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研究生: 高弘穎
Hang-Ying Kao
論文名稱: 雙埠SRAM自我測試演算法驗證系統之設計與實現
Design and Implementation of a FPGA-based Verification System for BIST Algorithms of Two-port SRAMs
指導教授: 吳乾彌
Chen-Mie Wu
口試委員: 陳省隆
Hsing-Lung Chen
陳郁堂
Yie-Tarng Chen
陳漢宗
Hann-Tzong Chern
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 70
中文關鍵詞: 內建自我測試
外文關鍵詞: SRAM BIST
相關次數: 點閱:125下載:3
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  • 本論文係有關雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證系統之設計與實現,相關研究工作包含四大部分:
    第一部份為探討雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證系統之結構,在分析其待測電路特性並考量驗證系統的故障植入與內建自我測試演算法後,發展出雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證系統。
    第二部份為設計與實現雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證系統之硬體,其中包含了雙埠SRAM、故障植入及故障偵測等之電路設計,使能估算故障涵蓋率。最後,將以上設計之硬體整合於單晶片可程式化邏輯陣列中,並以Altera FPGA開發板實現之。
    第三部份是驗證系統之軟/硬體整合設計與實現,包含撰寫Nios II相關驅動程式與使用Nios II IDE來驗證其功能。
    第四部份是分別以軟、硬體模擬來驗證驗證系統之執行效能。
    整體而言,本論文係以研究與設計雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證系統為目標,並將其實現於FPGA開發板上。經由各種不同容量大小SRAM做實驗,本論文證實以硬體模擬來驗證內建自我測試演算法有遠勝於軟體模擬的效能。


    This thesis is related to the design and implementation of a FPGA-based verification system for BIST (Built-In Self-Test) algorithms of two-port SRAMs. The related research work includes four parts:
    The first part is to explore the architecture for the verification system of the two-port SRAM BIST algorithms. After analyzing the property of the circuit under test and considering about fault injection and the BIST algorithms related to the verification system, a verification system for the BIST algorithms of two-port SRAMs has been developed.
    The second part is to design and implement the hardware for the verification system of the two-port SRAM BIST algorithms. This research work consists of designing circuits for two-port SRAM, fault injection, and fault detection. Therefore fault coverage can be evaluated. Finally the hardware designed above are integrated onto a single-chip field programmable gate array and implemented on an Altera FPGA development board.
    The third part is about the hardware/software co-design and implementation of the verification system. Here Nios-II-related drivers are written and the Nios II IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is used to verify the function of the verification system.
    The fourth part is to use both the software and hardware simulation to verify the run-time performance of the verification system.
    On the whole, the goal of this thesis is to do researches on the design of a verification system for the two-port SRAM BIST algorithms. Meanwhile the verification system has been implemented on the FPGA development board. After being experimented with SRAMs of various sizes this thesis has demonstrated that hardware simulation (or emulation) can be much more efficient than software simulation in the process of verifying the correctness of the BIST algorithms.

    第一章緒論 1.1 研究背景與動機 1.2 研究內容相關架構 1.3 論文組織及概觀 第二章雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證系統之發展環境與驗證流程 2.1 SOPC-based軟/硬體整合設計簡介 2.2 Altera SOPC-based軟體發展環境 2.3 Altera SOPC-based硬體發展環境 2.3.1 NIOS II嵌入式系統 2.3.1.1 CPU架構 2.3.1.2 Avalon Bus架構 2.3.2 Quartus II SOPC發展系統 2.3.3 Altera Stratix II FPGA開發板 2.4 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證架構與開發流程 2.4.1 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法架構之軟體模擬驗證 2.4.2 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證架構之硬體開發流程 第三章 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證系統之結構與設計 3.1 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證系統之結構 3.2 雙埠SRAM結構與故障模型 3.2.1 雙埠SRAM結構 3.2.2 雙埠SRAM之故障模型 3.2.2.1 故障模型之固定故障 3.2.2.2 故障模型之傳輸故障 3.2.2.3 故障模型之開路故障 3.2.2.4 故障模型之耦合故障 3.2.2.5 故障模型之位址解碼故障 3.3 雙埠SRAM之March-based內建自我測試演算法 3.3.1 March-based內建自我測試演算法之標示符號 3.3.2 March-based內建自我測試演算法之介紹 3.3.2.1 MSCAN演算法 3.3.2.2 MATS++演算法 3.3.2.3 Extended March C-演算法 3.3.3 March-based內建自我測試演算法之結果分析 3.4 雙埠SRAM故障模擬、植入與偵測 3.4.1 雙埠SRAM故障之模擬 3.4.2 雙埠SRAM故障之植入 3.4.3 雙埠SRAM故障之偵測 3.4.4 雙埠SRAM故障涵蓋率之統計 3.5 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證系統之設計與實現 第四章 雙埠記憶體內建自我測試演算法驗證系統之硬體實現 4.1 FPGA-based雙埠記憶體內建自我測試驗證系統之結構 4.2 雙埠SRAM故障硬體模擬 4.2.1 雙埠SRAM硬體故障模擬之架構 4.2.2 雙埠SRAM硬體故障模擬之故障植入設計 4.2.2.1 雙埠SRAM硬體故障模擬之固定故障0設計 4.2.2.2 雙埠SRAM硬體故障模擬之固定故障1設計 4.2.3 雙埠SRAM硬體故障模擬之偵測故障設計 4.3 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試驗證系統之控制電路設計 4.3.1 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試驗證系統暫存器資料格式 4.4 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試驗證系統之韌體設計 4.4.1 NIOS II驅動程式設計 4.5 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試驗證系統之故障涵蓋率估算  第五章 雙埠記憶體內建自我測試演算法驗證系統之效能測試 5.1 驗證與測試環境簡介 5.2 雙埠SRAM內建自我測試演算法驗證系統之測試與效能評估 5.2.1軟/硬體模擬之測試與效能評估簡介 5.2.2驗證系統之軟體模擬執行效能 5.2.3驗證系統之硬體模擬執行效能 5.2.4 軟/硬體模擬執行效能之比較 5.2.5驗證系統之軟/硬體模擬故障涵蓋率比較 第六章 結論 參考文獻

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