骨盆將上半身的力量傳遞至下肢，因此骨盆為人類肌肉骨骼系統中承受壓力最大的骨骼之一，若骨盆骨折可能導致關節異常和骨盆不穩定。先前文獻使用體內或體外實驗評估和討論各種固定技術，由於骨質、骨骼解剖結構、骨折模式和固定位置的變化，可能難以公平研究每種固定方式，而有限元素方法可避免變異性的問題，此外，先前的大多數研究在評估骨盆的生物力學時忽略腰椎和股骨的影響，因此本研究的目的是使用有限元素分析法探討完整、骨折和治療的骨盆模型，其在七種不同脊椎姿勢的生物力學性能。
本研究建立了具有肌肉和韌帶的脊椎-骨盆-股骨的三維有限元素模型，分析並討論完整的骨盆、垂直不穩定型骨盆骨折和八種骨折治療方法，骨折治療包括：上方骨螺絲固定、下方骨螺絲固定、雙骨螺絲固定、上方鎖定式骨板固定、下方鎖定式骨板固定、雙鎖定式骨板固定、上方骨螺絲結合下方鎖定式骨板及上方鎖定式骨板結合下方骨螺絲，分析七種脊椎姿勢對治療的影響。其中在設定邊界負載條件，以ANSYS ACT二次開發程式自動化建立彈簧等效人體肌肉與韌帶。在後處理中，計算骨盆固定穩定性、骨盆最大應力和植入物最大應力。
數值結果顯示，雙骨螺絲固定和上方骨螺絲結合下方鎖定式骨板具有較佳固定穩定性。雙骨螺絲固定方式與雙鎖定式骨板固定方式具可接受的固定穩定性、植入物應力和骨盆應力，患者於治療時應避免前彎、右側彎及左側彎等脊椎姿勢。這項研究可幫助外科醫生了解骨盆的生物力學性能，也可用於評估不同的骨盆損傷。

The pelvis is one of the most stressed areas of the human musculoskeletal system due to the transfer of truncal loads to the lower extremities. Pelvic fracture may lead to abnormal joint mechanics and an unstable pelvis. Various fixation techniques have been evaluated and discussed using in-vivo or in-vitro experiments. However, it may be difficult to investigate each technique due to variations in bone quality, bone anatomy, fracture pattern, and fixation location. Additionally, the finite element method is one useful technique that avoids these variations. Unfortunately, most previous studies neglected the effects of the lumbar spine and femurs when they investigated the biomechanics of pelvises. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical performance of intact, injured, and treated pelvises on seven different spinal postures using finite element analysis.
Three-dimensional finite element models of the spine-pelvis-femur complex with muscles and ligaments were developed. The intact pelvis, the vertically unstable pelvis, and eight types of the fracture treatments were analyzed and discussed. The fracture treatments included the upper screw fixation, lower screw fixation, two screw fixation, upper locking plate fixation, lower locking plate fixation, two locking plate fixation, upper locking plate combined with lower screw fixation and upper screw with lower locking plate fixation. The effects of seven different spinal postures on the treatments were also analyzed. ANSYS ACT was used to automatically build springs to model human muscles and ligaments. In postprocessing, the pelvic stability, the implant stress, and the pelvic stress were calculated.
The numerical results showed that two screw fixation and the upper screw fixation combined with lower locking plate have the better stability. Two screw fixation and two locking plate have acceptable fixation stability, lower implant stress, and lower pelvic stress compared to the other fixation techniques. All the treatment techniques could improve the instability of the fracture model. The musculoskeletal model with the left and right lateral bending showed weaker fixation stability. The left lateral bending and flexion posture showed higher implant and pelvic stress compared to the other spinal postures. This study can help surgeons and engineers understand the biomechanics of intact, injured, and treated pelvises. The numerical technique can also be applied to evaluate different pelvic injuries.

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