世界各國的中央銀行普遍認為中央銀行數位貨幣 (Central Bank Digital Currency, CBDC) 是貨幣發展的未來方向。在加快發展CBDC的問題上，各國中央銀行之間也已經達成共識。然而，目前許多國家的CBDC都還停留在概念驗證和試點階段，其發展速度其實並沒有預期中那麼快。現有研究更多的是針對CBDC宏觀經濟影響以及技術可行性展開的，鮮有和CBDC相關的消費者行為科學研究。此外，也沒有科學研究試圖設計一個有效的CBDC使用者介面。因此，本研究的目的是通過三個研究議題，以量化的研究方法來預測CBDC的使用性，並對央行數位貨幣的介面互動設計展開研究。
研究議題一通過文獻的整理與回顧構建了一個創新的概念模型。隨後，該模型被用於預測影響CBDC的使用性的重要因素。研究結果表明：（1）影響使用意圖的最重要變數是感知有用性。（2）個人創新性被證實對CBDC的感知易用性影響最大。（3）本研究還發現獎勵機制是感知有用性最主要的預測因子。
研究議題二的實驗是一個3（動態頁面互動）X4（多模態操作回饋）的混合因子設計，共創建了12個CBDC的原型應用程式，以評估研究變數對使用者的任務績效以及主觀評價的影響。研究結果顯示：（1）動態頁面互動和多模態操作回饋影響了CBDC使用者的任務績效。（2）具有動態頁面互動和多模態操作回饋的CBDC介面在使用者使用性方面的評價更高。（3）觸覺回饋可能與CBDC的使用者推薦指數有關。（4）儘管動態頁面互動比非動態互動有更高的使用者偏好，但它們可能帶給使用者的安全感更少。
研究議題三的實驗是一個2（圖形隱喻）×3（手勢類型）×2（視覺回饋）的混合因子設計，共創建了12個CBDC原型應用程式，並根據使用者的任務績效和一系列的主觀評價進行了評估。研究結果顯示：（1）圖形隱喻的使用者介面設計可以提高CBDC的介面使用性和主觀評價，還可能喚起使用者曾經使用傳統紙幣的體驗感。（2）在CBDC使用者介面上使用錢幣移動的動畫提示可能有助於喚起使用者使用現金的體驗。（3）本研究發現揮動型手勢可能會讓使用者花更多的時間來完成CBDC的操作任務。（4）錢幣移動的動畫提示可能有更快的表現和更高的合理性。
上述發現可能可以給各國央行及CBDC相關研究人員提供一定程度上的參考，以加快CBDC的採用速度，並提高CBDC的介面使用性。此外，本研究將填補現有研究的空白，為準備發行CBDC的各國央行提供理論支援，並且對CBDC的未來發展有積極意義。

Central banks worldwide widely acknowledge that Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) represents the future trajectory of monetary development. Consensus among central banks across nations has been achieved regarding expediting CBDC development. However, many countries' CBDC initiatives remain in the conceptual validation and pilot phase, with actual progress not meeting initial expectations. Existing research predominantly focuses on the macroeconomic impacts and technical feasibility of CBDCs, neglecting consumer behavior science linked to CBDCs. Additionally, there is a dearth of scientific research attempting to design an effective CBDC user interface. Hence, this study aims to explore CBDC usability through three research issues, utilizing quantitative research methods, and delve into interface interaction design for central bank digital currencies.
Issue one of the study constructs an innovative conceptual model through literature review and synthesis. Subsequently, this model is employed to forecast crucial factors influencing CBDC usability. Findings indicate that: (1) The most significant variable affecting usage intent is perceived usefulness. (2) Individual innovativeness significantly impacts the perceived ease of use of CBDCs. (3) Reward mechanisms emerge as the primary predictive factor for perceived usefulness.
Issue two involves an experiment employing a 3 (dynamic page interaction) × 4 (multi-modal feedback) mixed factorial design, creating 12 prototype CBDC applications. The evaluation assesses the impact of research variables on user task performance and subjective evaluations. Results show that: (1) Dynamic page interaction and multi-modal feedback affect CBDC users' task performance. (2) CBDC user interfaces with dynamic page interaction and multi-modal feedback receive higher usability ratings from users. (3) Tactile feedback may be associated with the CBDC user recommendation index. (4) Despite dynamic page interaction being more preferred by users than non-dynamic interaction, it might offer users less sense of security.
Issue three experiment employs a 2 (graphical metaphor) × 3 (gesture type) × 2 (visual feedback) mixed factorial design, creating 12 CBDC prototype applications. Evaluation based on user task performance and a series of subjective evaluations reveals that: (1) User interface designs employing graphical metaphors enhance CBDC interface usability and subjective evaluations, potentially evoking users' experiences with traditional cash use. (2) Animation prompts of coin movement on the CBDC user interface might evoke users' experiences with cash usage. (3) The study finds that waving gestures may result in users spending more time completing CBDC operational tasks. (4) Animation prompts of coin movement might display quicker performance and higher plausibility.
These findings potentially provide insights to central banks globally and CBDC researchers, expediting CBDC adoption and enhancing CBDC interface usability. Furthermore, this study fills research gaps, offering theoretical supports to central banks preparing to issue CBDCs and holds positive implications for the future development of CBDCs.

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