台北市區的房價逐年上漲，根據統計顯示，買房者在台北的平均可負擔的買房預算約為1500萬。若以最具指標性的大安區新房平均房價概算，購買坪數扣除新住宅社區建案平均30~40%的公共設施比例，可得知室內坪數約38.513～44.926平方公尺是一個平均在台北市大安區可負擔的住宅大小。購買坪數30~40%的住宅公共設施中，施除了提供機電、電梯、樓梯間等，其餘大約5%購買坪數空間經常會規劃為社區住戶共同使用的公共設施空間。為了瞭解住宅如何滿足買房者社交需求以回應社會孤寂感的問題，此研究目的在了解台北市獨居或是兩人同居的買房者的（一）社交習慣（二）住宅公共設施空間需求（三）小坪數住宅單元格局偏好。
過去沒有研究將可負擔住宅、高層建築中的社會孤寂感、平面規劃偏好三者因素綜合研究，因此希望這個研究能夠發現在不失去舒適度的前提下，可以輔助人們社交活動的住宅室內規劃設計以及住宅公共設施安排。這個研究以發放問卷並的量性研究方式收集數據，問卷內容以李克特五等第量尺(Likert 5-point scale)來請受訪者填答以是否適合社交和居住舒適度，對於住宅單元平片規劃以及住宅公共設施的喜好程度的排序。問卷資料採用SPSS交叉列表及弗里德曼檢驗調查分析結果。
綜合結果顯示，在自家外社交是最受歡迎的社交場地。而KTV、一樓大廳、娛樂室則是被視為自適合社交的住宅公共設施。跟住宅室內規劃相關的結果有：室內擁有至少一個房間數最受喜歡，另外，臥室與工作空間應有獨立隔間，並且臥室要以實牆做區隔。廁所與廚房的位置、相對應座向以及隱蔽度會影響人的喜好程度。最後，日式室內風格是適合在家社交的規劃方式，但是洋式室內風格為居住舒適度最高的設計風格。此研究結果的初步成果可以提供建築設計者、建商作為未來規劃集合住宅的參考，以及提供相關政策的發展。

Housing prices continue to soar in Taipei, the capital city of Taiwan. Statistical data revealed the reasonable home-buying budget of the average income falls at NTD15,000K. In other words, the affordable indoor dwelling area is around 38.513 m2 to 44.926 m2 in Da’an District, the most densely populated district and an important center of business, finance, and technology. The affordability of housing and changes in social environment are important factors that should be put into consideration in the discussion of design and planning strategies of apartment housing, yet it is an under-researched topic. This research aims at exploring how people’s social behaviors and preferences affect the designs of the physical spaces of apartment housing in Taipei City.
Using quantitative method, three factors will be studied. These factors include people’s social activity preferences, people’s requirements for amenity in building complexes, and the layout preferences of small-sized apartments. A collection of floor plans featuring various spatial elements and popular amenities are tested via a questionnaire in Taipei. The respondents (n=265) were asked to evaluate spatial arrangements from the perspective of socialization and living comfort with a 5-point Likert Scale. The aggregated data were analyzed using SPSS cross-tabulation and Friedman test. Results show that respondents like to engage socially in public spaces outside of their private residence. KTVs, lobby halls, and entertainment rooms located on the lower floors of a building are the most liked amenity arrangement for social activities. To have at least one room in a small apartment is most desired, and there should be an individual room reserved for a bedroom and working space that is divided by fixed partitions. Placement, spatial relationship, and privacy of bathroom and kitchen design are influential in people’s preferences. Different styles of the layout have different spatial advantages, Japanese-style layouts are suitable for social activities and western-styles are more comfortable to live in. In conclusion, this research can provide an initial guideline for designing an apartment that better facilitate people’s social life with the intention to facilitate people’s social life and relieve loneliness, which can further assist architecture designers, real estate developers, government policymakers in creating a better living environment.

Gliem, J. A., & Gliem, R. R. (2003). Calculating, interpreting, and reporting Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for Likert-type scales. Midwest Research-to-Practice Conference in Adult, Continuing, and Community Education.
Lin, J.-H. (2015). An integrated motive based consumer segmentation for Karaoke TV (KTV) and service strategy. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 03(07), 148–153.
