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研究生： 李鉅萬
Erick - Yusuf Kencana
論文名稱： Evaluation of Acceleration Amplified Response and Mobilized Reinforcement Loads within Geosynthetic-Reinforced Structures under Dynamic Loading
Evaluation of Acceleration Amplified Response and Mobilized Reinforcement Loads within Geosynthetic-Reinforced Structures under Dynamic Loading
指導教授： 楊國鑫
Kuo-Hsin Yang
洪汶宜
Wen-Yi Hung
口試委員: 葛宇甯
Yu-Ning Ge
陳堯中
Yao-Chung Chen
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工程學院 - 營建工程系
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年： 2012
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 166
外文關鍵詞： Acceleration amplification, Input ground acceleration, Geosynthetic-reinforced soil, Dynamic centrifuge test, Shaking table test
相關次數： 點閱：317  下載：1 
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    • Physical data from various dynamic centrifuge tests and shaking table tests on geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) structures are compiled and used to evaluate the acceleration amplified and de-amplified responses and dynamic reinforcement loads within GRS structures. For acceleration amplified response, analysis results show the horizontal acceleration (ah) inside GRS structures has a non-uniform distribution with height and varies with input ground acceleration (ag). The variation and magnitude of an acceleration amplification factor (Am), the ratio of ah to ag, decrease with the increasing ag. The results also show the acceleration amplified responses are highly dependent on acceleration frequency (f). The acceleration inside GRS structures amplifies considerably when Fr, the ratio of predominant to fundamental frequency, approached to one. Further, this research examines the Am and ag relationship (i.e., Am=1.45-ag/g), proposed based on a series of finite-element simulations and adopted in the current GRS structure design guidelines. The comparative results indicate Am and ag relationship adopted in the current design guidelines follows well the trend line (Am=-0.63 lnag+0.47) regressed from the compiled physical data at ag≥ 0.45g but underestimate the Am at ag<0.45g. The influence of location and frequency on Am, as observed from physical data, is not considered in the current design method.
    For dynamic reinforcement loads, different prediction methods are compared with the measured results in the format of summation of total dynamic reinforcement loads. The comparative results indicate the FHWA (2001) is the best method to predict the summation of total dynamic reinforcement loads. In additions, this study found that the effect of facing element can absorb the inertial force of backfill under dynamic conditions and consequently reduce the dynamic reinforcement loads. However, the prediction method proposed by NCMA considering a part of dynamic reinforcement loads induced by facing inertial force, which may overestimate the dynamic reinforcement loads. Moreover, distributions of total dynamic reinforcement loads along the structural height are summarized using the ratio of reinforcement load to summation of dynamic total reinforcement loads, which follows the K-stiffness rationale. The results obtained from this study provide insightful information for seismic design of GRS structures.

    ABSTRACT i Acknowledgements iv List of Table ix List of Figures x List of Symbols, Abbreviations and Nomenclature xv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. MOTIVATION AND OBJECTIVES 1 1.2. SCOPE OF THESIS 2 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND 5 2.1. BACKGROUND 5 2.2. GEOTECHNICAL DYNAMIC MODELING OF REINFORCED SOIL STRUCTURES 8 2.2.1. Vibrating System 8 2.2.2. Dynamic Soil Parameters 11 2.2.3. Type of Dynamic Loadings 13 2.2.4. Dynamic Loading Response 14 2.3. LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE 17 2.3.1. Static Earth Pressure Coefficient 18 2.3.2. Dynamic Earth Pressure Coefficient 19 2.4. SEISMIC DESIGN METHODS OF MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH (MSE) STRUCTURES 21 2.4.1 Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) 23 2.4.2 National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA) 25 2.4.3 Bathurst and Cai (1995) 26 2.4.4 Leshchinsky’s Log-Spiral Limit Equilibrium (Leshchinsky et al. 2010) 27 CHAPTER 3: DYNAMIC CENTRIFUGE TEST 33 3.1. NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY 34 3.1.1. Centrifuge Facilities 34 3.1.2. Test Program 35 3.1.3. Backfill Material 38 3.1.4. Reinforcement Material 38 3.1.5. Instrumentation 38 3.1.6. Input Motions 39 3.2. DATA PROCESSING 41 3.2.1. Maximum of Peak 42 3.2.2. Average of Peak 43 3.2.3. Mode of Peak 44 3.2.4. Root Mean Square (RMS) 44 CHAPTER 4: COMPILATION OF DYNAMIC TEST DATABASE 49 4.1. CENTRIFUGE SHAKING TABLE TEST 51 4.1.1. Ling et al. (2004) 51 4.1.2. Roessig and Sitar (2006) 52 4.1.3. Liu et al. (2010) 53 4.2. SHAKING TABLE TEST 54 4.2.1. Richardson and Lee (1975) 54 4.2.2. Matsuo et al. (1998) 56 4.2.3. El-Emam and Bathurst (2004, 2005) 57 4.2.4. Ling et al. (2005) 58 4.2.5. El-Emam and Bathurst (2007) 59 4.2.6. Krishna and Latha (2007) 60 4.2.7. Latha and Krishna (2008) 60 4.2.8. Huang et al. (2010) 61 4.3. NUMERICAL SIMULATION 62 4.3.1. Sergestin and Bastick (1988) 62 4.3.2. Liu et al. (2011) 63 4.3.3. Zarnani et al. (2011) 64 CHAPTER 5: EVALUATION ON ACCELERATION AMPLIFIED RESPONSE 67 5.1. INFLUENCE OF PARAMETERS ON ACCELERATION AMPLIFICATION FACTOR, Am 67 5.1.1. Location 69 5.1.2. Facing Inclination and Thickness 74 5.1.3. Initial Relative Density 75 5.1.4. Reinforcement Strength 76 5.1.5. Vertical Spacing 77 5.1.6. Surcharge 78 5.1.7. Frequency 79 5.1.8. Input Ground Acceleration 80 5.1.9. Identification of the Most Influential Factors on Am 84 5.2. EXAMINATION OF Am IN CURRENT DESIGN GUIDELINES 87 5.2.1. Transition point of the Am in Function of Input Ground Acceleration 88 5.2.2. Contribution of the Influencing Parameters on the Design Guidelines 91 5.2.3. Comparison of Modified Method to Design Guidelines 92 CHAPTER 6: EVALUATION ON TOTAL DYNAMIC REINFORCEMENT LOADS 95 6.1 DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL DYNAMIC REINFORCEMENT LOAD 95 6.2 EVALUATIONS OF VARIOUS DESIGN METHODS FOR PREDICTING TOTAL DYNAMIC REINFORCEMENT LOADS 98 6.2.1 Limit Equilibrium Approach (Leshchinsky et al. 2010) 99 6.2.2 Failure Surface 102 6.2.3 Comparison of Predicted and Measured Dynamic Reinforcement Loads 104 CHAPTER 7: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 109 7.1 SUMMARY OF RESEARCH COMPONENTS 109 7.2 CONCLUSIONS OF EACH RESEARCH COMPONENT 110 7.3 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH 112 References 115 Appendix 120

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