‾1]α//[1 ‾1 ‾2]C6C6，(011)α//(111)C6及(2 ‾00)α//(22 ‾0)C6；(2)為[111]α//[011 ‾]C6，(11 ‾0)α//(111)C6，此為K-S方位關係；(3)為[112]α//[112]C6，(11 ‾0)α//(111 ‾)C6及(2 ‾2 ‾0)α//(22 ‾0)C6；而(4)為[122]α//[011]C6，(01 ‾1)α//(111 ‾)C6。而(4)的方位關係為本論文首次發現。

ABSTRACT

We have studied an eutectoid reaction of an Fe-Mn-Al steel. The composition of the steel is Fe-13.4Mn-3.0Al-0.63C(wt%). The steel is composed of only austenite at temperatures between 1100 and 650℃. Being solution treated at 1100℃ and aged at temperatures below 625℃, an eutectoid reaction was found in the austenitic matrix, with a pearlite structure consisting of ferrite and M23C6 carbide layers. The eutectoid reaction features: γ → α + M23C6. The eutectoid reaction temperature was found between 625 to 650℃.
In the analysis of the steel composition, the M23C6 carbide in the pearlite structure contains high manganese content. The Mn constituent of the M23C6 carbide decreases as the temperature of the aging process increases for the temperature ranging from 575 to 625℃. The ferrite in the pearlite structure contains lower manganese and higher aluminum contents. It is consistent with a principle of ferritic alloys: the manganese is a stabilizer for austenite, while the aluminum for ferrite, respectively.
We have discovered several orientation relationships between the ferrite and M23C6 carbide as following: [01 ‾1]α//[1 ‾1 ‾2]C6, (011)α//(111)C6 and (2 ‾00)α//(22 ‾0)C6; [111]α//[011 ‾]C6,(11 ‾0)α//(111)C6, this is a K-S orientation relationship; [112]α//[112]C6, (11 ‾0)α//(111 ‾)C6 and (2 ‾2 ‾0)α//(22 ‾0)C6; [122]α//[011]C6,(01 ‾1)α//(111 ‾)C6. The last one is the first time to reveal in the literature.

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