Milanovic, Z., Jorgić, B., Trajković, N., Sporis, G., Pantelić, S., & James, N. (2013). Age related decrease in physical activity and functional fitness among elderly men and women. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 549.
Persily, A., & Emmerich, S. (2016). The Indoor Environmental Side of Resilience. ASHRAE journal, 58(2), 71.
Tung, Y.-C., Hu, S.-C., & Tsai, T.-Y. (2009). Influence of bathroom ventilation rates and toilet location on odor removal. Building and Environment, 44(9), 1810–1817.
Ignatius, T. S., Chiu, Y. L., Au, J. S., Wong, T. W., & Tang, J. L. (2006). Dose-response relationship between cooking fumes exposures and lung cancer among Chinese nonsmoking women. Cancer research, 66(9), 4961-4967.
Lee, Y., & Ko, Y. G. (2018). Feeling lonely when not socially isolated: Social isolation moderates the association between loneliness and daily social interaction. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 35(10), 1340-1355.
Jibeen, T. (2016). Perceived social support and mental health problems among Pakistani university students. Community mental health journal, 52(8), 1004-1008.
Wang, J., Lloyd-Evans, B., Giacco, D., Forsyth, R., Nebo, C., Mann, F., & Johnson, S. (2017). Social isolation in mental health: a conceptual and methodological review. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 52(12), 1451-1461.
Construction and Planning Agency Ministry of the Interior (CPAMI) (2018). 基本居住水準[ The Basic Living Standards]. Retrieved from http://cpami.gov.tw
Pirani, E. (2014). Household composition. Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 2944–2945.
Lu, H. C., & Chen, M. (2006). Cultural Norms and Tenure Choice: Investigating the High Homeownership Rate in Taiwan.

National Statistics Republic of China (Taiwan) (NAROC) General Statistical Analysis Report. Retrieved from https://eng.stat.gov.tw
Carbone, J. T., Clift, J., Wyllie, T., & Smyth, A. (2021). Housing Unit Type and Perceived Social Isolation Among Senior Housing Community Residents. The Gerontologist.
Alho, J., & Keilman, N. (2010). On future household structure [Abstract]. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society), 173(1), 117-143.
Cho, M. E. (2002). A study of housing design guidelines for the single household [Abstract]. Journal of Korean home management association, 20(6), 219-227.
Qin, X. (2015). Micro-apartment in Beijing China (Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati).
Hampton, K. (2017). Technology recharges public space. Smart Cities Dive. Retrieved January 9, 2022, from https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/ex/sustainablecitiescollective/technology-recharges-public-space/224981/
Chen, Y.-L. (2016, July 28). The factors and implications of rising housing prices in Taiwan. Brookings. Retrieved January 9, 2022, from https://www.brookings.edu/opinions/the-factors-and-implications-of-rising-housing-prices-in-taiwan/
Construction and Planning Agency Ministry of the Interior (CPAMI) (2021). 建築技術規則[Building Technical Regulation]. Retrieved from http://cpami.gov.tw
Chang, C. O., & Chen, M. C. (2012). Taiwan: Housing bubbles and affordability. Global housing markets: crises, policies, and institutions, 447-463.
Pew Research Center. (2020, May 30). Social isolation and New Technology. Pew Research Center: Internet, Science & Tech. Retrieved January 9, 2022, from https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2009/11/04/social-isolation-and-new-technology/
Dania, A. Y., Zain, Z., & Pebriano, V. MICRO-APARTMENT IN PONTIANAK. JMARS: Jurnal Mosaik Arsitektur, 9(1), 258-269.
連 珠君. (2019, November 29). 2千萬買房北市蛋白優選區3招找超值房. 蘋果新聞網. Retrieved January 9, 2022, from https://tw.appledaily.com/property/20191129/NULROG3DPN44V2FC5JJZSTWQ64/
樂居科技股份有限公司(LEJU Technology co. Ltd.). (n.d.). 台北市實價登錄近一年成交價78.94萬/坪樂居. Retrieved January 9, 2022, from https://www.leju.com.tw/region_price/city_info?city=%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82
2021買房大調查3：1,500萬是極限！七都購屋預算全破千萬. 實價登錄比價王. (2022, January 9). Retrieved January 9, 2022, from https://news.houseprice.tw/2842
Mamaghani, N. K., Asadollahi, A. P., & Mortezaei, S. R. (2015). Designing for improving social relationship with interaction design approach. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 201, 377-385.
