敏捷軟體開發（agile software development，ASD）為1990年代興起的軟體開發典範，至今仍在軟體開發社群間蔚為流行。相較於傳統軟體開發方法，ASD能快速因應需求變更，並更強調人員和團隊。ASD引起了人們對漸進式開發、快速迭代週期及有效溝通的注意，這大幅降低了打造現代全球資訊網應用程式的風險。隨著近幾十年來ASD在業界及學界的蓬勃發展，我們認為有必要囊括最新的ASD文獻，來進行全面性的ASD文獻回顧。本研究旨在透過分析過往文獻以追蹤ASD的演變，並為軟體開發研究人員及從業人員提供廣泛的概述。我們採用主路徑分析，一種用於系統性文獻回顧的基於引證的數學方法。主路徑分析透過將引證網路映射至幾個重要的引證鏈，來將主要的知識流視覺化，以追蹤研究領域的主要演變。本研究分析了921篇於1989年至2020年間發表的ASD文獻，指出ASD學術研究的發展可分為三個階段，且各階段聚焦於不同的主題。另外，回顧文獻在ASD研究進展中佔有一席之地。此外，我們發現在〈敏捷宣言〉發表的若干年後，ASD研究出現了成長浪潮，顯示〈敏捷宣言〉刺激了該領域。最後，我們總結近期研究中所建議的幾個ASD潛在研究議題，而這些議題可能是ASD研究的下一步。

Agile software development (ASD) emerged as a new software development paradigm in the 1990s and is still popular among the software development community these days. Contrary to the traditional methodologies, ASD responds to requirement changes quickly and emphasizes more on the people and the teams. ASD calls attention to incremental development, fast iteration cycles, and efficient communication, which largely reduce risks in building modern World Wide Web software applications. As ASD prospers in both the industry and research field in recent decades, we see the need for a comprehensive ASD literature review covering the latest ASD articles. This study aims to trace the evolution of ASD by analyzing previous literature and provide both software development researchers and practitioners with an extensive overview. We apply main path analysis, a citation-based mathematical approach for systematic literature review. Main path analysis visualizes the main knowledge flow by mapping citation networks into few significant citation chains to trace the major evolution of a research field. This study analyzes 921 articles published between 1989 and 2020, revealing that the development of ASD research can be divided into three phases, while different topics are focused on in each period. Also, the review articles play a certain role in the research progress of the ASD field. Furthermore, we find that there is a wave of ASD research growth after a few years of the publication of the Agile Manifesto, indicating that it is a stimulus to the field. Towards the end, we summarize several ASD potential research areas suggested in recent studies, which are probably the next steps for ASD research.

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