本論文建置五個分離式閉環式供應鏈和一個集中式供應鏈為基準來探討不同模式將如何影響供應鏈成員的決策。透過建置數學模式，來找尋供應鏈成員利潤的最大化及各模式中決策變數的大小關係。本篇論文與文獻中其他論文最大的不同點在於：(1)新品與再製品的品質不同，(2)在供應鏈中，製造商製新和其他供應鏈成員再製。另外，我們假設不同階層從事Stackelberg Game，同階層從事Nash Game。最後給予結論與未來可能的研究。

In this paper, we develop five decentralized closed-loop supply chain models with remanufacturing and one centralized system with remanufacturing as a benchmark to illustrate how the different models affect the channel decisions. Moreover, we develop the mathematical formula to find the maximal profits of all the members in the closed-loop supply models and further compare the optimal values of all the models. In contrast to previous works (1) The quality of the new products is not as good as the remanufactured products, (2) The manufacturer does manufacturing and other supply chain member in the closed-loop supply chain models does remanufacturing. We consider Stackelberg game to model the competing behavior in different echelons, where the manufacturer has sufficient market power over other channel members to play as a Stackelberg leader. For the channel members in the same echelon, the competing behavior is modelled as a Nash game. At the end, we give conclusions and future research.

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