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研究生: 曾郁雯
Yu-wen Tseng
論文名稱: 分散式協商模型之學習機制-以TFT-LCD面板製造產業為例
A Distributed Negotiation Model with Learning Mechanism for TFT-LCD Panel Manufacturing Firms
指導教授: 王孔政
Kung-Jeng Wang
口試委員: 楊朝龍
C.-L. Yang
王淑娟
Sophia Shu-Chuan Wang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 工業管理系
Department of Industrial Management
論文出版年: 2012
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 97
中文關鍵詞: 協商系統類神經網路分散式計算
外文關鍵詞: Negotiation System, Artificial Neural Network, Distributed Computing
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  • 近年來薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器 (TFT-LCD)市場發展快速,在產業實務中,企業中的規劃部門主要以企業生產經濟價值最大化為目標,而生產部門則著重在減少玻璃基板的浪費以控制生產成本。在不同決策目標下,往往導致各部門產能規劃互相對立與衝突,為了解決部門之間的衝突並同時減少雙方協商的時間成本,本研究透過類神經網路,藉由協商過程所獲得的資訊,學習協商對手的策略偏好,並預測對手的提議值以提出反提議,以此達到加速溝通協商的目的。為了方便處理談判,此協商建立在兩台電腦組成的分散式系統環境下,以分散式運算技術做為兩個部門間訊息交換的橋樑。部門的使用者可以直接輸入策略和參數到各自的界面中,使用NDF與ILOG Concert Technology根據其內部考量以定義決策模型,並同時用以評估對手所提供的協商提議。本研究將經過訓練的類神經網路模組導入協商系統中,並實施一系列不同的策略組合,最後比較學習前與學習後的協商結果,以此給予適當的分析與結論。實驗的結果證實,本研究所建置的新協商系統提供了一個更聰明的協商平台,不但能同時減少協商的時間與成本,更顯著地提升了協商的便利性。


    The market of thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) is quickly developed in recent years. In practical industry, the planning sector in a company aim to maximize production economic value, while the production sector focuses on decreasing the waste of glass substrate to control the production cost. With such various goals, the production plans of different sectors usually have conflict and oppositions with each other. To resolve the conflict between sectors and to reduce the negotiation time for both sides, this research uses artificial neural network for studying the preference of negotiation with the opponent and predicting their offer to propose a better counter-offer. By this way, we can accelerate the negotiation. Our negotiation system is built in a distributed environment on two computers and utilizes distributed computing technique as the bridge for information exchange. Sectors can directly input a strategy and parameters into their interface, and then the system applies NDF and ILOG Concert Technology to define the strategy model and evaluate the negotiation offer from the other side. In this study, we import the trained artificial neural network module into the negotiation system and apply tests for a series of different combinations of strategies, and then we compare the negotiation results before and after adding the learning mechanism. The experimental results demonstrate that the new system with learning mechanism gives a smarter platform for negotiation by reducing negotiation time and cost. Furthermore, it significantly promotes the convenience for negotiation.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II 誌謝 III CONTENTS IV FIGURE LIST VII TABLE LIST IX Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Research Background and Motivation 1 1.2 Research Purpose 2 1.3 Research Process 2 Chapter 2 Literature Review 5 2.1 Negotiation Decision Functions 5 2.2 ILOG CPLEX Optimizer 9 2.3 Distributed Computing 12 2.4 Message Passing Interface 13 2.5 Artificial Neural Network 14 Chapter 3 Method and Implementation 18 3.1 Negotiation Agents 18 3.1.1 Planning sector 18 3.1.2 Production Sector 19 3.2 Artificial Neural Network Model 20 3.3 Negotiation Environment 26 3.4 Negotiation Procedure with Learning Mechanism 27 Chapter 4 Experiments and Analysis 30 4.1 Planning Sector with Time Dependent Tactic (Exponential Conceder) 32 4.1.1 Combination: Exponential Conceder vs. Polynomial Boulware 32 4.1.2 Combination: Exponential Conceder vs. Polynomial Linear 33 4.1.3 Combination: Exponential Conceder vs. Polynomial Conceder 35 4.1.4 Combination: Exponential Conceder vs. Exponential Boulware 36 4.1.5 Combination: Exponential Conceder vs. Exponential Linear 38 4.1.6 Combination: Exponential Conceder vs. Exponential Conceder 39 4.1.7 Combination: Exponential Conceder vs. Resource Estimation Tactic 41 4.1.8 Combination: Exponential Conceder vs. Utility tit for tat 42 4.2 Planning Sector with Resource Estimation Tactic 44 4.2.1 Combination: Resource Estimation Tactic vs. Polynomial Boulware 44 4.2.2 Combination: Resource Estimation Tactic vs. Polynomial Linear 45 4.2.3 Combination: Resource Estimation Tactic vs. Polynomial Conceder 47 4.2.4 Combination: Resource Estimation Tactic vs. Exponential Boulware 48 4.2.5 Combination: Resource Estimation Tactic vs. Exponential Linear 50 4.2.6 Combination: Resource Estimation Tactic vs. Exponential Conceder 51 4.2.7 Combination: Resource Estimation Tactic vs. Resource Estimation Tactic 53 4.2.8 Combination: Resource Estimation Tactic vs. Utility tit for tat 54 4.3 Planning Sector with Behavior Dependent Tactic (Utility tit for tat) 56 4.3.1 Combination: Utility tit for tat vs. Polynomial Boulware 56 4.3.2 Combination: Utility tit for tat vs. Polynomial Linear 57 4.3.3 Combination: Utility tit for tat vs. Polynomial Conceder 59 4.3.4 Combination: Utility tit for tat vs. Exponential Boulware 60 4.3.5 Combination: Utility tit for tat vs. Exponential Linear 62 4.3.6 Combination: Utility tit for tat vs. Exponential Conceder 63 4.3.7 Combination: Utility tit for tat vs. Resource Estimation Tactic 65 4.3.8 Combination: Utility tit for tat vs. Utility tit for tat 66 4.4 Analysis of Experiment Results 68 Chapter 5 Conclusions and Future Research 70 5.1 Conclusions 70 5.2 Future Research 71 Reference 72 Appendix 76 A. Input of 8 different strategies 76 B. Description of Notations in the Decision Model 79 C. TFT-LCD Capacity Planning and Allocation Model 80 D. The 32 Experiments Results of and without Learning Mechanism 82 E. The 32 Experiments Results of and with Learning Mechanism 83 F. Negotiation Tactics 84

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