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研究生： 張乃文
Nai-Wen Chang
論文名稱： 營建工程專案動態物料配置最佳化模式之研究
Optimized Construction Project Dynamic Material Layout Planning
指導教授： 鄭明淵
Min-Yuan Cheng
口試委員: 姚乃嘉
Nie-Jia Yau
郭斯傑
Sy-Jye Guo
黃榮堯
Rong-Yao Huang
楊亦東
I-Tung Yang
曾仁杰
Ren-Jye Dzeng
曾惠斌
Hui-Ping Tserng
鄭明淵
Min-Yuan Cheng
學位類別： 博士
Doctor
系所名稱： 工程學院 - 營建工程系
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年： 2018
畢業學年度： 106
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 78
中文關鍵詞： 佈局優化 、動態物料場域配置規劃 、建築資訊模型 、人工智慧 、生物共生演化法
外文關鍵詞： Layout Optimization, Dynamic Material Site Layout Planning, Building Information Model, Artificial Intelligence, Symbiotic Organisms Search
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    • 工程物料配置為臨時設施配置的重要項目之一；然而，工程管理人員在處理物料配置的時候，若缺乏事前有效的資料整合及規劃，很難綜合考量資源需求以求得最佳化的物料配置，除了缺乏效率外，同時亦無端損失許多的時間與成本。另外，也因現行的配置規劃過程中，其規劃所需的各種資料來源缺乏整體性，且資料格式並不一致。導致工程管理人員必須不斷從各個資料來源摘取所需的資料再展繪於圖上，冗長且重複的規劃過程，將造成管理人員相當沉重的負擔。
    本研究擬發展一套動態物料配置最佳化模式（Dynamic Construction Material Layout Planning Model），本模式主要以動態作業排程角度切入，探討最佳化物料配置問題。除考慮因時程進度演進，產生之動態物料需求及儲區位置、面積大小改變之變動因素外，為更貼近實際工程運作情形，亦將作業浮時納入考量，探討供需位置三維空間旅運距離會隨作業時程改變之動態物料配置問題；即結合時程、建築資訊模型技術、數量計算與工料分析作業流程，產生工程配置所需之動態需求資訊；再應用生物共生演算法（Symbiotic Organisms Search，SOS），求解最佳化的工區物料配置規劃。最後，應用於實際執行一建築專案，所求得動態配置位置規劃所需的總旅運距離為954,736公尺，與固定配置位置所需的總旅運距離為1,659,457公尺相比較，動態配置位置規劃節省了近二分之一的旅運距離長度，大幅縮短了物料搬運的成本耗費，更驗證本模式運作的成效。

    Construction material layout planning is a key project in temporary facility layouts. When allocating materials without effective resource consolidation and planning in advance, construction managers usually have difficulties in comprehensively determining resource demand to optimize material layout. This also leads to reduced efficiency, increased cost, and unnecessary loss of time. Currently, various sources of information concerning layout planning are disorganized and lack a consistent format, forcing construction managers to continually collect the required data from various sources and consolidate them into diagrams. This repetitive and time-consuming process is extremely cumbersome for construction managers.
    This study proposed the Dynamic Construction Material Layout Planning Optimization Model to investigate the optimization of material layout from the perspective of dynamic task scheduling. In addition to the variables of schedule advancement and evolution, dynamic material requirements, and changes in storage sites and areas, task float times were analyzed to account for the changes in three-dimensional travel distances between material supply and demand sites concurrently with changes in task schedules and ensure that the observations conformed to real-time conditions. First, schedule and building information modeling techniques as well as the procedures for quantity take-off and construction materials and quantity analysis were consolidated to produce dynamic material requirements data for construction layout planning. Second, the symbiotic organisms search algorithm was applied to derive the optimized construction site material layout plan. Finally, the proposed model was applied to a construction project. The required total distance for the dynamic material layout plan was 954,736 m, which saved roughly half of the required distance compared with the fixed material layout plan of 1,659,457 m. This greatly reduced material transportation costs and validated the effectiveness of the proposed model.

    摘 要..............................................................................I Abstract...........................................................................ii 致 謝.............................................................................iv 第一章 緒論..........................................................................1 1.1 研究動機.........................................................................1 1.2 研究目的.........................................................................3 1.3 研究範圍與限制....................................................................5 1.4 研究方法與流程....................................................................6 1.5 論文架構.........................................................................7 第二章 文獻探討.......................................................................9 2.1場域配置規劃相關研究文獻整理與討論.....................................................9 2.2 物料需求計劃.....................................................................13 2.2.1 物料需求計劃(MRP)的定義.........................................................13 2.2.2 MRP的概念與架構................................................................13 2.3 BIM與QTO整合應用相關文獻探討.......................................................15 2.3.1 建築資訊模型（BIM）.............................................................15 2.3.2 BIM整合QTO相關應用.............................................................16 2.4生物共生演算法....................................................................18 2.4.1生物共生演算法概念...............................................................18 2.4.2生物共生演算法流程圖.............................................................20 2.4.3 生物共生演算法之應用與效能比較....................................................22 2.5 小結...........................................................................23 第三章 週期動態物料需求計劃............................................................24 3.1週期物料規劃......................................................................24 3.2考慮「浮時」影響因素之動態時程規劃....................................................26 3.3整合動態時程規劃與週期物料需求計畫....................................................28 3.4動態物料需求量(M(X)CNH)的計算公式...................................................29 第四章 動態物料配置最佳化模式之建立......................................................31 4.1 物料儲存區面積與需求位置分析........................................................32 4.1.1 建立BIM-QTO-B.O.M.串聯機制.....................................................32 4.1.2 週期動態物料需求計劃............................................................36 4.1.3 產生動態物料需求面積與需求位置....................................................37 4.2 物料存區可能區域分析..............................................................39 4.3 儲區潛在位置分析..................................................................40 4.4 物料配置最適儲區分析..............................................................41 4.4.1 動態存區配置規劃................................................................41 4.4.2 旅運分析之目標函數與方程式.......................................................43 第五章 案例分析與模式實測驗證...........................................................46 5.1 案例背景介紹.....................................................................46 5.2 最佳化搜尋步驟說明................................................................49 5.2.1 最佳化搜尋流程圖和求解步驟說明....................................................49 5.2.2 虛擬程式碼(pseudocode)........................................................51 5.3 最佳化搜尋結果與探討..............................................................52 第六章 結論與建議.....................................................................55 6.1 結論...........................................................................55 6.2 建議...........................................................................56

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