本論文提出一種創新波束掃描陣列系統，該系統以新型平面可調式功率分配器為主要架構，結合單刀雙擲開關(SPDT)、相位可調合成傳輸線(PTSTLs)、藍基耦合器、交叉跨線等，整合形成1×4波束掃描陣列系統。與傳統的波束成形網路(Butler, Blass和Nolen矩陣)相比，所提出的結構可以實現連續掃描範圍，並減少輸入端的數量，以及具備寬頻的效應。1×4波束掃描陣列系統可以輕鬆擴充為4×4波束掃描陣列，使用較少的電路板組成，在二維方向上掃描。本論文將饋入電路與天線進行整合，完成波束掃描陣列之完整架構。經輻射場型之實驗量測，充分驗證其波束掃描之功能。

為了實現全新波束掃描陣列系統與可調式功率分配器，本論文提出一款全新架構相移器。該架構由左手T型和右手π型集總電路所組成，用以實現相位可調之功能，與前人所提出的相位可重置合成傳輸線(PRSTL)不同。在調變過程中保持固定的相位調整範圍，因此可以實現寬頻的特性。所提出的相移器具有低成本和結構簡單的優點，因此可以輕鬆取代相位陣列或其它微波電路中不可避免的均勻傳輸線，同時，整體表現仍然可以與其它媲美。

然後，將相位可調合成傳輸線(PTSTL)與兩個藍基耦合器進行連接，即可實現可調式功率分配器。取決於新型功率分配器具有非常寬的功率分配比調整範圍，因此提出了相移器的新概念。

本論文詳盡討論此創新系統架構之設計概念、電路佈局，及模擬與量測結果，並進行適當分析討論。

This paper proposes a novel beam scanning array system. The system uses a new planar tunable power divider (TPD) as the main building block. In conjunction with an SPDT, phase tunable synthesized transmission lines (PTSTLs), Lange coupler, and crossover, a 1×4 beam scanning array is integrated and realized. When compared with traditional beam-forming networks such as Butler, Blass, or Nolen matrices, the proposed structure can achieve continuous beam scanning with reduced number of input ports. It also has broadband operation. The 1×4 beam scanning array can be easily extended to a planar 4-by-4 array capable of scanning the main beam in two dimensions with a fewer number of the circuit boards. The feeding circuits are integrated with antennas to complete the beam scanning array. The beam scanning arrays proposed in this paper are fully verified by experimental results of radiation patterns.

To fulfill the TPD and hence the beam scanning array, a new phase shifter consisting of left-handed and right-handed hand lumped circuits is proposed to realize the required phase tunability. Different from previous phase reconfigurable synthesized transmission lines (PRSTLs), the proposed phase shifter is able to keep an almost constant phase tuning range over a wide bandwidth to fulfill broadband operation. When compared with the commercial phase shifter, the proposed phase shifter features the advantage of low-cost and simple structure such that it can easily replace the inevitable uniform transmission line in a phased array with high degree of integration; meanwhile, the overall performances are still comparable to the others.

The newly developed synthesized line is then applied to fulfill the tunable power divider by simply inserting the PTSTLs in between two Lange couplers. A very wide power division ratio tuning range is achieved thanks to the new phase shifter.
This paper discusses the design concept, circuit layout, simulation and measurement results of the innovative system architecture in detail, along with some analysis and discussion.

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Datasheet of Skywork SMV1405 [Online]. Available: http://www.skyworksinc.com/Product/552/SMV1405_Series