Kawachi, I., & Berkman, L. F. (2001). Social ties and mental health. Journal of Urban health, 78(3), 458-467.
Chen, J. C. P., Tsaih, L. S. J., & Li, Y. F. (2020). Exploring views on communal amenities and well-being in housing for seniors in Taiwan. Building Research & Information, 48(3), 239-253.
Foth, M., & Sanders, P. (2005). Social networks in inner-city apartment complexes and the implications for the residential architecture of public space. Digital Cities: the augmented public space, 33-43.
Bee, A. S., & Im, L. P. (2016). The provision of vertical social pockets for better social interaction in high-rise living. PLANNING MALAYSIA, 14(4).
Nguyen, L., van den Berg, P., Kemperman, A., & Mohammadi, M. (2020). Where do people interact in high-rise apartment buildings? Exploring the influence of personal and neighborhood characteristics. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(13), 4619.
Bandara, W. D., Rathnayake, R., Mahanama, P. K. S., & Wickramaarachchi, N. (2020). An investigation on community spaces in condominiums and their impact on social interactions among apartment dwellers concerning the city of Colombo. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 2(1), 100043.
Shore, Z. (2014). The case for micro-apartment housing in growing urban centers (Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology).
Gao, X., Asami, Y., Zhou, Y., & Ishikawa, T. (2013). Preferences for floor plans of medium-sized apartments: A survey analysis in Beijing, China. Housing Studies, 28(3), 429-452.
Tervo, A., & Hirvonen, J. (2020). Solo dwellers and domestic spatial needs in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. Housing Studies, 35(7), 1194-1213.
Soub, N. M. H., & Memikoğlu, İ. (2020). Exploring the Preferences for Micro-Apartments. Online Journal of Art and Design, 8(2).
Ossokina, I. V., Arentze, T. A., van Gameren, D., & van den Heuvel, D. (2020). Best living concepts for elderly homeowners: combining a stated choice experiment with architectural design. Journal of housing and the built environment, 35(3), 847-865.
Raviz, S. R. H., Eteghad, A. N., Guardiola, E. U., & Aira, A. A. (2015). Flexible housing: The role of spatial organization in achieving functional efficiency. ArchNet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, 9(2), 65.
Kondrat’eva, L., & Volkov, S. (2013). Minimizing the residential indoor spaces for comfort living. World Appl. Sci. J, 23(812), 207-211.
Heydaripour, O., & Toomani, S. (2016). Principles of Designing Optimized Dwelling Apartments in Small Scale. International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies (IJHCS) ISSN 2356-5926, 3(2), 832-842.
Sima, L. (2015). A study on small apartment design in China: Evaluation on the impressions of and preferences for the floor plans. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 14(2), 307-314.
Danko, M. R. (2013). Designing Affordable Housing for Adaptability: Principles, Practices, & Application.
Hofman, E., Halman, J. I., & Ion, R. A. (2006). Variation in housing design: identifying customer preferences. Housing Studies, 21(6), 929-943.
Olanrewaju, A., & Wong, H. C. (2020). Evaluation of the requirements of first time buyers in the purchase of affordable housing in Malaysia. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 35(1), 309-333.
Gangwar, G. (2016). Affordable housing: Reality or myth. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(30).
Chen, M. C., Tsai, I. C., & Chang, C. O. (2007). House prices and household income: Do they move apart? Evidence from Taiwan. Habitat International, 31(2), 243-256.
Chen, Y. L. (2015). The factors and implications of rising housing prices in Taiwan. Taiwan-US Quarterly Analysis, (18).
Delmendo, L. C. (2021, August 2). Taiwan's house prices surging, amidst strong economic growth. Global Property Guide. Retrieved January 9, 2022, from https://www.globalpropertyguide.com/Asia/Taiwan/Price-History
Pollack, C. E., Griffin, B. A., & Lynch, J. (2010). Housing affordability and health among homeowners and renters. American journal of preventive medicine, 39(6), 515-521.
Bourassa, S. C., & Peng, C. W. (2011). Why is Taiwan’s homeownership rate so high?. Urban Studies, 48(13), 2887-2904.