馬達為最廣泛所使用、用電量占比最高之電氣設備，大至工、商業使用；小至生活周遭3C產品與小家電等，因此提升馬達及其控制設備的效率乃成為節能減碳最主要的關鍵因素。

家用電風扇常使用成本低、控制簡單的感應馬達；但有效率低與噪音大的缺點。永磁式無刷直流馬達，具有體積小、效率高、壽命長與無雜音等優點，極適合使用於需求量龐大的家用電風扇類的系列產品。

本文針對家用電風扇中的馬達進行模擬與分析，並就馬達效率進行優化。研究中分別針對使用於無刷直流馬達中的磁石材料分成釹鐵硼磁石與鐵氧體磁石兩大類別進行比較分析，並評比2極8槽感應馬達及4極9槽無刷直流馬達之性能。在馬達結構外徑及體積尺寸皆為固定的限制下，使用田口實驗方法搭配有限元素分析軟體JMAG_Designer進行邊界條件分析，選定出適當實驗因子與控制水準，交叉實驗結果再進行訊號雜訊比與變異數分析，選出效率最佳化之組合。

根據有限元素分析軟體JMAG_Designer進行磁路分析、加載分析等，得出效率方面的數據，採用鐵氧體磁石的無刷直流馬達之原型機的效率由64.5 %提升至67.5 %；而採用釹鐵硼磁石的無刷直流馬達之原型機由67.5 %提升至83.2 %。兩者相較於感應馬達之原型機實際量測出來的效率為21.74 %高出許多，藉由經濟效益分析可知，選擇新型之無刷直流馬達可大幅提升能源使用效率提升，減少能源之浪費與二氧化碳的排放量。

Recently, energy saving, carbon reduction and improve equipment efficiency are becoming the focus and most concern in many countries due to the energy crisis and greenhouse effect. The motors, occupied the most ratio of energy consumption and widely used in all kinds of industrial equipment and household appliances, have being the key point for securing higher energy efficiency.

The thesis is devoted to improve the efficiency of the motor. The study is initiated to compare the operation performances between induction motor and brushless DC (BLDC) motor which were the most used in the electric fan application. The induction motor has the advantages of low cost, simple control, with the disadvantages of low efficiency and noise. While the permanent magnet BLDC motor has the advantages of small size, high efficiency, long life and noiseless. Therefore, the permanent magnet brushless DC motor is more suitable for used in the electric fan than the induction motor.

In this thesis, the brushless DC motor were analyzed and simulated firstly. The evaluation of brushless DC motor magnet is classified into NdFeB magnet and ferrite magnet for analysis. The newer, better and optimal structure of the 4-pole-9-slot BLDC was proposed which is well required in electric fan.

The mathematical model of motor was analyzed via JMAG_Designer and the analysis is based on Taguchi method. With choosing the control factors under the boundary conditions properly, the optimal combinations of efficiency and performances can be obtained.

The optimal structures with the maximum efficiency of the 4 poles 9 slots BLDC motor using two kinds of materials were achieved using the analysis of variance method. With the aids of the finite element analysis software, the efficiency of brushless DC motor with ferrite material was increased from 64.5% of the prototype motor to 67.5% for new motor. While the efficiency of brushless DC motor with NdFeB material was increased from 67.5% of the prototype motor to 83.2% for new motor. Both efficiency of the two different magnet materials motor structure are higher than the induction motor which only value of 21.74% approximately. A new well design of brushless DC motor suitable for light, small capacity load, such as electric fan, can improve products efficiency and reduce energy consumptions.

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