本研究針對石門水庫集水區內砂崙仔崩塌區某邊坡進行不飽和崩積土壤的基質吸力自動監測、含水量與地表蒸發散量量測，並利用Guelph Permeameter進行崩積土的滲透係數量測，再搭配雨量資料，以探討各淺層水文特性之間的關係。另外，本研究也根據現地實際監測之基質吸力，應用STEDwin 程式分析現地淺層土壤基質吸力變化與邊坡穩定性之關係。
現地量測結果顯示，不飽和崩積土的基質吸力、滲透係數、蒸發散量與含水量皆會受到日照與降雨的影響而產生變化，彼此存在著對應關係。當集中降雨發生，蒸發散量因日照量減少而下降。滲透係數因雨水入滲造成土壤水分含量增加而上升，基質吸力則是大幅下降。邊坡穩定分析結果顯示，不飽和崩積土土壤邊坡的安全係數隨基質吸力的減少而降低，當集中降雨發生，基質吸力降至0kPa，邊坡的安全係數最低，邊坡最不穩定。由監測與分析結果可知，降雨是造成邊坡產生淺層滑動破壞的重要因素。

The purpose of this study is to monitor the matric suction, water content, hydraulic conductivity and ground surface evapotranspiration of colluvium soils that located on a slope nearby the Shihmen reservoir. In addition, the rainfall intensity in this region is measured to study the relationship between the rainfall data and aforementioned factors. Further, this study also uses program STEDwin to analyze the effect of soil matric suction changes on the unsaturated soil slope stability.
The monitoring results illustrated that the matric suction, hydraulic conductivity, evapotranspiration, and water content of unsaturated colluvium soil varies at various rainfall intensities and solar radiation intensities. Moreover, these factors are inter-correlated with each other. When the heavy rainfall occurs, the decrease of evapotranspiration is consistent with the decrease in the solar radiation intensities. The increase hydraulic conductivity is consistent with the increase in the soil moisture content by rainfall infiltration, but the matric suction is decreased due to rainfall infiltration. Slope stability analyses indicated that the factor of safety decrease with the decrease matric suction. After heavy rainfall, the soil’s matric suction falled quickly to 0 kPa. As a result the soil slope exhibits minimum factor of safety at this time, and the soil slope may become unstable. Therefore, it can be concluded that the rainfall is the most essential factor that can induce shallow slip failure of the colluvium soil slope.

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